解析：2023届重庆市高考模拟调研卷英语试题（二）.docx

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考模拟调研卷英语（二）英语测试卷共8页，满分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，.作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。2 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分,满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £19. 15.B.£9. 18. C. £9. 15.答案是C.1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank. B. In a car. C. In a house.2. What does Lisa's daughter do?A. Fix the table. B. Cook the dinner. C. Clean the dishes.3. Which job is the man interested in?A. Director. B. Manager. C. Doctor.4. How much should the woman pay for the bag?A. $105. B.SI00. C. $95.5. What are they talking about?A. Homework. B. Computer. C. Books.第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、 in it in the first place.A. Choose a major by feeling instead of research.B. The major I like is too diftlcult. Td better change it.C. You're the one doing the work and earning the degree.D. Often times, people will confuse their hobbies with their passions.E. The mistake happens when you're choosing a major only based on money.F. It will all depend on position openings and your competitors when you graduate.G. The idea of a specific major is better than the reality for students who enter it blindly.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It is every kid's worst nightmare and six-year-old Jaden Hayes has lived it 21. Firsthe lost his dad when he was four and then last month his mom 22 unexpectedly in her sleep.UI tried and I tried and I tried to get her 23I couldn't," said Jaden.Jaden is 24 heartbroken.But there's another side to his 25. A side he first made public a few weeks agowhen he told his aunt, and now guardian, Barbara DiCola, that he was sick and tired of seeing everyone sad all the time. And he had a plan to 26 it. "And that was the beginning of it, “said Barbara.That's where the 27 began. 4tJaden asked his aunt Barbara to buy a bunch of little 28 and bring him to downtown Savannah, Georgia near where he lives, so he could 29.Tm trying to make people 30 J said Jaden.Jaden 3people who aren't already smiling and then turns their day around. He'sgone out on four different occasions now and he is always 32. Even if sometimes hedoesn't get exactly the 33 he was hoping for.It is just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toy-expecting nothing 34_except a smile.'Tm counting on it to be 33,000/ said Jaden. When asked if he thinks he can make that35, he answered: "I think I can.”21. A. onceB. yetC. twiceD. then22. A. criedB. foughtC. stayedD. died23. A. delightedB. anxiousC. absentD. awake24. A. understandablyB. impossiblyC. hardlyD. easily25. A. comedyB. griefC. favorD. freedom26. A. fixB. reachC. hideD. obey27. A. paceB. patternC. adventureD. anger28. A. ballsB. toysC. flowersD. fruits29. A. sell （hem outB. set them upC. sei them asideD. give them away30. A. smileB. feelC. succeedD. talk31. A. desiresB. targetsC. attacksD. rescues32. A. seriousB. stubbornC. successfulD. troublesome33. A. giftB. difficultyC. reactionD. excuse34. A. in needB. in returnC. for funD. on show35. A. goalB. possibilityC. decisionD. choice第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A HILLARYS resident has shaved off her long hair in support of a friend who has a hair loss condition. Kain Waihi shaved her hair on May 12 in recognition of her friend Kathi Tait, who has been dealing with alopecia areata （斑秃） 36 she was nine years old.“It all happened very quickly. I started getting large bald patches and 37 no time I lost 40 percent of my hair. " Ms. Tait said, "My sister passed away from blood cancer the year before, so it was an 38 （extreme） tough time. 1 managed to get through primary school. However, high school was a different story. It was terrible; I got bullied （被欺负）because of my alopecia.”Ms. Tait 39（wear） a wig （假发）for the first year of high school and her hair grewback, only 40 （fall） out again after a year and a half. This pattern of growth and loss was frequent until her 30s when most of her hair fell out and didn't grow back.A few years ago she shaved off 41 small amount of 42 (remain) hair, stopped wearing wigs and started living a life as a bald woman-calling 43 (her) the “bald warrior.Miss Waihi, 44 has known Ms. Tait for more than 12 years, said her friend still faced 45(judge) every day. "I want more people to know about the condition and tosend out (he message that it is OK to be bald.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假如你是李华，就China Daily的环境保护话题写信，阐述一次性筷子对环境的危害，及 树木对环境的重要性，并提出你的建议。注意:1 .词数80左右（信的格式和开头已为你写好，不计入词数）;.参考词汇：throwaway chopsticks一次性筷子；ecological value 生态价值。Dear Editor.I'm more than delighted to express my view about environmental protection.Yours sincerely.Li Hua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。There was a pretty strict system of segregation (种族隔离)in Atlanta. For a long, long time I could not go swimming, until there was a Negro YMCA(黑人基督教青年会).A Negro child in Atlanta could not go to any public park. I could not go to the so-called white schools. In many of the stores downtown, I couldn't go to a lunch counter to buy a hamburger or a cup of coffee. I could not attend any of the theaters. There were one or two Negro theaters, but they didn't get any of the main pictures. If they did get them, I hey got them two or three years later.I had grown up hating not only segregation but also the cruel acts that grew out of it. I had seen police violence with my own eyes, and watched Negroes receive the most tragic injustice in the courts. I can remember the organization known as the Ku Kux Klan. It stands out white supremacy（至高无上）,and it was an organization that in those days even used violent methods to preserve segregation and to keep the Negro in his place. I remember seeing the Klan actually beat Negro. I had passed spots where Negroes had been savagely lynched （用私刑）.All of these things did something to my growing personality.In my late childhood and early adolescence, two incidents happened that had a tremendous effect on my development. The first was the first empty seats at the front of the store. A young white clerk came up and murnmred politely:'Til be happy to wait on you if yoirll just move to those seats in the back.”Dad immediately replied, “There's nothing wrong with these seats. We're quite comfortable here. *“Sorry, “said the clerk, “but you'll have to move. u''We'll either buy shoes sitting here, umy father said quickly, “or we won't buy shoes at all." 1.续写词数应为150左右：2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Therefore he took me by the hand and walked out of the store.I remember riding with him another day when he accidentally drove past a stop sign.试卷第14页，共14页1. BC2. C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本新书。1. 细节理解题。根据 The Origin of Disease 卜面的介绍中“For many people, medical books can be a hard barrier to jump, but this book is written in an accessible style and format, and contains information useful to the lay person, not just medical professionals.（对许多人来说，医学书籍可 能是一个难以跨越的障碍。但这本书是以一种易于阅读的风格和格式编写的，它包含了对外 行人有用的信息，而不仅仅是医学专业人士）”并结合选项可知，这本书的目标读者是关心自 己的健康的人们。故选B项。2. 推理判断题。根据 The Stuff of Monuments 卜面的介绍中“Through the stories in the book, it is shown that the seasons of our lives are made up of （he scuff that went before.（通过书中的故事， 我们可以看到，我们生活的时节是由过去的东西组成的）“可知，书中有许多不同的故事；从 而推知，The Stuff of Monuments可能是一部短篇故事集。故选C项。3. 细节理解题。根据最后一本书的介绍中“Out of fear comes delight, and the idea that what wc see and how we initially judge a situation can be wrongthat what it takes to overcome ourfears can sometimes be the best way to make a friend.（恐惧带来快乐，而我们所看到的以及我们 最初如何判断一种情况的想法可能是错误的克服恐惧所需要的东西有时可能是交朋友 的最佳方式）”可知，在书中是他的勇气（克服恐惧所需要的东西）给他带来了友谊。故选C 项。4. CD5. AB【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了 friend、hangout、funky等词的旧时用法。4. 细节理解题。根据第段“If you could friend someone, it was only natural, according to the productive rules of English word formation, that you could unfriend them, too. The word shows up in this example from 1659: hope, sir, that we are not mutually （相互的）un-friended by tis difference which has happened between us. ”（如果你可以和某人交朋友，根据英语构词法的有 效规则，你也可以解除他们的朋友关系。1659年的这个例子中出现了这样一个词：“我希望， 先生，我们不会因为我们之间发生的分歧而失去朋友。”户可知，“unfriend”这个词是1659 年出现的。故选C。5. 推理判断题。根据最后一段"Since the 1600s, funk was slang（俚语）for the unpleasant smell of tobacco smoke, and by extension, anything that stank（臭的）.Cheeses, rooms, and especially ship's toilets could be described as funky.（自17世纪以来，funk是一种俚语，指烟草烟雾的难闻气 味，引申而言，指任何有臭味的东西。奶酪、房间，尤其是船上的厕所，可以说是臭的。）” 可知，无家可归的狗可以形容为臭的。故选D。6. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The application of fanboy to comics and science fiction had to wait until the 70s, but before that, there were sports fans, and in 1919 the paper in Decatur, Illinois, reported that, 44it was a shock to the fan boys when Cincinnati.beat the Chicago White Sox. "（fanboy在漫画和科幻小说中的应用必须等到70年代，但在此之前，有体育迷。1919 年，伊利诺伊州迪凯特的报纸报道，“当辛辛那提击败芝加哥白袜队时，球迷们感到震 惊。户可知，fanboy这个词最初出现在体育运动中。故选A。7. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了 friend、hangout、funky等词的旧时用法。故 B项“Words That Are Much Older than They Seem（比看起来老得多的单词）”最能概括本文主旨。 故选B。8. BD9. A10. D【导语】这是篇说明文。文章介绍了茶和咖啡深受人们喜爱，并简单说明了喝茶或咖啡的好处。8. 词句猜测题。根据第一段前两句"Let's face itmost of us can,t resist a cup of tea or coffee sometimes.They,re a perfect pick-mc-up and comforter（让我们认清现实吧大多数人有时都无法抗拒一杯茶或咖啡。它们是一种完美的鼓舞和安慰）”可知茶和咖啡有提神、安慰的作用， 结合划线单词后的“our busy lives”可知茶和咖啡能缓解我们忙碌的生活，由此可知划线词词 义为“缓解”，故选B项。9. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Andrew Steptoe, a professor from University College London's Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, told BBC Food that drinking black tea “may speed up recovery from （he daily stresses in life. but we do not know what ingredients of tea were responsible fbr these effects on stress recovery and relaxation”.（伦敦大学学院流行病学和 公共卫生学系教授Andrew Steptoe告诉BBC食品频道说，喝红茶”可以加快从日常生活压力 中恢复过来但我们不知道茶中的哪些成分对压力恢复和放松有这些效果。可知，茶 里的某些成分有减轻压力、放松的效果，即让人们暂时忘记让他们烦恼的事情。故选D项。 10.细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句"However, too much can lead to anxiety. Sleep scientist Matt Walker told the BBC that caffeine can decrease the amount of restorative deep sleep you have.（然 而，过多会导致焦虑。睡眠科学家Malt Walker告诉BBC,咖啡因会减少让人恢复精力的深 度睡眠。）”可知过度地饮用咖啡不利于睡眠。故选A项。11. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Researchers at Osaka University linked drinking a daily cup of coffee with a lower risk of death among both stroke survivors and healthy people, while drinking seven or more cups of green tea was associated with a lower risk of death among both heart attack and stroke survivors. So. whether we tum to coffee or tea for its taste, its image or as a lifestyle choice, it could be a lifesaver!（大阪大学的研究人员发现，在中风幸存者和健康 人群中，每天喝一杯咖啡的死亡风险较低，而在心脏病发作和中风幸存者中，喝七杯或更多 答案第3页，共14页绿茶的死亡风险较低。所以，无论我们选择咖啡还是茶是因为它的味道、它的形象或作为一 种生活方式的选择，它都可能是我们的救命稻草！）”可知这篇文章主要告诉读者喝茶或者咖 啡对身体有好处。所以这篇文章取自于杂志的“健康”部分。故选D项。12. BD13. AC【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过Elon Musk等人一起签署的一封公开信，谈论了作者对人工 智能在武器中使用的担忧。12. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Tesla and SpaceX Chief Executive Elon Musk has joined dozens of CEOs of artificial intelligence companies in signing an open letter urging the United Nations to ban the use of AI in weapons before the technology gets out of hand.（特斯拉和 SpaceX 的首席执 行官Elon Musk与数十家人工智能公司的首席执行官一起签署了一封公开信，敦促联合国在 技术失控之前禁止在武器中使用人工智能。户及第二段中“The letter was published Mondaythe same day the U. N. was to discuss ways to protect civilians from the misuse ofautomated weapons （自动武器）.（这封信于周一发表，同一天，联合国将讨论如何保护平民免 受自动武器的滥用。可知，Ekm Musk在公开信上签名是为了保护人类免受人工智能的潜 在危险。故选B项。13. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The letter warned of the dangers of artificial intelligence in weapons, which could be used in assassinations （暗杀）,overturning nations, and selectively killing a particular ethnic group.（这封信警告了人工智能武器的危险，它可能被用于暗杀、颠覆国家， 以及选择性地杀害一个特定的种族。）“、第五段中“Lower costs, as well as the fact that they don,t risk the lives of military personnel, have contributed to their rising popularity.（更彳氐的成本， 以及它们不冒军事人员生命危险的事实，使它们越来越受欢迎。）”以及第六段中“AI weapons would take things a step further, removing human involvement entirely, and potentially improving efficiency，人工智能武器将更进一步，完全消除人类的参与，并有可能提高效率。）“可知， 答案第4页，共14页人工智能在武器中的使用可能会颠覆国家、选择性地杀害一个特定的种族并有可能提高效率, 但不会拿军事人员的生命冒险。故选D项。14. 词句猜测题。划线词句后文“It will only be a matter of time until they appear on the black market and in the hands of terrorists, dictators or warlords （军阀）.（它们出现在黑市上,落入恐怖分子、 独裁者或军阀手中，只是时间问题。广说明人工智能武器会给世界带来很多威胁，从而推知 戈ij线词句“But they could also open a whole new box of ooirns, according to the letter,4lowering the level for going to battle' and creating a global arms race in which horrible technology can be mass-produced and misused.（但是，根据信中的说法，they could also open a whole new box of worms,'降低作战级别，并造成一场全球军备竞赛，在这场竞赛中，可怕的技术可能会被 大规模生产和滥用。户其中划线部分应为“人工智能武器会给世界带来很多威胁''的意思。故 选A项。15. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Artificial intelligence technology has reached a point where the use of such systems is-practically, if not legally-achievable within years, and the risks are high. It will only be a matter of time until they appear on the black market and in the hands of terrorists, dictators or warlords （军阀）.（人工智能技术已经达到了这样一种程度，即使在几年内不能在法 律上实现，这种系统的使用也几乎是可以实现的，而且风险很高。它们出现在黑市上，落入 恐怖分子、独裁者或军阀手中，只是时间问题。）“可知，作者对人工智能在武器中的使用是 担忧的。故选C项。16. EF17. DA18. C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解了四个选择大学时一定要避免的误区，帮助读者更好地选 择专业。16.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你 将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每 段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why did the police pull the man over?A. Because of weather. B. Because of drinking. C. Because of speeding.7. What did the woman give the man finally?A. A warning. B. A ticket. C. A book.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. For whom will the woman buy night cream?A. Her sister. B. Her mom. C. Herself.9. What does the woman think of the gift package?A. Priceless. B. Nice. C. useless.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What does the man invite the woman to do?A. Go swimming. B. Go running. C. Go skiing.11. What is the woman's concern?A. The safety. B. The area. C. The fee.12. What is the man's advice?A. Making a plan. B. Losing weight. C. Going training first.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What is the relationship between (he speakers?A. A couple. B. Strangers. C. Classmates.14. Who wrote the book?A. Bob Dylan. B. Howard Sounes. C. Linda White.15. How many chapters docs the book have?A. 12. B. 15. C. 16.16. When will the man finish reading (he book?A. By Friday. B. By Saturday. C. By Sunday.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。±j4tl. Choose a major only based on money（ 1.只根据钱来选择专业）”为本段小标题，起着统 领本段的作用；小标题谈到误区之一是以金钱为标准，故本段都与金钱有关。E项“当你只 根据钱来选择专业时，就会犯这个错误。'中based on money为原文复现。故选E项。 17.上文“The truth is, choosing a major with high-paying career options will not actually guarantee you ahigh-payingjob.（事实是，选择一个高薪职业选择的专业并不能保证你得到一份高薪工作.）” 和下文“If there arc limited openings, the job will go to someone who is truly interested in the field.（如果有有限的空缺，工作将会给真正对该领域感兴趣的人。）”表示，专业不能保