安徽省淮南市高考英语二轮复习完形填空摸底训练(5)-人教版高三全册英语试题.pdf
word-1-/10 安徽淮南市 2016 高考英语二轮完形填空摸底训练5 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C、和 D中，选出可以填入空白处的最优选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Learning theorists emphasize the role of environmental influences in shaping the way a person develops.In their view,child development is _36_ by both planned and _37_ learning experiences in the home,peer group,school,and community.Therefore,childhood growth is significantly _38_ by the efforts of parents,teachers,and others to _39_ children in desirable ways.According to learning theories,the same _40_ that explain how people can use a bicycle or computer also explain how children acquire social skills,emotional self-control,reasoning strategies,and the _41_ skills of walking and running.One kind of learning occurs when a childs actions are _42_ by a reward or punishment.A reward increases the probability that behavior will be repeated.For example,a young child may _43_ draw pictures because she receives praise from her parents after _44_ each one.A punishment decreases the probability that behavior will be repeated.For example,a child who touches a hot stove and burns his fingertips is not _45_ to touch the stove again._46_ kind of learning,classical conditioning,occurs when a person makes a _47_ association between two events.For example,babies begin sucking when they are put in a familiar nursing _48_,children fear dogs whose barking has startled them in the past.A third kind of learning consists of imitating the _49_ of others.A boy may acquire his fathers _50_ of talking,his mothers tendency to roll her eyes,and his favorite basketball players _51_ on the court.In doing so,he also acquires _52_ about the consequences of these behaviors.Learning theories provide extremely useful ways of understanding how developmental changes in behavior and thinking _53_ and,for some children,why behavior problems word-2-/10 arise.These theories can be studied scientifically and practically applied.Critics point out,_54_,that learning theorists sometimes neglect childrens _55_ role in their own understanding and development.36.A.equipped B.preserved C.guided D.simplified 37.A.unintended B.uninvolved C.undiscovered D.unlimited 38.A.achieved B.created C.developed D.shaped 39.A.moralize B.recognize C.socialize D.standardize 40.A.considerations B.instructions C.principles D.tendencies 41.A.physical B.personal C.original D.technical 42.A.directed B.followed C.pursued D.tracked 43.A.continuously B.immediately C.occasionally D.regularly 44.A pleting B.providing C.handling D.obtaining 45.A.reliable B.likely C.possible D.ready 46.A.Another B.Next C.One D.Other 47.A.emotional B.intellectual C.mental D.spiritual 48.A.condition B.location C.position D.situation 49.A.attitude B.behavior C.clothes D.manners 50.A.custom B.means C.type D.style 51.A.approaches B.moves C.controls D.gestures 52.A.expressions B.experiences C.explorations D.expectations 53.A.appear B.insert C.exist D.occur 54.A.otherwise B.however C.moreover D.therefore 55.A.active B.systematic C.positive D.social 【参考答案】完形填空 36-40 CADCC 41-45 ABDAB 46-50 ACCBD 51-55 BDDBA word-3-/10【某某市 2014 高考英语综合能力测试题9】完形填空共 15 小题；每一小题 2 分，总分为 30 分 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1-15 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最优选项。Youve heard of Petfinder -a website thathelps shelters and rescue groups find lovinghomes for animals.Maybe youve even foundyour own _l_ through the site,but do you knowPetfinder _2_ with an idea that came about on theway to a New Years dinner?Dating back t0 1995,Google wasnt a verb andFacebook and didnt _3_.The World WideWeb was more of a wild world.My husbandJared was a doctor and Iworked for urbanforestry.We both thought that everything waspossible on the web,which,we believed at that time,wasnt used _4_，We wanted to create a website.The questionwas:who would _5_ from our website?That waswhat we were discussing in the car that night onthe way to our friends home for _6_.We thoughtabout many ideas.“The website would make useoftechnology for a _7_ responsible cause,Jaredfinally said.What cause needed our help?In the end,weboth thought of animal shelters.Sure,we lovedanimals and Id“saved them when l was a kidlike the snake I found in the backyard which Ithen persuaded my parents to let me _8_.At thattime my focus was on planting trees and Jared puthis heart into helping the _9_.We didnt even have a pet.Yet,I knew every year,millions of abandoned pets-healthy,loving animals whoonly wanted a_10_ were killed.We couldnt wait to tell our friends about our _11_.They volunteered to help.Jared and Iworked on Petfinder thats what we _12it.We wanted the site to be _13_ to potential adopters.Thatmeant all expenses came out of ourown pocket.However,we knew if we saved justone life a month,it would be worth it.Two years later our site went _14_.Today,more than 12,500 animal welfare groups aroundthe country post information about animals on Petfinder;65 percent of animal word-4-/10 _15_ in the UScome through the site.1.A.shelterB.groupC.homeD.pet 2.A.leave B.went C.startedD.stayed 3.A.existB.end C.passD.invent 4.A.passivelyB.effectively C.positivelyD.actively 5.A.benefitB.differ C.chooseD.separate 6.A.dinnerB.advice C.helpD.information 7.A.naturallyB.specially C.sociallyD.personally 8.A.keepB.eat C.killD.sell 9.A.sickB.poor C.animalD.pet 10.A.clinic B.home C.motherD.friend 11.A.disasterB.promise C.concernD.idea 12.A.createdB.named C.imaginedD.hoped 13.A.freeB.necessary C.usefulD.limited 14.A.profitable B.unpopular C.internationalD.national word-5-/10 15.A.trades B.products C.treatments D.adoptions【参考答案】1-5 DCABA 6-10 ACAAB 11-15 DBADD 完形填空 本文介绍了 Petfinder 这个网站的创办目的和过程。1.D。原词复现题。据第一段第一句 Petfinder .animals 与后文反复出现的 pet 可知选 D。2.C。逻辑衔接题。由 with an idea that came about on the way to a New Years dinner和第三段第一句 We wanted to create a website 以与倒数第二段的 Jared and I worked on Petfinder 可知，创建 Petfinder 这个网站的想法是在去赴新年宴席的路途中产生的，应当选 C。3.A。逻辑衔接题。由下句的 The World Wide Web was more of a wild world 可知，1995年人们对网络还很陌生，Google 还没有成为动词，Facebook and 还没有出现，应当选 A。4.B。逻辑衔接题。由前文 The World Wide Web was more of a wild world 可知，当时网络还没有被有效利用，应当选 B。5.A。逻辑衔接题。由第三段第一句 We wanted to create a website 和第四段第一句 What cause needed our help什么事业需要我们的帮助？句中 cause 的意思是“事业可知，作者夫妇想创建一个网站，但是问题是谁能够从他们的网站上获得益处呢？应当选 A。6.A。原词复现题。由第一段 on the way to a New Years dinner 可知作者夫妇一起去吃新年晚餐，应当选 A。7.C。逻辑衔接题。根据全文内容可知，作者夫妇所做的事业是对社会有益的，应当选 C。8.A。语义衔接题。由本句的 Id“saved them.and persuaded my parents 可知，作者说服父母亲同意作者饲养这条蛇，应当选 A。9.A。逻辑衔接题。由上文 My husband Jared was a doctor 可知，作者丈夫的帮助对象是病人。10.B。语义衔接题。由本句的 abandoned pets 可知，作者建立本网站的目的是想给被遗弃的宠物一个家，应当选 B。word-6-/10 11.D。原词复现题；语义衔接题。第一段最后一句的 idea 提示此题答案；同时该空是对上一段的总结，应当选 D。12.B。逻辑衔接题。由 Petfinder 之后的破折号“可知，thats what we.是解释网站 Petfinder 这个名字的来历，说明作者夫妇给自己创办的网站命名为 Petfinder，应当选 B。13.A。逻辑衔接题。由下句的 That meant all expenses came out of our own pocket 可知，作者创办这个网站的一切费用都自己出，对于收养动物的人是免费的，应当选 A。14.D。逻辑衔接题。由下句的 more than 12,500 animal welfare groups around the country可知这个网站的事业开展到全国各地，应当选 D。15.D。逻辑衔接题。由倒数第二段的 potential adopters 可知这个网站是一个收养动物的平台，应当选 D。完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最优选项。This year I decided to do something to regain my good name as a kindly uncle.My 1 Tony,had never forgiven me for the dictionary I had bought him as a birthday present last year.His 2 had no reason to be thankful to me either,because the year before,I had 3 their dear son with a pot of paste(浆糊)and some funny pictures.Instead of 4 them into a book,Tony had naturally covered every wall in the house with them.This year,5 ,I decided to let him 6 for himself.We went into a big shop,but Tony was very particular about 7 .Although I tried to show him toy after toy,he was not to be 8 .Then I saw he suddenly became 9 ;he had discovered something he really liked:a large tin dram.I was quite happy too 10 I thought what Tonys mother would say when she saw it.Nobody would get any 11 for weeks!I led Tony away 12 ,saying that the dram was too expensive.Tony asked for permission to go off 13 and I made the most of my chance word-7-/10 to sit down end 14 my aching feet.Fifteen minutes passed but there was still no sign of Tony.I began to get 15 and got up to look for him.I asked a young lady if she had seen a little boy in a grey suit.She looked 16 her helplessly and pointed out that there were so many 17 in grey suits.I was just going to call the police for help,when I saw a strange18 dressed in strange orange clothes.He was wearing a false beard and had a cavemans axe(斧子)in one hand,and a space gun in the other.It was,of course,Tony,who informed me 19 that he was the first 20 to fly into space.()1.A.cousin B.daughter C.grandson D.nephew【答案】：D【解析】：由上文 as a kindly uncle 可知是作者的侄子选 D。cousin 表兄；daughter 女儿；grandson 孙子。()2.A.friends B.parents C.classmates D.brothers【答案】：B【解析】：由下文 their dear son 可知道父母选 B.friends 朋友；classmates 同班同学；brothers 兄弟()3.A.presented B.annoyed C.confused D.occupied【答案】：A【解析】给某人礼物，因此选 A。annoyed 烦恼；confused 迷糊；occupied 占据。()4.A.entering B.diving C.sticking D.therefore【答案】C【解析】由 with a pot of paste(浆糊)and some funny pictures.与下文可知选 C。entering进去；dividing 别离；drawing 画。()5.A.anyhow B.though C.again D.therefore【答案】：D【解析】：由上一年的经验，这次更进一步。因此选 D。anyhow 无论如何；though 虽然；word-8-/10 Again 再一次。()6.A.guess B.choose C.pay D.see【答案】：B【解析】：由下文可知是让侄子选礼物。guess 猜测;pay 付款；see 看见。()7.A.sweets B.toys C.clothes D.books【答案】：B【解析】：由后文 I tried to show him toy after toy 可知道选 B。sweets 糖果；clothes衣服;books 书。()8.A.pleased B.disturbed C.accepted D.disappointed【答案】：A【解析】：由上文可知，侄子都不满意。disturbed 烦恼；accepted 承受；disappointed 失望。()9.A.surprised B.hopeful C.patient D.excited【答案】：D【解析】：这应该是兴奋。surprised 吃惊的；hopeful 希望地；patient 耐心的。()10.A.after B.until C.unless D.since【答案】：B【解析】：直到什么时间。after 以后；unless 除非；since 既然。()11.A.shock B.trouble C.peace D.time【答案】：C【解析】：由下文可知道，选 C。shock 震惊；trouble 麻烦；time 时间。()12.A.happily B.eagerly C.cautiously D.quickly【答案】：D【解析】：想起了侄子妈妈说的，于是就很快离开。Happily 高兴地；eargerly 渴望地；cautiously 小心地。()13.A.on his own B.in his way C.now and then D.more or less word-9-/10【答案】：A【解析】：以侄子的方式。Now and then 时不时地；more or less 或多或少。()14.A.drag B.rest C.lay D.step【答案】：B【解析】：让脚休息。drag 拖；lay 搁置；step 踏步。()15.A.ashamed B.angry C.worried D.doubtful【答案】：C【解析】：没看到侄子，作者开始担心。ashamed 羞耻的；angry 生气的；doubtful 怀疑的()16.A.about B.to C.at D.across【答案】：A【解析】：向四周看了看。()17.A.young ladies B.new customers C.loving parents D.small boy【答案】：D【解析】：小孩子。Young ladies 年轻女人；new customers 新的顾客；loving parents 友好的父母。()18.A.figure B.actor C.man D.doll【答案】：A【解析】：侄子装扮成一个人。Figure 人物；actor 演员；man 男人；doll 洋娃娃。()19.A.on time B.at once C.just now D.once again【答案】：B【解析】：立即认出来。on time 按时 just now 刚刚；once again z 再一次。()20.A.policeman B.spaceman C.caveman D.postman【答案】：C【解析】：由前文的 cavemans axe 可知选 C。policeman 警察；spaceman 航天员；postman邮差。word-10-/10
