四川省宜宾市2022-2023学年高三上学期一诊考试英语试题Word版含解析.docx

宜宾市普通高中2020级第一次诊断测试（考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。1. What does the woman want to know?A. Where the police station is.B. When the grocery store opens.C. Where the new ice cream store is.2. What color is Mary's hair?C. White.A. Red.B. Brown.3. What does the woman mean?A. She'll not go to the game.B. She will do everything later.C. She just wants to cut the grass now.4. Why doesn't the man want to go to Chicago?A. It is too far away.B. It isn't as nice as Pittsburgh.C. He hasn't been to Pittsburgh.5. What does the man want?A. Something to eat. B. Something to share. C. Something to read.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 止了运营，官员们现在认为它已经无法修复了，将被拆掉。文章介绍了 Arecibo遭受破坏的经过以及人们 对它的看法。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “But it was forced to stop operations this year after suffering unprecedented damage, and officials now believe that it is beyond repair. Instead of trying to fix it, they're going to tear it down.（但在遭受了前所未有的破坏后，它今年被迫停止了运营，官员们现在认为它已经无法修复了。他们 不会试图修复它，而是会把它拆掉）”可知，Arecibo会被摧毁。故选A。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中 “In its lifetime, it has experienced earthquakes and storms, including the hurricane that spoilt Puerto Rico in 2017, which damaged some of the dish.（在它的一生中，它经历了 地震和风暴，包括 2017年袭击波多黎各的飓风，损坏了一些表盘）”以及画线词上文"Over the years, Arecibo has faced danger and damage, but it has always”可知，多年来，Arecibo面临着危险和破坏，但它一直幸存了下来。故画线 词意思是“幸存”。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中 “The cable "definitely should not have failed in the way it did,“ Ashley Zauderer, the Arecibo program director at the National Science Foundation, which owns the telescope, said. But earlier this month, just days before engineers were scheduled to try to stabilize the telescope, another piece of hardware came smashing into the dish. A main cable, one of the originals installed when the observatory was built, had cracked, causing even more damage.（光缆“绝对不应该像它那样失败，”拥有该望远镜的美国国家科学基金会 Arecibo项目主任Ashley Zauderer说。但就在本月早些时候，就在工程师计划稳定望远镜的几天前，另一 块硬件撞到了碟形盘上。天文台建造时安装的一根主电缆已经破裂，造成了更大的破坏）”可知，Ashley Zauderer在第三段要表达的是：Arecibo在工作中意外失败。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段 “Arecibo, a giant radio observatory is located in the lush mountains of Puerto Rico, did some of the dreamiest work in astronomy. But it was forced to stop operations this year after suffering unprecedented damage, and officials now believe that it is beyond repair. Instead of trying to fix it, they're going to teaAt down.（Arecibo是一个巨大的射电天文台，位于波多黎各郁郁葱葱的山区，在天文学上做了一些最梦 幻的工作。但在遭受了前所未有的破坏后，它今年被迫停止了运营，官员们现在认为它已经无法修复了。 他们不会试图修复它，而是会把它拆掉）”结合文章介绍了 Arecibo遭受破坏的经过以及人们对它的看法。 可知，C选项“损坏的Arecibo望远镜走向了终点”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What do the happiest people on earth have in mon? Recently, researchers have analyzed the mon characteristics of the people who call themselves very, very happy with their lives, and who tend to live long. Here is part of what they have found:RelationshipsResearch has found that it is strong personal and social relationships that make people happy. And this is true all throughout your life. 16. Socializing with friends and family, in a small and close-knit group, is themost important key to happiness and long life.Helping othersIt is not being helped or loved by others that leads to happiness and long life; it is helping others. 17Being busy doing things you love and are good atIt is true that one should not be stressed out and rushed all the time. 18、if you want to live a long,happy life. However, doing anything under the sun is not the secret to happiness. It is doing things that you are good at, and you are interested in, that makes you happy.A happy, warm childhood19. A study has noted that “warmth of childhood environment” is a very important predictor ofcontentment, happiness and even a long life.Being gratefulIn a study of gratitude, researchers at the University of Miami have found that people who consciously think of their blessings feel better about their lives. 20. than those who tend to take things for granted.A. Being helped is of great importancePeople are happiest when they have loving relationshipsB. Children always happily grow up and play with themselvesThey even exercise more, and make fewer visits to the hospitalC. The happiest people on earth have had a happy, warm, and stable childhoodBut you have to be engaged in work that makes you busy and fully involvedD. The joy on the face of the people you help makes you contented and joyful yourself【答案】16.B17. G 18. F 19. E 20. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了生活得幸福的人的共同特征。【16题详解】根据上文 uResearch has found that it is strong personal and social relationships that make people happy. And this is true all throughout your life.（研究发现，牢固的人际关系和社会关系使人快乐。你的一生都是如此）”以及 后文 u Socializing with friends and family, in a small and close-knit group, is the most important key to happiness and long life.（在一个小而紧密的群体中与朋友和家人交往是幸福和长寿的最重要的关键）”可知，后文提到 了幸福和长寿的关键是与人交往，可见本句旨在说明人们在有爱的关系时是最幸福的。故B选项“人们在 有爱的关系时是最幸福的”符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据上文 “It is not being helped or loved by others that leads to happiness and long life; it is helping others.（得至lj 别人的帮助或爱并不能带来幸福和长寿；它是帮助别人）”可知，带来幸福和长寿是帮助别人，本句为本段 最后一句，应承接上文说明帮助别人带来的作用：使你自己感到满足和快乐。故G选项“你帮助的人脸上 的喜悦使你自己感到满足和快乐”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据上文 “It is true that one should not be stressed out and rushed all the time.（的确,一个人不应该一直紧张和 匆忙）” 以及后文 "However, doing anything under the sun is not the secret to happiness. It is doing things that you are good at, and you are interested in, that makes you happy.（然而，在世界上做任何事都不是幸福的秘诀。 只有做自己擅长和感兴趣的事情才会让你快乐）”可知，上文提到不应该一直紧张和匆忙，后文则提到做自 己擅长和感兴趣的事情才会快乐，可知人还是要投入到工作中去，故F选项“但是你必须投入到让你忙得 不可开交的工作中去”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据后文 u A study has noted that "warmth of childhood environment's a very important predictor of contentment, happiness and even a long life.（一项研究指出，“童年环境的温暖”是满足、幸福甚至长寿的一 个非常重要的预测因素）”可知，后文提到了 “童年环境的温暖”是满足、幸福甚至长寿的一个非常重要的 预测因素，可见快乐、温暖和稳定的童年有助于人幸福。故E选项“世界上最幸福的人都有快乐、温暖和 稳定的童年”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】根据上文 “In a study of gratitude, researchers at the University of Miami have found that people who consciously think of their blessings feel better about theirlives.（迈阿密大学的研究人员在一项关于感恩的研究中发现，有 意识地想到自己得到的祝福的人对生活感觉更好）”以及后文“than those who tend to take things for granted.（而不是那些把事情看成理所当然的人）”可知，本句旨在说明意识地想到自己得到的祝福的人对生 活感觉更好的一些具体表现：锻炼得更多，去医院的次数更少。故D选项“他们甚至锻炼得更多，去医院 的次数更少”符合语境，故选D。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。I've been writing now fbr 34 years. It all started when I was just 18 years old.As a boy 21、I probably read hundreds of books, including mysteries, science fiction, thrillers, and justabout any other 22 of book I could find. I had a 23 for knowledge that never seemed to disappear, no matter how many books I 24.Then 25, I found that I too had ideas of my own that I wanted to write and share. I wanted to sharethings that were full of 26. love and joy. I tried to 27 my desire at first, but as any writer will tellyou, once ideas 28 inside of you, they don't leave you 29 until you write them down. I didn't have a puter, or even a typewriter, but I 30 a pen and a notebook and wrote down everything that was burning 31 of me.When I was done, I didn't know how to 32 my work with the world without Internet then. Finally I sought out the 33 of my local newspaper and asked if he would like to 34 what I'd written. He was a man full of both wisdom and kindness. He not only printed my first story but agreed to publish anything else I was 35 to write.After that, nothing could stop me. Years later, I even self-published two 36 of my stories in book form.Through my writing, I slowly became a 37 person. Writing allowed me to 38 the goodness and light that exist in us all. I also found that we are all 39, whether we put pen to paper or not.With every choice we make, with every thought we think, and with every 40 we take, we are writing our own life story.21. A. bringing upB. growing upC going upD. standing up22. A. typeB. nameC. qualityD. detail23. A. tryB. talkC. giftD. thirst24. A. readB. drewC. editedD. wrote25. A. franklyB. carefullyC.suddenlyD. generally26. A. frightB. goodnessC.sadnessD. darkness27. A. expressB. exploreC. ignoreD. realize28. A. fadeB. awakenC. sharpenD. freeze【答案】21.B29. A. aloneB. openC. onD.off30. A. lostB. lentC. gaveD. grabbed31. A. upsideB. backC. insideD. front32. A. shareB.sendC. giveD. post33. A. readerB. buyerC. editorD. reporter34. A. readB. sellC. hearD. print35. A. shyB. willingC. nervousD. anxious36. A. collectionsB. setsC. piecesD. records37. A. greaterB. biggerC. betterD. fatter38. A. developB. overlookC. formD. discover39. A. trainersB. sellersC. friendsD. writers40. A. careB. actionC. medicineD. picture22. A23. D 24. A25. C 26. B 27. C28. B 29. A 30. D 31.28. B 29. A 30. D 31.C 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B36. A 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者成为一名作家的经过以及对于写作的一些感悟。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一个男孩，我可能读了数百本书，包括悬疑小说、科幻小说、惊悚小说，以 及我能找到的任何其他类型的书。A. bringing up抚养；B. growing up成长；C. going up上升；D. standing up 站起来。根据上文“Asaboy”这里指作者作为一个男孩成长，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个男孩，我可能读了数百本书，包括悬疑小说、科幻小说、惊悚小说，以 及我能找到的任何其他类型的书。A. type类型；B. name名字；C. quality质量；D. detail细节。根据上文 including mysteries, science fiction, thrillers, and just about any other,可知，作者阅读了 各种类型的书籍。故选Ao【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对知识的渴求似乎从未消失，不管我读了多少书。A. try尝试；B. talk谈话； C. gift 礼物；D. thirst 口渴，渴求。根据后文 “for knowledge that never seemed to disappear” 可知，这里指对 知识的渴求。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我对知识的渴求似乎从未消失，不管我读了多少书。A. read阅读；B. drew绘画；C.edited编辑；D. wrote写。根据上文“no matter how many books I”可知，这里指读了多少书。故选A。 【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，突然间，我发现我也有自己的想法，我想写下来和分享。A. frankly坦白 地；B. carefully 仔细地；C. suddenly 突然；D. generally 通常。根据后文 “I found that I too had ideas of my own that I wanted to write and share”可知，作者读了很多书以后，突然发现自己也有想法，想写下来分享。故选 Co【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想分享那些充满美好、爱和喜悦的东西。A. fright恐怖；B. goodness善良，美 好；C.sadness悲伤;D. darkness黑暗。根据后文“love and joy”可知，作者想分享充满美好、爱和喜悦的 东西。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始我试图忽视自己的欲望，但正如任何作家都会告诉你的那样，一旦想法在 你心中唤醒，它们就不会离开你，直到你把它们写下来。A. express表达；B.explore探索；C.ignore忽视； D. realize 意识到。根据后文 “my desire at first, but as any writer will tell you” 中 but 表示转折，可知，作者一 开始忽视这个想法，但想法一直存在。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始我试图忽视自己的欲望，但正如任何作家都会告诉你的那样，一旦想法在 你心中唤醒，它们就不会离开你，直到你把它们写下来。A. fade褪色；B.awaken唤醒；C. sharpen变锋利； D. freeze冰冻。根据上文“once ideas”指想法在心中唤醒。故选B。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一开始我试图忽视自己的欲望，但正如任何作家都会告诉你的那样，一旦想法在 你心中唤醒，它们就不会离开你，直到你把它们写下来。A.alone独自；B.open开放；C.on在上面；D.off 脱离。根据上文“they don't leave you”可知为短语leave sb. alone表示“不干涉某人；留下某人一个人”。 故选Ao30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有电脑，甚至没有打字机，但我拿起一支笔和一个笔记本，记下了我内心燃 烧的一切。A.lost失去；B.lent借给；C.gave给予；D.grabbed抓住，拿起。根据后文"a pen and a notebook and wrote down everything v可知，作者拿起一支笔和一个笔记本，故选D。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我没有电脑，甚至没有打字机，但我拿起一支笔和一个笔记本，记下了我内心燃 烧的一切。A.upside向上；B.back向后；C.inside在里面；D.front前面。对应上文“inside of you”指内心 燃烧的想分享的想法。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我完成时，我不知道在没有互联网的情况下如何与世界分享我的作品。A. share 分享；B. send发送；C. give给予；D. post发布。根据后文“my work with the world”指和世界分享自己的 作品。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我找到了当地报纸的编辑，问他是否愿意刊登我所写的文章。A.reader读 者；B. buyer买家；C.editor编辑；D. reporter记者。根据后文"of my local newspaper,指找到报纸的编辑， 想要刊登文章。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我找到了当地报纸的编辑，问他是否愿意刊登我所写的文章。A.read阅 读；B. sell销售;C.hear听见;D.print印刷,刊登。根据后文"whatF d written”指刊登作者写的文章。 后文 He not only printed my first story v 也是提示。故选 D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不仅发表了我的第一个故事，还同意发表我愿意写的任何其他故事。A.shy 害羞的;B. willing 愿意的；C. nervous 紧张的；D. anxious 焦虑的。根据上文 u He not only printed my first story but agreed to publish anything else I was可知，编辑不仅发表了第一个故事，还同意发表作者愿意写的任何 其他故事。故选B。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年后，我甚至以书 形式自己出版了两本故事集。A. collections集合，收集;B. sets设置；C.pieces片;D. records记录。根据后文“of my stories in book form”指出版了两本故事集。故 选Ao【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过我的写作，我慢慢成为了一个更好的人。A. greater更好的；B.bigger更 大的；C.better 更好的；D. fatter 更胖的。根据后文 “the goodness and light that exist in us all” 可知，作者通 过写作成为了更好的人。故选C。38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：写作让我发现了存在于我们每个人身上的善良和光明。A.develop发展;B.overlook 忽视；C. form 形成；D. discover 发现。根据后文 “the goodness and light that exist in us all” 指发现存在于我 们每个人身上的善良和光明。故选D。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还发现，我们都是作家，不管我们是否动笔。A. trainers教练；B. sellers卖家； C. friends朋友；D. writers作家。根据后文"whether we put pen to paper or not”可知,不管我们是否动笔， 我们都是作家,后文"we are writing our own life story.v也是提示。故选D。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们做出的每一个选择，我们的每一个想法，我们采取的每一个行动，我们都在 书写自己的人生故事。A.care关心;B. action行动；C.medicine药物；D.picture图片。根据后文“wetake” 指采取的每一个行动，故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Shortly after dawn, the 680-year-old Lion Grove Garden wakes up to the sound of birds and its moist air is suffused with ascent. With a view of pavilions, early 41 (visitor) to this garden in downtown Suzhou, can feel 42 sense of Zenlike inner peace.When monks during the Yuan Dynasty first constructed this garden, they may have wanted to enjoy a quiet retreat. But this charming garden has attracted celebrity guests, 43 have left poems, paintings and44 (history) anecdotes in the following centuries.“In recent years, we've tried 45 (restore) the landscapes of classical gardens, but a delicate garden cannot be an empty shell,“ says Bai Lingzhi, deputy director of Suzhou Administrative Bureau of Garden and Landscaping. "We need creative ideas to lead people to the lifestyle 46 (advocate) by the gardens in the era J she explains.Last year, a new project was launched, 47 (allow) tourists in small groups to reserve places to enter the garden in the early morning before the regular opening time. Their visit ends up 48 making a traditional folding fan.In 1997 and 2000, nine of the best-known classical gardens of Suzhou 49 (register) onto the World Heritage List. As UNESCO remarks: "Classical Chinese garden design, which seeks to re-create natural landscapes in miniature, is nowhere 50 (well) illustrated than in the nine gardens.”【答案】41. visitors42. a 43. who44. historical#historicto restore45. advocatedallowing46. with 49. were registered. better【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是苏州园林狮子林的相关情况。【41题详解】考查名词的复数。句意：从亭台楼阁的景色中，早期来到苏州市区这个花园的游客，可以感受到一种禅意 般的内心平静。visitor是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数，故填visitors。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：从亭台楼阁的景色中，早期来到苏州市区这个花园的游客，可以感受到一种禅意般的内 心平静。a sense of ”感”，故填a。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：但这个迷人的花园吸引了名人客人，他们在接下来的几个世纪里留下了诗歌、绘画 和历史趣闻。空格处引导的是非谓语动词，从句中缺少主语，先行词guests是人，因此用关系代词who引 导定语从句，故填whoo【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：但这个迷人的花园吸引了名人客人，他们在接下来的儿个世纪里留下了诗歌、绘画和 历史趣闻。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词anecdotes, history的形容词是historical/historic,意为“历 史的"，故填 historical/historic。【45题详解】考查不定式。句意：苏州市园林绿化管理局副局长白灵芝表示：“近年来，我们试图恢复古典园林的景观，但一个精致的园林不能是一个空壳。" try to do是固定短语，意为“试图做某事”，因此空格处用不 定式 to restore, 故填 to restoreo【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她解释说：“我们需要有创意的想法，把人们引导到那个时代花园倡导的生活方 式中去。”句中谓语是need,空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词