中考复习-形容词和副词.ppt

形容词、副词形容词、副词(adj&adv)考点揭密考点揭密典型例题解析典型例题解析课时训练课时训练考点揭密考点揭密形容词形容词作作定语定语、表语表语、宾语补足语宾语补足语等的等的基本用法；基本用法；She is a clever girl.(定语定语)Our hometown is beautiful.（表语）（表语）That sounds interesting.(表语表语)The good news made us happy.(宾补宾补)1.the+adj 表示一类人表示一类人The old/young/poor/rich/disabled2.形容词修饰复合不定代词或副词时要形容词修饰复合不定代词或副词时要后置后置,Eg:something important,nothing serious，somewhere warm等；等；3.多个形容词修饰一个名词时的顺序：多个形容词修饰一个名词时的顺序：限定词（冠词限定词（冠词指示代词指示代词adj物主代词）物主代词）数词数词描绘性（形状描绘性（形状/大小大小年龄年龄/新旧新旧颜色）颜色）国籍国籍/出处出处材料性质材料性质用途用途/类别类别(限观形龄色限观形龄色国材国材)eg:a famous German medical school副词副词修饰修饰动词动词，形容词形容词和和其他副词其他副词，在，在句子中可做状语或表语句子中可做状语或表语位置位置：多数副词放在：多数副词放在动词之后动词之后，动，动词有宾语是放在词有宾语是放在宾语之后宾语之后Eg:Mike is playing happily.He can speak English well.eg:The boy works hard.Its not very hot today.Happy days pass too soon分类分类：根据副词在句中所起的作用：根据副词在句中所起的作用时间副词：时间副词：yesterday/today/tomorrow/then/now地点副词：地点副词：here,there疑问副词：疑问副词：when,where,how,why频度副词：频度副词：always,sometimes(放在行为动词之前，放在行为动词之前，be/情情v/助助v之后之后)程度副词：程度副词：very,quite连接副词：连接副词：however,thereforeenough adv&adjenough做adv修饰形容词或副词时，放在修饰词后The story is easy enough for you to read注：做adj修饰名词是放在修饰词前enough water/booksadj adv大多数副词由形容词直接加大多数副词由形容词直接加ly构成构成 careful-carefully quick-quickly以以-le结尾的去结尾的去e加加y gentle-gently possible-possibly,comfortable-comfortably terrible-terribly(特：特：true-truly)以以y结尾的将结尾的将y改为改为i+-ly。如。如:heavyheavily,luckyluckily easy-easily（特：特：shy-shyly）adj&adv同形：同形：fast,early,high,hard,late,far,wide,alone (注：注：friendly,lonely,silly为为adj)adj&adv 比较级，最高级比较级，最高级 掌握形容词副词的比较级、最高级的构成掌握形容词副词的比较级、最高级的构成,一一般规则形容词、副词比较级、最高级有四种般规则形容词、副词比较级、最高级有四种加法加法加加-er,-est,如如youngyoungeryoungest以以e结尾结尾,加加r/st,如如 largelarger-largest;原级以辅音字母原级以辅音字母+y结尾结尾,则要将则要将y改为改为i再加再加-er,-est,如如:heavyheavierheaviest;原级以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅原级以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写这个辅间字母再加音字母，要双写这个辅间字母再加-er-est,如：如：hot-hotter-hottest thin-thinner-thinnest 大多数双音节和多音节词的比较级，最高大多数双音节和多音节词的比较级，最高级是在原级前加级是在原级前加more,most,如：如：beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful;记忆口诀记忆口诀：合二为一共三对合二为一共三对,两多两多many/much”“两两好好good/well”，和两坏，和两坏“坏坏bad/badly”,“病病ill”,一分为二只两个，一是一分为二只两个，一是“远远far”来二是来二是“老老old”，far-farther/further-farthest/furthestold-older/elder-oldest/eldest 还有一词还有一词little含双义，只记含双义，只记“少少”来不记来不记“小小”。little-less-least不规则的比较级、最高级要特别记忆不规则的比较级、最高级要特别记忆,掌握形容词、副词表示比较的几种结构。掌握形容词、副词表示比较的几种结构。程度相当时用程度相当时用 as+原级原级+as.(和和.一样一样.)Eg:Mike is as tall as Tom.程度不相当程度不相当 用用“not+so/as+原级原级+as.”(不如不如.不及不及.)或比较级或比较级+thanEg:Today is not so/as hot as yesterday Today is cooler than yesterday(多音节词用多音节词用less+原级原级+than表示不如表示不如.)Eg:This movie is less interesting than that one.比较级前可用比较级前可用much,a lot,far，a little,no even 等等 词修饰比较的程度词修饰比较的程度Eg:Today is much/a little cooler than yesterday比较级比较级+and同一比较级同一比较级 表示越来越表示越来越；（多音节词：（多音节词：more and more+原级）原级）eg:warmer and warmer/better and better more and more interesting/beautiful the+比较级比较级.the+另一个比较级表示越另一个比较级表示越越越；eg:The more we get together the happier we will be.Who/Which is+比较级，比较级，A or B？the+比较级比较级 of the two.(两者中较两者中较.的一个的一个)eg:Which is better,the blue one or the black one?The longer of the two rulers is mine倍数的表达方法倍数的表达方法：A is.times as+adj原级原级+as B(A是是B的的.倍倍)eg:This garden is four times as large as that one.A is.times+adj比较级比较级+than B(A比比B 大大/多多.倍倍)eg:This garden is three times larger than that one.三者、三者以上的比较三者、三者以上的比较,一般用最高级一般用最高级;用介词用介词in/of/among短语表示比较的范围；短语表示比较的范围；eg：He is the tallest in our class.比较级形式表达最高级概念：比较级形式表达最高级概念：a:比较级比较级+than any other+单名单名(同一范围同一范围)比较级比较级+than the other+复名（同一范围）复名（同一范围）比较级比较级+than anybody/anything else(同范围同范围)eg:Shanghai is lager than any other city in China.Shanghai is lager than the other cities in China.He is taller than anyone else in our class.b:比较级比较级+than other.(不同范围不同范围)eg:The US is stronger than other developing countries.形容词的最高级前要用定冠词形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the如有其它如有其它限定词不用限定词不用the,副词的最高级前可用也可不副词的最高级前可用也可不用定冠词用定冠词the.eg:the best novel/his best novel.Jim jumped(the)highest among us.区分以下形容词和副词的用法区分以下形容词和副词的用法alone&lonely/already,yet&still/also,too,either/interesting,interested/too much,too many,much too/so,such/ago从现在起的从现在起的.以前以前”，before从过去起的从过去起的.以前以前,以以前前ill做表语，不做定语做表语，不做定语sick既能做表语也能做定语既能做表语也能做定语all+限定词限定词+名词名词&限定词限定词+whole+名词名词I visited him three days ago,but he had gone to Shanghai a week before She is ill/sick.a sick boy,the sickall the summer/the whole summer all my life/my whole life注意：dead,wrong,right,afraid,sorry,alone无比较级【例例1】Which is_ season in Beijing?I think its autumn.A.good B.better C.best D.the best典型例题解析典型例题解析【例例2】It is_today than yesterday.Shall we go swimming this afternoon?A.the hottest B.hot C.hottest D.hotterDD【例例3】Jim is running _ Bruce.Theyre neck and neck.A.faster than B.as fast as C.as faster as D.more slowly than【例例4】Her mother was out.She stayed at home_,but she didnt feel _.A.alone,lonely B.lonely,aloneC.alone,lonely D.lonely,alone BA【例例5】Is the physics problem _?Yes,I can work it out _.A.easy,easily B.easy,easy C.easily,easy D.easily,easily A I.写出下列词的比较级和最高级。写出下列词的比较级和最高级。1.badly/bad/ill 2.early 3.difficult 4.thin 5.hard 课时训练课时训练 worseworst earlierearliest more difficultmost difficult thinnerthinnest harderhardest1.I think English is as as maths.D.importanterA.important B.more important C.most important B.2.Mother gets up in my family.C.early B.earlier C.earliest D.the earlierD.3.The next morning Jenny got up even .E.early B.earlier C.earliest D.the earliestF.4.Emily sings of the five girls.G.good B.well C.better D.bestH.5.In fact,Delia is a little than her elder sister.I.tall B.taller C.tallest D.the tallestJ.6.Heidi does not jump so as Jane.K.A.high B.higher C.highest D.the highest7.Of all the stars the sun is to us.A.close B.closer C.closest D.the closestB.8.Barbara felt much than before after dark.C.cold B.colder C.coldest D.the coldestD.9.This jacket is smaller than that one but its .E.expensive B.more expensive F.C.most expensive D.the most expensiveG.10.Our country has become in the past 20 years.H.more and more rich and strong I.more richer and more stronger J.C.more rich and more strongK.D.richer and stronger11.William Shakespeare is one of play writers in England.A.great B.greater C.greatest D.the greatestB.12.-What do you think of Miss Lis teaching?C.-Oh,no one else teaches .D.good B.well C.fine D.betterE.13.The population of Japan is than that of China.F.A.fewer B.smaller C.larger D.moreG.14.The next day Jim was very wet again,and his mother H.became angrier.I.very B.more C.even D.everJ.15.Tom is more careful than any in his class.K.A.boy B.other boys C.boys D.other boy Do some exercises同义句转换同义句转换1.He is the tallest student in his class.He is _ _ _ _ student in his class.He is _ _ _ _ students in his class.2.Peter draws well,Lilei draws better.Lilei draws _ of the two.3.The tractor goes faster than the bike.The bike goes _ _ than the tractor.4.His cake is cheaper than the twins cakes.His cake is _ _ of the three.taller than any other taller than the otherbettermore slowlythe dearest