人教版七年级下册英语期末复习.ppt

一短一短语：n1befrom=comefrom来自于-n2livein居住在-3onweekends在周末n4writetosb=writealettertosb给某人写信；写信给某人5intheworld在世界上6.inChina在中国7penpal笔友n8.14yearsold14岁9.favoritesubject最喜欢的科目10theUnitedStates美国ntheUnitedKingdom英国NewYork纽11speakEnglish讲英语likeanddislike爱憎n9gotothemovies去看电影nplaysports做运动二重点句式：二重点句式：n1Wheresyourpenpalfrom?=Wheredoesyourpenpalfrom/n2Wheredoeshelive?n3Whatlanguage(s)doeshespeak?n4IwantapenpalinChina.n5IcanspeakEnglishandalittleFrench.6Pleasewriteandtellmeaboutyourself.n7Canyouwritetomesoon?n8Ilikegoingtothemovieswithmyfriendsandplayingsports.三本三本单元的国家，人民、元的国家，人民、语言言对应。n1Canada-Canadian-English/French2France-French-Frenchn3Japan-Japanese-Japanesen4Australia-Australian-Englishn5theUnitedStates-American-English6theUnitedKingdom-British-EnglishnAsking ways:(问路路)nWhereis(thenearest)？（最近的）在哪里？nCanyoutellmethewayto？你能告诉我去的路吗？nHowcanIgetto？我怎样到达呢？nIstherenearhere/intheneighborhood?附近有吗？nWhichisthewayto？哪条是去的路？Showing the ways:（指路）（指路）n1.Gostraightdown/alongthisstreet.沿着这条街一直走。n2.Turnleftatthesecondturning.在第二个路口向左转。n3.Youwillfinditonyourright.你会在你右手边发现它。n4.Itisaboutonehundredmetresfromhere.离这里大约一百米远。n5.Youdbettertakeabus.你最好坐公交车去。（Youdbetter+动词原形）三三词组n1.acrossfrom在的对面acrossfromthebank在银行的对面n2.nextto紧靠nexttothesupermarket紧靠超市n3.betweenand在和之间betweentheparkandthezoo在公园和动物园之间namong表示位于三者或三者以上之间n4.infrontof在前面Thereisatreeinfrontoftheclassroom.课室前面有棵树。ninthefrontof在（内）的前部Thereisadeskinthefrontoftheclassroom.n5.behind在后面behindmyhouse在我家后面n6.turnleft/right向左/右拐nontheleft/rightof在某物的左/右边ontheleftofourschool在我们学校的左边nononesleft/right在某人的左/右边onmyleft在我左边n7.gostraight一直走n8.down/along沿着（街道down/alongCenterStreet沿着中央街）n9.intheneighborhood=nearhere在附近10welcometo欢迎来到n11.take/haveawalk散步n12.thebeginningof的开始,前端atthebeginningof在的开始,前端inthebeginning起初，一开始n13.havefun=haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself玩得开心，过得愉快n我昨天玩得很开心。nIhadfunyesterday.nIhadagoodtimeyesterday.nIenjoyedmyselfyesterday.n14.haveagoodtrip旅途愉快n15.takeataxi坐出租车n16.到达：getto+地方ngethere/there/home到这/那/家narrivein+大地方IarriveinBeijing.arriveat+小地方Iarriveatthebank.reach+地方n17goacross从物体表面横过ngoacrossthestreet横过马路ngothrough从空间穿过ngothroughtheforest穿过树林n18on+街道的名称。nEg:onCenterStreetnat+具体门牌号+街道的名称nEg:at6CenterStreet重重难点解析点解析n1enjoydoingsth享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事Ienjoyreading.我喜爱读书。n到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy，都是要带doing.nIfinishcleaningtheroom.我扫完了这间屋子。n2hopetodosth希望做某事Ihopetopassthisexam.我希望通过这次考试。nhope+从句nIhopetomorrowwillbefine.我希望明天将会晴朗。n（从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。如tomorrowwillbefine是一个从句，它又放在Ihope的后面，形成句中有句。）n3.if引导一个表示假设的句子。nIfIhavemuchmoney,Iwillgotothemoon.如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。nIfyouarehungry,youcanbuysomefoodinthesupermarket.n如果你饿了的话，你可以在超市买一些食物。本本单元的反元的反义词、近、近义词配配对n1、newold2、quiet-busyn3、dirty-clean4、big-small重点重点词组neatgrasseatleavesbequietnveryshyverysmartverycutenplaywithherfriendskindofSouthAfricaotheranimalsnatnightinthedayeverydayduringthedayn交交际用用语nWhydoyoulikepandas?nBecausetheyreveryclever.nWhydoeshelikekoalas?nBecausetheyrekindofinteresting.nWherearelionsfrom?nTheyarefromSouthAfrica.nWhatotheranimalsdoyoulike?nIlikedogs,too.Why?nBecausetheyrefriendlyandclever.nMollylikestoplaywithherfriendsandeatgrass.6.Shesveryshy.7.HeisfromAustralia.8Hesleepsduringtheday,butatnighthegetsupandeatsleaves.9Heusuallysleepsandrelaxes20hourseveryday.10Letsseethepandasfirst.11Theyrekindofinteresting12Whatotheranimalsdoyoulike?13Whydoyouwanttoseethelions?重点重点难点点释义n1、kindof有点，稍微nKoalabearsarekindofshy.考拉有点害羞。nkind还有“种类”的意思n如：各种各样的allkindsofnWehaveallkindsofbeautifulflowersinourschool.n2、Chinan.中国African.非洲nChina和Africa都是专有名词，首字母都应该大写，而且和介词in连用。nTherearemanykindsoftigersinChina.TherearemanykindsofscaryanimalsinAfrica.n3、friendlyadj.友好的，和蔼可亲的n它是名词friend的形容词形式，常常和be动词连用,befriendly。nThepeopleinChengduareveryfriendly.n4、withprep.跟，同，和在一起nIusuallyplaychesswithmyfather.n注意区别与and的用法，and通常用于连接主语或宾语，连接主语时，n如果有I,I通常放在and之后，如：nMyfatherandIusuallyplaychesstogether.nPlaywith“和一起玩耍”“玩”nIoftenplaywithmypetdog.Dontplaywithwater!n5、day和night是一对反义词，nday表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。n通常说intheday,duringtheday,atnight。nKoalabearsoftensleepduringthedayandeatleavesatnight.n6、leafn.叶子n复数形式为：leaves,类似的变化还有：wifewives,wolfwolves,nknifeknives，scarf-scarfs(scarves)等。n7、hourn.小时；点钟hour前边通常加上冠词an表示“一个小时”，即：anhour。nThereare24hoursinadayand60minutesinanhour.n8、befrom来自befrom=comefromnPandasarefromChina.=PandascomeformChina.n9、meat n.（食用的）肉，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：muchmeatHeeatsmuchmeateveryday.n10、grass n.草，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：muchgrass。nThereismuchgrassontheplayground.语法知法知识n特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“howold”、“howmany”等开头，对某一具体问题进行提问。特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况：1.疑问句+一般疑问句结构。这是最常见的情况。例如：Whatsyourgrandfatherstelephonenumber?你爷爷的电话号码是多少？nWhoisthatboywithbigeyes?n那个大眼睛的男孩是谁？Whichseasondoyoulikebest?n你最喜欢哪个季节？nWhenishegoingtoplaythepiano?他什么时候弹钢琴？Wheredoeshelive?他住在哪儿？Howareyou?你好吗？nHowoldareyou?你多大了？Howmanybrothersandsistersdoyouhave?你有几个兄弟姐妹？2.疑问句+陈述句结构。这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语。例如：Whoisondutytoday?今天谁值日？nWhichmanisyourteacher?n哪位男士是你的老师？n我们学过的What/Howabout+名词/代词+其他？也是特殊疑问句，它是一种省略结构。n例如：nIlikeEnglish.What/Howaboutyou?n我喜欢英语。你呢？nWhataboutplayingbasketball?n打篮球怎么样？短短语：n1wanttodosth想要作某事n2givesbsth=givesthtosb给某人某物/把某物给某人n3helpsbdosth帮助某人作某事Eg:Iwanttohelpmymotherdosomehouseworkathome.n4helpsbwithsth帮助某人谋事Eg:Iwanttohelpmymotherwithsomehouseworkathomen5intheday在白天6atnight在晚上n7talkwith/tosb和-谈话n8bebusydoingsth忙于做某事nEg:Heisbusylisteningtotheteacher.n9inahospital在医院10work/studyhard努力工11EveningNewspaper晚报重点句式及注意事重点句式及注意事项：n1询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式What+is/are+sb?Eg.Whatisyourmother?What+does/do+sb+do?Eg.Whatdoeshisbrotherdo?nWhat+is/are+名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+job?Eg.whatisyourjob?n2Peoplegivemetheirmoneyorgettheirmoneyfromme.n3SometimesIworkinthedayandsometimesatnight.n4Iliketalkingtopeople.n5Iworklate.Imverybusywhenpeoplegoouttodinners.n6Wheredoesyoursisterwork?n7thenwehaveajobforyouasawaiter.n8Doyouwanttoworkforamagazine?nThencomeandworkforusasareporter.n9Doyouliketoworkeveningsandweekends?n10Weareaninternationalschoolforchildrenof5-12.本本单元中的名元中的名词复数复数:n1policeman-policemenn2womandoctor-womendoctorsn3thief-thievesn4.appletree-appletrees现在在进行行时n现在在进行行时的用法的用法 表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作n现在在进行行时时间状状语及及标志性志性词n1now 现在n2atthemoment 现在n3look 看（后面有明显的“！”）n4listen听（后面有明显的“！”）n现在分在分词的构成的构成n一般在动词结尾处加ing Eg:gogoinglook-lookingn以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去e加ing。Eg:writewritingclose-closingn以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个字母，再加ing.nEg:getgettingrunrunning(swim,run,put,get,sit,begin)现在在进行行时的构成的构成:n肯定句:主语+助动词am/is/are+doing+其他+时状.Eg:Heisdoinghishomeworknow.n否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+doing+其他+时状.Eg:Heisnotdoinghishomeworknow.n一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+doing+其他+时状？Eg:Ishedoinghishomeworknow?n肯定回答：Yes,主语+am/is/areEgYes,heis.n否定回答：No,主语+amnot/isnt/arentEg:No,heisnt.n短短语：n1dooneshomework做某人的作业dohousework做家务n2talkonthephone在电话里交谈，talkabout谈论talkto(with)sb和某人交谈n3writealetter写信writealettertosb给某人写信n4playwith和一起玩n5watchTV看电视TVshow电视节目n6waitforsb/sth等待某人/某物n7someof中的一些n8inthefirstphoto在第一张照片里（介词用in,序数词前面有the）ninthelastphoto在最后一张照片里aphotoofonesfamily某人的家庭照片n9atthemall在购物街at/inthelibrary在图书室at/inthepool在游泳池n10readabook=readbooks=dosomereading看书阅读n11thanksfor=thankyoufor为某事而感谢（后接动词要用ving）n重点句式及注意事重点句式及注意事项：n他正在干什么？Whatishedoing?n他正在吃饭。Heiseatingdinner.n他正在哪里吃饭？Whereisheeatingdinner他正在家里吃饭。Heiseatingdinnerathome.n你想什么时候去？Whendoyouwanttogo?让我们六点钟去吧。Letsgoatsixoclock.n他正在等什么？Whatishewaitingfor?n他正在等公交车。Heiswaitingforabus.n他们正在和谁说话？Whoaretheytalkingwith?n他们正在和MissWu说话。TheyaretalkingwithMissWu.你们正在谈论什么？Whatareyoutalkingabout?我们正在谈论天气。Wearetalkingabouttheweather.他们都正在去上学。Theyareallgoingtoschool.这儿是一些我的照片。Herearesomeofmyphotos.n这儿是一些肉。Hereissomeofmeat.(someofmeat不可数，故用is)谢谢你帮我买这本书。Thankyouforhelpingmebuythisbook.n9family家；家庭。强调“整体”，是单数；强调“成员”时，是复数。nHisfamilyhasashower.他们家有一个淋浴。nHisfamilyarewatchingTV.他全家在看电视。n一短一短语：n1takephotos/pictures照像2takephotos/picturesofsb/sth给某人或某物照相n3haveagoodtimehavefunhaveagreattame玩得愉快n4workforsb/sth为某人工作nEg:YuanYuanworksforCCTVsAroundTheWorldshown5onvacation度假Eg:Therearemanypeoplehereonvacation.n6someothers一些另外一些onetheothers一个另一个（两者之间）nEg:Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.Somearewriting,othersarereading.n7puton穿上（动作）wear穿着（状态）E.g.:Tomisputtingonhiscoatnow.n8onthebeach在沙滩上nEg:Tomandhisfamilyareplayingonthebeachatthismoment.n9thisgroupofpeople这一群人n重点句型重点句型n1Howistheweather?天气怎么样？Intheraining.在下雨。2Whatareyoudoing?你正在做什么？ImwatchingTV.我在看电视。3Whataretheydoing?他们在做什么？Theyarestudying.他们在学习。4Whatishedoing?他在做什么？Heisplayingbasketball.他在打篮球。5Whatisshedoing?她在做什么？Sheiscooking.她在做饭。n重重难点解析点解析 n1、询问天气情况的句式：(横线内容可替换)nHowistheweatherinBeijing?(Howistheweathertoday?)nWhatstheweatherlikeinBeijing?(Whatstheweatherliketoday?)n2、回答上面问题的句式：nIts+adj.(形容词)Eg:Itswindy.n3、Howsitgoing(withyou)?Notbad.Great!Terrible!Prettygood.n4、ThankyouforjoiningCCTVsAroundTheWordshow.n5、Iamsurprisedtheycanplayinthisheat.n6、Everyoneishavingagoodtime.n7、Peoplearewearinghatsandscarfs.nwear指穿衣服的状态。puton指穿衣服的动作。Pleaseputonyouroldclothesn谈论天气的日常用天气的日常用语n1.Itssunny/rainy/cloudy.今天是晴天/雨天/阴天。2.Lovelyweather,isntit?天气真好，是吗？n3.Itlookslikerain.看起来要下雨。n4.Itsrainingcatsanddogs.正是瓢泼大雨。5.Itseemstobecleaningup.天似乎要转晴。6.Itsblowinghard.风刮得很大。7.Itssnowingheavily.正在下大雪。8.Thesnowwontlastlong.雪不会持续太久。9.Itsveryfoggy.雾很大。10.Thefogisbeginningtolift.正在收雾n11.Itsthunderingandlightening.雷电交加。12.Whatstheweatherliketoday?今天天气怎么样？13.Whatstheweatherreportfortomorrow?天气预报明天怎么样？14.Itsquitedifferentfromtheweatherreport.这和天气预报相差很大。15.Itsratherchangeable.天气变化无常。16.Whatsthetemperature?温度是多少？17.Itstwobelowzero.零下二度。n18.Thetemperaturehasdroppedalottoday.今天温度低多了n短短语n1.looklike看起来像.n2.curly/short/straight/longhair卷短直发n3.mediumheight/build中等高度身体n4.alittlebit一点儿n5.apopsinger一位流行歌手n6.haveanewlook呈现新面貌n7.goshopping(dosomeshopping)去购物n8.thecaptainofthebasketballteam篮球队队长n9.bepopularwithsb为-所喜爱n10.oneof-中的一个n11.stoptodosth停下来去做某事n12.stopdoingsth停止正在做的事情n13.telljokes/stories讲笑话/讲故事n14.havefundoingsth愉快地做某事n15.remember(forget)todosth记得（忘记）做某事（没有做的）n16.remember(forget)doingsth记得（忘记）做过某事（已做）n本本单元的重点句：元的重点句：n1.Isthatyourfriend?No,itisnt.n2.Whatdoesshelooklike?n3.IthinkIknowher.(IdontthinkIknowher.)4.WangLinisthecaptainofthebasketballteam.n5.Shesa little bitquiet(形容词).n6.XuQianlovestotelljokes.n7.Sheneverstopstalking.n8.Shelikesreadingandplayingchess.n9.Idontthinkhessogreat.n10.Icangoshoppingandnobodyknowsme.n重重难点解析点解析 n1.Whatdoes/do+主语+looklike?询问某人的外貌特征，看上去什么样？nEg:Whatdoesyourfriendlooklike?n2.形容头发时，可按照先长短，后曲直，最后说颜色的顺序说。(长形色)nEg:Shehaslongcurlyblackhair.n3.oneof+名词复数，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。nEg:Oneofhisfriendsisaworker.n4.不定代词做主语时，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。修饰不定代词词，应该放在它的后面nEg:Icangoshoppingandnobodyknowsme.n5Heis(通常为形容词，包括身高、体形等)nHehas（通常为形容词修饰的名词，包括头发、五官）nHewears（穿、戴、留。可以是衣服、帽子、鞋子等，也可以是眼镜、手表、胡须）n6Idontthink的用法表达否定的看法Idontthinksheisgood-looking.(否定主观态度)n短短语n1beefandtomatonoodlesnoodleswithbeefandtomato牛肉西红柿面nchickenandcabbagenoodlesmuttonandpotatonoodlesntomatoandeggnoodlesbeefandcarrotnoodlesn2wouldliketodosthwanttodos.th想要作某事n3whatkindofnoodles什么种类的面条n4whatsizebowlofnoodles什么大小碗型的面n5alargemediumsmallbowlofnoodles大中小碗的面n6icecream冰淇淋orangejuice桔汁greentea绿茶RMB人民币phonenumbern7HouseofDumplingsnoodles饺子面馆DessertHouse甜点屋n重点句型重点句型n1Whatkindofvegetablesmeatdrinkfoodwouldyoulike?nIdlikeIdlikechickenandcabbagenoodles.n2.Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?Idlikebeefnoodles.n3.Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?Idlikechickenandcabbagenoodles.nWhatsizebowlplateofnoodleswouldyoulike?Idlikealargemediumsmallbowlnoodles.n6.Whatsizecakewouldyoulike?Iwouldlikeasmallbirthday-cake.n重重难点解析点解析n1wouldlike想要（表示一种委婉的语气）其用法相当于want.wouldlike+名词wouldlikeanapple(wantanapple)wouldliketodosthHewouldliketoplaysoccer.-Wouldyouliketoseethedolphins?-Yes,Idliketo.n（1）would是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，可与人称代词缩写为d,与其它情态动词一样可帮助完成疑问句和否定句。（你能举出例子吗？）我想要些牛肉。Idlikesomebeef.n她想去打乒乓球。Shewouldliketoplayping-pang.（你能变否定句和疑问句吗？）n（2)Wouldyoulikesth.?是提建议的一种句型，如需用一些，用some而不用any.n肯定回答是：Yes,please./Allright./Yes./OK.其否定回答是：No,thanks.nWhatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?nkind在此句中作“种类”讲，nakindof一种，nallkindsof各种各样的。nkindof有几分nAcatisakindofanimal.nThereareallkindsofanimalsinthezoonThecatiskindofsmart.n3CanIhelpyou?你要买什么?n肯定Yes,please.Iwouldliken否定No,thanks.n短短语n1.play+运动playsoccerplaytennisplaysportsnplaythe+乐器playtheguitarnplaywith和某人物玩耍n2have+三餐nhavebreakfastlunchsuppern3.studyforcleantheroomvisitsbnstayathomehaveapartytalkshown4gotothebeachgotothemoviesgoforawalkgotothemountainsn5goshoppingdosomeshoppinggototheshop买东西n6lastweekendovertheweekend上周末onweekends每周末n7on+某日morningafternoonevening(或具体的某一天)in+morningafternooneveningnin+世纪年月季节nat+时刻last(next)monthyearweekn8whataboutnv-ingpren=howabout呢n9.spendtheweekendlastweek度过上周的周末n10itstimetodosthitstimeforsth该做么的时候了11lookfor寻找重点句型和重点句型和语法法n1一般过去时n表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与过去的时间状语连用:yesterday,lastweek(month,year)n（1）系动词be的过去时:am(is)was,areweren陈述句：Hewasathomeyesterday.n否定句：Hewasntathomeyesterday.n疑问句：Washeathomeyesterday?Yes,hewas./No,hewasnt.n（2）行为动词的一般过去时:n陈述句：主语+动词过去式+其它Igotothemovie.Iwenttothemovie.n否定句：主语+助动词didnt+动词原形+其Idontgotoschooltoday.Ididntgotoschool.n一般疑问句：nDid+主语+动词原形+其它Doyouhavebreakfast?Didyouhavebreakfast?nYes,Ido./No,Idont.Yes,Idid./No,Ididnt.规则动词的过去式变化规则n1一般在词尾加ed.playplayedn2以不发音的e结尾的，只加-d.likelikedloveloved3以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i,再加ed.studystudiedcarrycarried4以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edstopstoppedplanplannedn动词不规则变化：ndodidhavehadgowentnseesawreadreadgetgotngivegavesleepslepteatatenwritewrotefind_-foundn就日期提问：nwhatsthedatetoday?ItsnWhatwasthedateyesterday?Itwas就星期提问：Whatdayisittoday?nWhatstheweatherliketoday?Its?Howwasyourweekend?n6Whatdidshedo?Shedidherhomeworkn7Whatdidhedolastweekend?Heplayedsoccern8Itstimetogohome=Itstimeforhomen短短语goonvacationgotosummercampstayathomestudyforexamsCentralParkshowsthtosbhelphimfindhisfatherwalkbacktogoshoppingthePalaceMuseumthinkofhavefundoingsthbustriptheGreatWallTiananMenSquareaBeijingHutongmakesbdosthdecidetodosthalldayn重点句子和注意事重点句子和注意事项n1Wheredidyougoonvacation?Iwenttosummercamp.nWheredidtheygoonvacation?TheywenttoNewYorkCity.nWheredidhegoonvacation?Hestayedathome.nWheredidshegoonvacation?Shevisitedheruncle.n2Didyou/he/she/theygotoCentralPark?Yes,I/he/she/theydid.No,I/he/she/theydidnt.n3Howwerethemovies?Theywerefantasticn4havefundoingsomething干某事有乐趣enjoyoneselfdoingsomethingnWehavefunlearningandspeakingEnglish.nWeenjoyourselveslearningandspeakingEnglish.我们学英语有很多乐趣n5findsb.doingsth.发现某人在干某事findsb.dosth.发现某人干过某事nIfindhimreadingthenovel(小说）.Ifoundhimgointotheroom.n6corner角落，角，拐角处ninthecorner在角落里（指在建筑物里面）natthecorner在拐角处（指在建筑物外面或道路的拐角）nMybikeisatthecorner.n7belost迷路了getlost,lost(adj.)Thegirlwaslostinthebigcity.n8helpsb.(to)dosth.helpsbwithsth帮助某人干某事nHealwayshelpsuslearnEnglishn9.makesb.dosth.让使某人干某事let/havesb.dosth.do前不带tonThemoviemakesmerelaxing.nLettheboydohishomeworkalone.n10.feel+adj.感到Ifeelhungry/tired/happy/excitedn11.decidetodosth.决定干某事TheydecidedtogotoHainanonvacation.n词组n1TVshows（电视节目）nsoapoperasitcomacomedynanactionmovieadocumentarynathrillercartoonBeijingOperanAnimalWorldgameshownCCTVNewsNewsin30MinutesnManandNatureAroundChinantalkshowsportsshownCultureChinan2writeanarticlefortheschoolmagazine.给学校杂志写一篇文章3athirteen-year-oldboy.一个十三岁的男孩4wearcolorfulclothes.穿着颜色鲜艳的衣服5interviewsb.采访某人infact.实际上6.wearscarves.戴着围巾7.thinkof想起，考虑到n重点句型n1.Whatdoyouthinkofsoapoperas?Icantstandthem.2.Whatdoyouthinkof