新视野视听说第三册.pptx

Watchavideoclip.Workingroupstodiscussthefollowingquestions.第1页/共52页1.Whatdoyouthinkmayaccountforthenaturaldisasterinthevideoclip?2.Whatdoyouthinkmightbethecausesofwhatwashappeninginthevideoclip?第2页/共52页Workinpairsandidentifytheextremeweatherassociatedwiththefollowingpictures.ThensharewhatyouknowabouttheExtremeWeatherwithyourpartner.lightening and thunderstormshailtornadoesflash floodshurricaneswinter storms第3页/共52页Work in groups to discuss the following questions.1.Have you witnessed any changes of the environment in your hometown?2.What do you think is the relationship between the climate and environment?3.Do you know some other climate disasters caused by the pollution of environment?第4页/共52页microscopen.显微镜(anopticalinstrumentthatproducesmagnifiedimagesofsmallobjects)ElNio厄尔尼诺现象droughtn.干旱(alongperiodofdryweatherwhenthereislittleornorain)e.g.Freshvegetableswerescarceduringthedrought.greenhouseeffect温室效应(thegradualwarmingoftheairsurroundingtheEarthasaresultofheatbeingtrappedbypollution)e.g.Carbondioxideemissioncontributestogreenhouseeffect.BasicListeningPractice第5页/共52页harnessv.利用（或控制）以产生能量等(controlandusethenaturalforceorpowerofsomething)e.g.Theproblemwashowtoharnesstheseforces.hazardn.危险(danger;risk)e.g.Hehadputhisownlifeinhazard.CFC含氟氯烃(agasusedinfridgesandaerosolcans,harmfultotheozonelayer)aerosoln.喷雾器(acontainerinwhichliquidsarekeptunderpressureandforcedoutinspray)BasicListeningPractice第6页/共52页Questionsandkey1.Q:Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothedialog?B)EvenscientistscannotunderstandElNio.2.Q:Howdothemanandthewomanviewtheenvironment?D)Boththemanandthewomanthinkpositivelyaboutit.3.Q:WhathavetheChinesepeoplebeenencouragedtodo?A)Togrowtrees.4.Q:Whataregovernmentorganizationshelpingpeopletodo?A)Totreatoldelectricalappliancessafely.5.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?C)Thewomanshouldnotuseanaerosolspray.BasicListeningPractice第7页/共52页 Weshouldhaveproperrespectfornature!Martha玛莎人名Ed艾德人名litterv.乱扔垃圾(leaverubbishinpublicplaces)e.g.Dontlitterthepaperoverthefloor.trashn.垃圾(somethingworthlittleornothing)e.g.Pleasetakeoutthetrash.Listeningin第8页/共52页WhilebeinginterviewedbyMartha,Edsaidmorepeopleinhisculturerespect(1)_nowthaneverbefore.Whenaskedaboutthemostserious(2)_intheworldtoday,hementionedthedamagedozonelayerandthe(3)_inbigcities.Edlearnedaboutenvironmentalproblemsatschool.AlotofclubsandsomeTVprograms(4)_environmentalsafety.Hebelievesthatstudentsshouldlearnmoreabouttheenvironmentatschool.Thentheycanbemore(5)_alltheproblemsandpreventmoreproblems(6)_.Whenaskedaboutanew(7)_hewouldliketocreatetohelptheenvironment,hesaidthatwhenpeople(8)_theircigarettebutts,theyhavetothrowthemintothegarbagebin.Theyshouldbe(9)_iftheythrowthemonthefloororground.Personally,Edissoagainstlitteringthatheneverlitters.Healwaysthrowshis(10)_intothegarbagebin.KeynatureenvironmentalproblempollutionpromoteawareoffromoccurringlawthrowawayfinedtrashListeningin第9页/共52页RiverPollutiondiscolorv.使变色(causesomethingtochangecolor)e.g.Thismaterialmaydiscolorifexposedtodirectsunlight.smellyadj.臭的(havingabadsmell;stinking)e.g.Thetoiletsinthatrestaurantwerehorriblysmellyanddirty.fertilizern.肥料(asubstancethatisputonthesoiltomakecropsgrow)e.g.Getsomemorefertilizerforthegarden.drainv.排水(flowaway)e.g.Theyarediggingtrenchestodrainthewateraway.Listeningin第10页/共52页RiverPollutionconcentrationn.浓度;含量(theamountofasubstanceinaliquid)e.g.Althoughallplantsnormallycontainfluorine,theconcentrationvariesgreatly.nitraten.硝酸盐;硝酸盐类化肥phosphaten.磷酸盐;磷肥algaen.（复数）水藻bacterian.（复数）细菌(germs)pollutantn.污染物(apollutingsubstance)cyaniden.氰化物leadn.铅Listeningin第11页/共52页RiverPollutionmercuryn.汞,水银toxicadj.有毒的(poisonous)e.g.Thefactoryhadaccidentallyreleasedaquantityoftoxicwasteintothesea.filmn.薄膜;薄薄一层(athinlayer)e.g.Thisfilmofwaterisaboutfivemilesthickatitsdeepestpart.dissolvev.溶解(mixwithaliquidandbecomepartofit)e.g.Bothsaltandsugardissolveeasilyinwater.Listeningin第12页/共52页Questionsandkey1.Q:Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?D)Thecausesofriverpollution.2.Q:Whydoestheriverwaterturngreen?A)Becausenitrateandphosphateinthewaterincrease.3.Q:Whatharmdoesindustrialwastecause?B)Poisoning.4.Q:Whichofthefollowingistrueofoilpollution?C)Itpreventsoxygenfromenteringthewater.5.Q:Whatharmcanwarmwaterinariverbring?D)Lackofoxygen.Listeningin第13页/共52页PollutionsWhenhouseholdsandfactoriesdumpsewerageandharmfulsubstancesintoriversandlakes,waterpollutioncanbeserious.Airpollutionmayworsenastheeconomydevelops.Ifthesmokefromthefactorychimneysdoesnotmeetenvironmentalstandards,itpollutestheair.Also,theincreasingnumberofcarsbringsfurtherdeteriorationtothequalityoftheair.Thecigarettespeoplesmokealsocontributetothepollution.Listeningin第14页/共52页carbon dioxide n.二氧化碳per unit of GDP 单位GDP(perunitofgrossdomesticproduct)the National Energy Administration 国家能源局harmonious adj.和谐的(witheachpartfittingwellwithotherparts)e.g.Thereisnothingmoreharmonious,moresymmetrical,thanthisgroupofstructures.priority n.优先权;重点(therighttobegivenattentionfirst)e.g.Therearegreatdangersingivingabsoluteprioritytoanydepartment.low-carbonadj.低碳的e.g.Butouroptionsforlow-carbonenergysourcesarelimited.hydroelectricadj.水力发电的(producingelectricitybywaterpower)e.g.Plansarebeingdrawnuptobuildahydroelectricstationhere.CurbingcarbonemissionsListeningin第15页/共52页capacity n.生产量(theamountofsomethingthatafactory,company,machine,etc.canproduceordealwith)e.g.Isthismanufacturingcostbasedonproductionfiguresatfullcapacity?kilowatt n.千瓦（功率单位）non-fossil adj.非化石的shutdown v.关闭(closedown)e.g.Thebestradiochannelintownisindirectlyforcedtoshutdown.curb v.抑制(controlorlimitsomethinginordertopreventitfromhavingaharmfuleffect)e.g.Democraticelectionandpublicopinionsupervisionhelpcurbcorruption.Curbingcarbonemissions第16页/共52页1.Q:Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?D)Cuttingthecarbondioxideemissions:Chinasachievementsandproblems.2.Q:FromfouryearsagountilAugustthisyear,howmanykilowattsofcoal-firedplantcapacitywillhavebeenclosed?D)Morethan70million.3.Q:By2020,whatwillbetheproportionofnon-fossilenergyinthetotalpowerinChina?A)15%.4.Q:WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheinvestmentbyChinaandtheUnitedStatesincleanenergylastyear?B)ChinasinvestmentwasalmosttwiceaslargeastheUnitedStates.5.Q:WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasaproblemarisingfromcurbinggreenhousegasemissions?C)Causingmorestrikes.QuestionsandkeyListeningin第17页/共52页Environment calendarFebruary 2 World Wetland Day世界湿地日March 21World Forestry Day世界森林日March 22World Water Day世界水日March 23World Meteorological Day世界气象日April 7World Health Day世界健康日April 18World Heritage Day世界遗产日April 22Earth Day地球日May 31Anti Tobacco Day禁烟日(Tobecontinued)Listeningin第18页/共52页Environment calendarJune 5World Environment Day世界环境日July 11World Population Day世界人口日September 16World Ozone Day世界臭氧日September 28Green Consumer Day绿色消费者日October 3World Habitat Day世界居住日October 1-7World Wildlife Week世界野生动植物周October 4World Animal Welfare Day世界动物福利日October 13International Day for Natural Disaster Reduction国际减少自然灾害日(Continued)Listeningin第19页/共52页Our globe is in danger.humid adj.潮湿的(moist;damp)e.g.Intheeast,theairishumidinsummer.panel n.板(aflatrectangularpieceofglass,wood,metal,etc.)trap v.挡住(preventsomethingsuchasgasorwaterfromgettingaway)e.g.Thisiscalledthegreenhouseeffect,andthegasesthattraptheheataregreenhousegases.carbon monoxide n.一氧化碳SpeakingOut第20页/共52页ScriptJohn:Howisyourgrandma(1)_?Nora:Overthelastfewyears,grannyhasbeencomplainingthat(2)_.Shebelievestheweatherhaschanged.John:Whatshemeansistheclimateslong-termconditions.Weatherrefersonlytoday-to-dayconditions.Nora:Yeah.Shesayssummerishotter,andwinterwetter.ButItriedtocomforther,saying,“Itsallinyourmind,granny.”John:Shesright,youknow.Thegreenhouseeffect(3)_.(Tobecontinued)gettingalongduringthisunusuallyhotweatherthehot,humidweatheriskillingherdoesbringglobalwarmingandrainSpeakingOut第21页/共52页Script(Continued)Nora:HowcanIexplainglobalwarmingandgreenhousegasestoa97-year-oldgranny?John:TellhertheEarthnowislikearealgreenhousemadeofglasspanelsthatletinlightandtrapheat.Nora:ThinkshellwanttoknowthatcarbonmonoxidefromEarthmakesgreenhousegases?John:(4)_.Nora:Illtellgranny(5)_,ortouseaerosolsprayonherhair.John:OK.Jokeaboutit,butitwontbesofunnywhen(6)_.Everybodyshouldknowwhatcausesglobalwarming.OtherwisewewontstopitnottoburnanymorewoodorcoalthepolaricecapsmeltandoceansriseSpeakingOut第22页/共52页Global warmingGlobalwarmingistheincreaseintheaveragetemperatureoftheEarthsnear-surfaceairandoceansinrecentdecadesanditsprojectedcontinuation.Theterm“globalwarming”isaspecificexampleofthebroaderterm“climatechange”,whichcanalsorefertoglobalcooling.Incommonusagethetermreferstorecentwarmingandimpliesahumaninfluence.SpeakingOut第23页/共52页Rainforestswillsoonbeonlyamemory.donationn.捐赠(somethinggiventoapersonoranorganizationinordertohelpthem)e.g.Illbesendingthemadonationinappreciationoftheirhelp.dense adj.稠密的;浓密的(withalotofthingsthatarecloselytogether)e.g.Thecityhasadensemanufacturingpopulation.vegetation n.植物(plantsofanareaoraregion)e.g.Thesparsevegetationwillonlyfeedasmallpopulationofanimals.Alaska阿拉斯加州（美国州名）logger n.伐木者(apersonwhocutstrees)SpeakingOut第24页/共52页Susan:Hey,Chris.Thereisanenvironmentalgrouponcampus(1)_.Chris:Sowhat?Susan:Sowhat?!Dontyouwanttosavetherainforests?Chris:Butthererenorainforestsinourcountry.(2)_.Susan:Comeon.Arainforestisanyforestwhere(3)_.Tropicalrainforestscanbefoundinhot,tropicalareas,buttherearealsocoolrainforests,includingoneinsoutheastAlaska.Chris:Howdidyouknowthat?Script(Tobecontinued)askingfordonationstosavetherainforestsTheyneedhot,tropicalclimatesheavyrainfallleadstodensevegetationSpeakingOut第25页/共52页(Continued)Susan:Well,Ivejustreadabookonrainforests.Youknow,140millionpeopleliveintheworldsrainforests,and35percentoftheworlds(4)_.Chris:Wow!Imimpressed.Sowhatelsehaveyoulearned?Susan:Mostoftheworldsrainforests(5)_loggers,farmersanddevelopers.Theyaredisappearingatarateof100acresaminute!Chris:Itsterrible!Susan:Yeah.Wevegotto(6)_.Now,wouldyouliketogiveadonation?Chris:Sure.ScriptplantandanimalspeciesexistonlyinrainforestsareindangerofdestructionbyfindawaytosavethemSpeakingOut第26页/共52页RainforestsRainforestsareforestscharacterizedbyhighrainfall,withdefinitionsbasedonaminimumnormalannualrainfallof1750-2000mm(68-78inches).Themonsoontrough,alternativelyknownastheintertropicalconvergencezone,playsasignificantroleincreatingtheclimaticconditionsnecessaryfortheEarthstropicalrainforests.Around40%to75%ofallbioticspeciesareindigenoustotherainforests.Ithasbeenestimatedthattheremaybemanymillionsofspeciesofplants,insectsandmicroorganismsstillundiscoveredintropicalrainforests.Tropicalrainforestshavebeencalledthe“jewelsoftheEarth”andthe“worldslargestpharmacy”,becauseoveronequarterofnaturalmedicineshavebeendiscoveredthere.Rainforestsarealsoresponsiblefor28%oftheworldsoxygenturnover,sometimesmisnamedoxygenproduction,processingitthroughphotosynthesisfromcarbondioxideandconsumingitthroughrespiration.SpeakingOut第27页/共52页Whataterriblesandstorm!Mongolia n.蒙古国airborne adj.空中传播的(carriedthroughtheair)e.g.Also,ithelpstopreventdustandotherairbornecontaminatesfromflowingintotheroom.afforestation n.植树造林(theactofplantingtreesinordertomakeaforest)e.g.Wehavedecidedtotransformthemountainsbyafforestation.SpeakingOut第28页/共52页Susan:Hey,John.Youreback.Afewdaysago,(1)_.John:Oh,thatsbad.Susan:(2)_.Ihadtowearascarfaroundmyhead.John:Thedust,asIknow,comesfromMongolia.Andfrommyreadinginscience,Iveheardthedustoften(3)_.Susan:Thisisaseriousprobleminmanypartsoftheworld,andunfortunatelyourcityisoneofthem.Script(Tobecontinued)abigsandstormhitourcityTheairwasfullofdirtandsandanddustcomesafteralongperiodofdroughtSpeakingOut第29页/共52页(Continued)John:Andifthedroughtcontinues,thesoiliseasilyairborne.Andthenifthewindcomes,(4)_onthecoldairthatrisesup,anditcantravelverylongdistances.Susan:Normally,whentheresawind,itcancleartheair,andyouhavebeautifulweather.Butwhenthedustisbroughtinwiththewind,thenyoucantbreathe,youcantseewell,anditsdangerousfordriving,orforwalking.Script(Tobecontinued)thesoilcanbeliftedupSpeakingOut第30页/共52页(Continued)John:Yeah.Youknow,whenthedustisliftedup,itcangoashighas3,000meters.AnditsnotjustChinathathasproblems,butmanyothercountries.Forexample,themiddleofAustraliasometimeshasduststorms,andsomeofthedustgoesupveryhigh,goesacrosstheocean,andfallsdownonNewZealand.Susan:Notaveryniceneighbor.John:Isthereasolutiontotheproblem?Susan:Weneedto(5)_sothatthesoilcanstaywhereitis.John:Nowonderthegovernmentis(6)_.ScriptplantmoretreesandgrasslaunchinganewforestationprograminabidtoaddresstheenvironmentalproblemSpeakingOut第31页/共52页SandstormAduststormorsandstormisameteorologicalphenomenoncommoninaridandsemi-aridregions.Duststormsarisewhenagustfrontorotherstrongwindblowsloosesandanddirtfromadrysurface.Particlesaretransportedbysaltationandsuspension,aprocessthatmovessoilfromoneplaceanddepositsitinanother.TheSaharaanddrylandsaroundtheArabianpeninsulaarethemainterrestrialsourcesofairbornedust,withsomecontributionsfromIran,PakistanandIndiaintotheArabianSea,andChinassignificantstormsdepositdustinthePacific.(Tobecontinued)SpeakingOut第32页/共52页(Continued)Ithasbeenarguedthatrecently,poormanagementoftheEarthsdrylands,suchasneglectingthefallowsystem,areincreasingduststormsfromdesertmarginsandchangingboththelocalandglobalclimate,andalsoimpactinglocaleconomies.Thetermsandstormisusedmostofteninthecontextofdesertsandstorms,especiallyintheSahara,orplaceswheresandisamoreprevalentsoiltypethandirtorrock,when,inadditiontofineparticlesobscuringvisibility,aconsiderableamountoflargersandparticlesareblownclosertothesurface.Thetermduststormismorelikelytobeusedwhenfinerparticlesareblownlongdistances,especiallywhentheduststormaffectsurbanareas.SpeakingOut第33页/共52页Watch a video clip.Work in groups to discuss the following questions.1.Whatisthevideoclipabout?2.Whatmighthappenifalltheicemelted?3.Whatmightbethecausesfortheproblem?SpeakingOut第34页/共52页inspirationaladj.有抱负的(withaspirationorambition)e.g.Itis,inmyopinion,oneofthemostinspirationalmathematicsbooksIveeverread.fluffyadj.空洞的(empty,meaningless)e.g.Thereisanironwillunderlyingthatsoftandfluffyfacade.emissionn.排放物(agasorothersubstancethatissentintotheair)e.g.Onesetofprovisionstightensemissionstandards.LetsTalk第35页/共52页scenarion.情景(asituationthatcouldpossiblyhappen)e.g.Themorelikelyscenarioisthatthepresidentwillresignandanelectionwillbeheld.hollowadj.空的(havingaholeoremptyspaceinside)e.g.Theboysscrapedoutahollowplaceforplantingtrees.shelln.壳(thehardoutercovering)channelv.为引资;引导(controlordirectmoney,energy,etc.towardaparticularpurpose)e.g.Channelallyoureffortsintothisoneproject,andyouwillsucceed.LetsTalk第36页/共52页ScriptandkeyMan 1:Well,itsinspirationallanguagewhichisniceandlovelyandfluffy,but(1)_,andsoitsreallyhardtotaketothebank.Imean,peopleslivesareonthelineinthedevelopingworldwhereweareseeingtheimpactsfeltfirstandforemost.Andobviously(2)_.(3)_andthatsabigproblem.On-screen text:WindFarmThisisagreatphotoopforalltheworldleaders,butif(4)_,itreallydoesntmeanmuchattheendoftheday.?(tobecontinued)bdoesntreallyactuallycommitanyonetodoinganythingatheatmospheresimplycanttakethekindofemissionswevebeenseeinginthebusiness-as-usualscenarioandtheresnorealcommitmenttochangethathTheresnorealcommitment