新概念第二册第21课课件73097.pptx
New words1 mad md a.发疯2 reason ri:zn n.原因3 sumsm n.量4 determined dit:mind a.坚定的，下决心的第1页/共27页madadj发疯的1.be mad 发疯，发狂（强调状态）2.“为而疯狂（着迷）”的表示方法：be mad about Im mad about English.be crazy about go mad 发疯，发狂（强调转变）go crazy go insane （insaneinsein adj.患精神病的，精神病患者的，极愚蠢的）go bananas （go+adj.变得)They are going bananas.=going crazy=going mad(变疯了)I slowly go insane/go crazy/go mad/go bananas.3.be mad at sb 生某人的气4.drive sb mad 逼疯第2页/共27页reason1)n.原因forthisreason由于这个原因Forthisreason,Iwaslate.由于这个原因，我迟到了。forsomereason由于某个原因(some:某一个，加可数名词单数)giveareason提出理由therootreason根本原因thereasonisthat理由是thereasonwhyisthat的理由是eg.ThereasonwhyIstudyEnglishisthatIenvythosewhospeakEnglishwell.我学习英语的理由是我羡慕那些讲英语很好的人。第3页/共27页2)理性，正常心智eg.Onlymanhasreason.只有人类才有理性。loseonesreason丧失理智beyondallreasons毫无道理bringapersontoreason使（某人）明白道理，使不做糊涂事reasonableadj.合情合理的，良好的，尚可的atareasonableprice以合理的价格cause导致某事发生的起因thecauseofthefire大火的起因eg.Smokingisoneofthecausesoflungcancer.吸烟是肺癌的起因之一。第4页/共27页sumn.量alargesumof:大量的，喜欢跟钱连用一大笔钱alargesumofmoney第5页/共27页sumn.量表“许多”的短语：a great many+pl.a great/large number of+pl.an amount of(money)a(large)sum of(money)修饰货币n.大意，要旨the sum of a speech 演讲大意sum up(1)合计 sum up all the expenses 把所有的花费加起来 (2)总结，概括eg.To sum up,he agrees with us.总的来说，他同意我们的观点。in sum=in a word/in short/in brief 总之，要言之第6页/共27页determinedadj坚定的，下决心的determinevt.决定，确定，影响determineadateforameeting确定开会的日期determineonsth决定做某事determinetodostheg.WedeterminedtostudyEnglishhard.我们决定要努力学习英语。bedeterminedtodosth.下决心做某事eg.Iamdeterminedtostayhere.我决定留下来。表示下决心做某事，句型知多少？makeuponesmindtodosthdecidetodosthmakeadecisiontodosth第7页/共27页课文讲解课文讲解Madornot?第8页/共27页1、Madornot?=madornotmad?ornot在疑问词的后面，表示“是还不是”，选择概念2、Aeroplanesareslowlydrivingmemad.1).aeroplane=airplane飞机2).drivesbmad把某人逼疯（难点P94)e.g.Youaredrivingmemad.drive(drove,driven)eg.Hedriveshiscarverybadly.他开车技术非常糟糕。eg.Thefarmerdrovethecattleinthefield.那位农夫把牛赶进田里。eg.Ourarmydrovetheenemyback.我们的军队把敌人赶回去了。eg.Duringthewar,manypeopleweredrivenoutoftheirhomes.战争期间，许多人被赶出家园。第9页/共27页3、Ilivenearanairportandpassingplanescanbeheardnightandday.night and day 日日夜夜，夜以继日 passing planes 过往飞机（passing是现在分词，作定语，起形容词作用，修饰planes，“经过的(路过)，过往的”）He forgot the man with passing time.随着时间的消逝，他忘掉了那个人。sleeping baby 正在睡觉的小孩 waiting car 正在等待的车第10页/共27页4、Theairportwasbuiltyearsago,butforsomereasonitcouldnotbeusedthen.1)years前面不加确定的数词时，一般表示“许多年”years ago=many years ago，weeks等的用法与它相似 I have not seen him for weeks.2)for some reason由于某个理由 some+可数名词单数：某一somebooksome+可数名词复数：一些somebookssome+不可数名词：一些somewater Ill tell you some day.Well talk about it some other time.我们改日再谈这件事。第11页/共27页5.Lastyear,however,itcameintouse.Overahundredpeoplemusthavebeendrivenawayfromtheirhomesbythenoise.1)comeintouse:投入使用(永无被动，物作主语）comeinto:进入得到、获得财富eg.Theairportcameintouselastyear.这个机场去年投入使用。gooutofuse停止使用2)over=morethan3)awayfrom离开4)Home,family与house的区别（P94难点）home:家,强调有感情;house仅仅指房子;family:家人home=family+housemusthavedone对发生完的事情有把握的判断musthavebeendone（被动形式）第12页/共27页6.Iamoneofthefewpeopleleft.SometimesIthinkthishousewillbeknockeddownbyapassingplane.1).oneof的用法（3点）+名词复数+谓语动词的单数+形容词的最高2）left表示被留下来的，leave-left-left,left作定语后置,常放n.后.left剩下的东西，相当于“Whoareleft(bytheothers)其他人走了留下他们”Ihaveabagleft.Thereistencentsleftinmypocket.（centsentn.(货币单位)分,分币）3)sometimes有时候sometime（过去或将来）某时候sometime一段时间sometimes几次，几倍（注：这是中国人的用法，地道的说法是：severaltimes）4）knockdown拆散，撞倒knockat敲knockout打昏knockoff下班；从碰下去；优惠，折扣knockover撞翻，打翻，撞倒 第13页/共27页Ihavebeenofferedalargesumofmoneytogoaway,butIamdeterminedtostayhere.offer v.提供（相当于given）offer help 提供帮助offer a sum of money 提供一笔钱offer a job 提供一份工作offer sb sthoffer sth to sb双宾语的被动语态中，主语有两种可能;以sb.做主语或以 sth.做主语give sb.sth.被动sb.be given sth.give sth.to sb.被动 sth.be given to sb.双宾语在变被动时用离动词最近的宾语做主语原文句型结构 sb.be offered sth.be determined to do sth 下定决心要做第14页/共27页7.EverybodysaysImust bemadandtheyareprobablyright.1）Everybody不定代词作主语谓语动词用单数2）mustbe表对现在事实的肯定推测第15页/共27页动词语态英语动词有两种语态主动语态：主语是动作的执行者被动语态：主语是动作的承受者Many people speak English.(主动语态)English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)第16页/共27页被动语态构成助动词+及物动词的过去分词（be+P.P.)第17页/共27页以see为例，比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式时态主动语态被动语态(be+过去分词）一般现在时see/seesam(is,are)+seen一般过去时sawwas(were)+seen一般将来时will(shall)+seewill(shall)+be+seen(过去将来时)would(should)+seewould(should)+be+seen现在进行时am(is,are)+seeingam(is,are)+being+seen(过去进行时)was(were)+seeingwas(were)+being+seen现在完成时have(has)+seenhave(has)+been+seen(过去完成时)had+seenhad+been+seen含情态动词情态动词+see情态动词+be+seen第18页/共27页肯定句，否定句及疑问句如下。Cars are made in Changchun.Cars are not made in Changchun.-Are cars made in Changchun?(-Yes,they are./No,they aren t.)Where are cars made?p26第19页/共27页被动语态使用方法When can we use the passivevoice?1.不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。My bike was stolen last night.Letters are collected at eight every morning.2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。The desk was made by Master Wang.The bag was taken away by his sister.第20页/共27页3.为了更好地安排句子The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people.（一个主语就够了）4.在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时。如：I have a new skirt.It was given to me as a birthday present by my aunt.第21页/共27页主动语态改为被动语态的方法将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语。将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构。将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。第22页/共27页将下列句子改成被动语态。1.We use English as a foreign language.English is used as a foreign language(by us)2.People write business letters in English Business letters are written(by people)in English.3.They make telephone calls in English.Telephone calls are made(by them)in English.4.Travelers and business people use English.English is used by travelers and business.5.Farmers grow rice in Zhejiang.Rice is grown by farmers in Zhejiang第23页/共27页主动语态变为被动语态时注意1.含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况:2.Eg He gave the boy an apple.(1)把间接宾语改为主语,直接宾语保留不变:The boy was given an apple (2)把直接宾语改为主语,此时,间接宾语前要 加to或for.An apple was given to the boy.(give,pass,show,send-to )(buy,draw,make,-for )第24页/共27页1.含双宾语的被动My father gave me a new book on my birthday.-A new book was given to me(by my father)-I was given a new book(by my father).2.不带的to不定式,改为被动语态时不定式前要加to.They watched the children sing.The children were watched to sing.3.短语动词是不可分割的整体,改为被动语态时要保持其完整性,介词或副词不可遗漏.We must take good care of the young trees.Young trees must be taken good care of.第25页/共27页4.带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语.He cut his hair short.His hair was cut short.They told him to help me.He was told to help me.5.注意:不及物动词不能用被动语态happen,take place,appearbut不及物动词带上介词或副词构成的短语,相当于及物动词,后面可带宾语第26页/共27页谢谢您的观看！第27页/共27页
