虚拟语气在if条件句中用法.pptx
Idratherbeasparrowthanasnail.Idratherbeasparrowthanasnail.Yes,Iwould.Yes,Iwould.IfIcould,Isurelywould.IfIcould,Isurelywould.Idratherbeahammerthananail.Idratherbeahammerthananail.Yes,Iwould.Yes,Iwould.IfIonlycould,IsurelyIfIonlycould,Isurelywould.would.Away,Idrathersailaway/likeaswanAway,Idrathersailaway/likeaswanthatshereandgone.thatshereandgone.Amangetstieduptotheground./HeAmangetstieduptotheground./Hegivestheworlditssaddestsound,itsgivestheworlditssaddestsound,itssaddestsound.saddestsound.第1页/共39页Idratherbeaforestthanastreet.Idratherbeaforestthanastreet.Yes,Iwould.Yes,Iwould.IfIcould,IsurelyIfIcould,Isurelywould.would.IdratherfeeltheearthbeneathmyIdratherfeeltheearthbeneathmyfeet.feet.Yes,Iwould.Yes,Iwould.IfIonlycould,IsurelyIfIonlycould,Isurelywould.would.Away,Idrathersailaway/likeaAway,Idrathersailaway/likeaswanthatshereandgone.swanthatshereandgone.Amangetstieduptotheground.Amangetstieduptotheground./Hegivestheworlditssaddest/Hegivestheworlditssaddestsound,itssaddestsoundsound,itssaddestsound第2页/共39页在if条件句中的用法虚拟条件句虚拟条件句If I could,I surely would.If I only could,I surely would.第3页/共39页Thesubjunctivemood(虚拟语气)isusedtoexpressunrealconditionsorwishesthatareagainstthefact,eitheratpresentorinthepast,ortotalkaboutimaginedsituationsinthefuture.第4页/共39页条件条件从句从句If 从句的谓语形从句的谓语形式式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在现在过去过去将来将来过去式过去式(were)had donewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+have done1.过去式过去式2.should+V.(原原)3.were to dowould/could/should/might+V.(原)虚拟语气在 if 条件句中的用法第5页/共39页 虚拟条件句的要点 1、虚拟条件句的常态句、虚拟条件句的常态句 2、虚拟条件句的省略倒装句、虚拟条件句的省略倒装句 3、混合条件句、混合条件句(错综时间条件句错综时间条件句)4、含蓄条件句、含蓄条件句 5、虚实结合、虚实结合第6页/共39页 1、虚拟条件句的常态句 第7页/共39页I I wouldbuywouldbuyanexpensiveanexpensive car.car.IfIIfIhadhadalotofmoney,alotofmoney,_看图说话：用虚拟语气表达第8页/共39页If I were a bird,I could fly in the sky.第9页/共39页If I _busy last night,I _ to see the film with you.had not beenwould have gone第10页/共39页If he more carefully,he the car accident yesterday.would not have had had driven 第11页/共39页If it _tomorrow,we _camping.If it _ tomorrow,we _ camping.If it _ tomorrow,we _ camping.rained wouldnt goshould rain wouldnt gowere to rain wouldnt go第12页/共39页IfIcouldsavetimeinabottle,ThefirstthingthatIwouldliketodowouldbetosaveeverydayuntileternitypassawayjusttospendthemwithyouIfIcouldmakedayslastforeverIfwordscouldmakewishescometrueIwouldsaveeverydaylikeatreasureandthenagainIwouldspendthemwithyou如果我能把时间存入一个瓶子如果我能把时间存入一个瓶子,我要做的第一件事情是，我要做的第一件事情是，把每一天都存下来直到永恒把每一天都存下来直到永恒,再和你一起慢慢度过再和你一起慢慢度过如果我能把时间化作永恒如果我能把时间化作永恒,如果我的愿望能一一成真如果我的愿望能一一成真我会把每天都像宝贝一样储存，再和你一起慢慢度过我会把每天都像宝贝一样储存，再和你一起慢慢度过第13页/共39页 Oneday,afatherandhislittlesonweregoinghome.Atthisage,theboywasinterestedinallkindsofthingsandwasalwaysaskingquestions.Now,heasked,WhatsthemeaningofthewordDrunk,dad?Well,myson,hisfatherreplied,“Look,therearetwopolicemenstandingoverthere.IfIregardedthetwopolicemenasfour,Iwouldbedrunk.But,dad,theboysaid,theresonlyONEpoliceman!What can we infer from the dialogue?A.Thefathermusthavebeendrunk.B.Thesonwasratherstupid.C.Thesonwasgoodatfindingothersmistakes.D.Thefatherwasapoliceman.第14页/共39页 2、虚拟条件句的省略倒装句 如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were，had和should时，可省略if，把were，had和should放到从句主语前面去，构成倒装，多见于书面语。省略if 把were，had或should提前构成：第15页/共39页If he had known your telephone number yesterday,he would have telephoned you.=Had he known your telephone number yesterday,he would have telephoned you.If I were in your position,I would do it better.=Were I in your position,I would do it better.If it should rain,the crops would be saved.=Should it rain,the crops would be saved.If it were not for the expense,I would go to Paris.=Were it not for the expense,I would go to Paris.第16页/共39页Were I you,I would try it again.=If I were you,I would try it again.Had he been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.=If he had been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.Should it snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.=If it should snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.第17页/共39页 _five minutes earlier,you could have seen them off.A.If you should arrive B.If you arrive C.Had you arrived D.Should you arrive _it rain tomorrow,we should put off the visit to the Science Museum.A.could B.should C.would D.might第18页/共39页3、混合条件句(错综时间条件句)当条件从句当条件从句谓语动词谓语动词与主句与主句谓语动词谓语动词所表所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。应的调整。主句和从句的主句和从句的谓语动词谓语动词并不相互并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句。较多见的混合型条件句是较多见的混合型条件句是从句用过去完从句用过去完成时（指过去行为），而主句用一般时成时（指过去行为），而主句用一般时（指目前状态）。（指目前状态）。第19页/共39页如果你之前努力学习了，你现在就是一名大学生，四年后就会大学毕业了。Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow,andyouwouldgraduatefromacollegeinfouryears.如果你采纳了她的建议，你现在就会是个百万富翁了。Ifyouhadtakenheradvice,youwouldbeamillionairenow.假如我是你，我当时就会采纳她的建议。IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenheradvicethen.第20页/共39页LittleRobertaskedhismotherfortwocents.WhatdidyoudowiththemoneyIgaveyouyesterday?,Motherasked.Igaveittoapooroldwoman,heanswered.Youreagoodboy,saidthemotherproudly.Herearetwocentsmore.Butwhyareyousointerestedintheoldwoman?“Ifshehadnotbeentheonewhosoldthecandy,IwouldnothavegivenhermymoneyandIwouldnotbesointerestedinher.”heanswered.What can we know from this passage?A.Robertpaidtheoldwomanforthecandy.B.Robertwasagoodboy.C.TheoldwomangaveRobertthecandyforfree.D.Theoldwomandidntsellthecandy.第21页/共39页Dentist:Im sorry,Madam,but I shall have to charge you twenty dollars for pulling your boys tooth.Women:Twenty dollars!Why，I understand you to say that youll charge only four dollars for such work!Dentist:Yes,if your son hadnt yelled so terribly,I would have four other patients now.What does the dentist mean?A.The boy didnt yell because he was brave.B.The dentist wants to ask for his loss.C.He will have four other patients.D.He has four other patients now.第22页/共39页4、含蓄条件句 虚拟条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗虚拟条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大体有两种情况含蓄条件句大体有两种情况:条件暗含在介词 短语 连词 副词 如without,but for,but,or,otherwise中 条件暗含在上下文中 解题时要把握语境，分析与何种事实（过去、解题时要把握语境，分析与何种事实（过去、现在和将来）相反。现在和将来）相反。第23页/共39页Withoutair,wewouldnotliveevenforfiveminutes._,wewouldnotliveevenforfiveminutes.Butforthestorm,weshouldhavearrivedearlier._,weshouldhavearrivedearlier.Jackcanthavearrivedyet;otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.=Jackcanthavearrivedyet;_,hewouldhavetelephonedme.=If there were no air=If it had not been for the stormif he had arrived 条件暗含在介词条件暗含在介词 短语短语 连词连词 副词中。副词中。第24页/共39页 条件暗含在上下文中条件暗含在上下文中。You might stay here forever.(可能暗含可能暗含if you wanted to)We would have succeeded.(可能暗含可能暗含if we had kept trying)Your reputation would be ruined.(可能暗含可能暗含if you should accept it)I would appreciate a little of your time.(可能暗含可能暗含if you were so kind as to give me a little of your time)第25页/共39页Customer:Waiter,this lobster(龙虾)has only one claw（钳）.Waiter:Im sorry.It must have been a loser in a fight,or it would have two claws now.Customer:Well,bring me the winner then.What can we learn from this dialogue?A.The lobster lost one claw in a fight.B.The lobster will get two claws in a fight.C.The waiter wants to find an excuse for the mistake.D.The lobster has two claws now.第26页/共39页 5、虚实结合在同一个情境下，在同一个情境下，兼有对虚拟和真实情况的描述兼有对虚拟和真实情况的描述第27页/共39页We lost our way in that small village,otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday.（2012 福建）A.visited B.had visited C.would visit D.would have visitedSorry,I am too busy now.If I _ time,I would certainly go for an outing with you.(2012 湖南)A.have had B.had had C.have D.hadDD真实情况虚拟情况真实情况虚拟情况第28页/共39页 They _ two free tickets to Canada,otherwise theyd never have been able to afford to go.(2007 山东)A.had got B.got C.have got D.getDo you think George has passed the driving test?No.If so,he _his car to our college yesterday.【2013福建30】A.would drive B.drove C.would have driven D.had drivenIt rained cats and dogs this morning.Im glad we took an umbrella.Yeah,we would have got wet all over if we_.【2013重庆29】A.hadnt B.havent C.didnt D.dont第29页/共39页第30页/共39页ResponseAbilityAnewspaperorganizedacontestforthebestanswertothequestion:“IfafirebrokeoutintheLouvre(卢浮宫),andifyoucouldonlysaveonepainting,whichonewouldyoucarryout?Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthethewinningreply?A.The one nearest the exit.B.The most expensive one.C.The lightest one.D.The oldest one.第31页/共39页NewDiscoveryAhillbilly（乡下人）wasvisitingthebigcity for the first time.Entering an officebuilding,he saw a pudgy（矮胖的）olderwoman step into a small room.The doorsclosed,lights flashed,and after a while thedoor slid open and a beautifulyoung modelsteppedofftheelevator.Blinkinginamazement,thehillbillydrawled(慢吞吞地说),I should have brought mywife!“Whichofthefollowingiswrongaccordingtothepassage?A.Thehillbillyknewlittleaboutthebigcity.B.Hiswifewasnotattractiveenough.C.Hiswifecouldntbemorebeautiful.D.Hebelievedhiswifewouldbecomeyoungandslimifshehadenteredthesmallroom.第32页/共39页克林顿和希拉里在加油站碰到了希拉里的初恋男友。克林顿调侃说：Ifyouhadmarriedhim,youwouldbeawifeofagasstationattendant希拉里反击说Mydear,ifIhadmarriedhim,hewouldbethepresidentandyouwouldbethegasstationattendant.第33页/共39页第34页/共39页IfYouWeretheOnlyGirlintheWorldIfyouweretheonlygirlintheworldandIweretheonlyboy!NothingelsewouldmatterintheworldtodayWecouldgoonlovinginthesameoldway!AgardenofEdenjustmadefortwowithnothingtomar(破坏)ourjoyIwouldsaysuchwonderfulthingstoyouTherewouldbesuchwonderfulthingstodoIfyouweretheonlygirlintheworldandIweretheonlyboy!第35页/共39页Homeworkfortoday:Homeworkfortoday:1.Finishawritingpassage,accordingtothegivenChinese;2.Finishthemultiplechoices.第36页/共39页ThankyouforyourThankyouforyourattention!attention!Wishyouhappyeveryday!Wishyouhappyeveryday!第37页/共39页第38页/共39页感谢您的观看！第39页/共39页
