Unit6Survival——选择性必修第二册单元基础巩固练习Word版含解析.docx

Unit 6 Survival考试时间：90分钟满分：120分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AElephant ConservationCountry : ThailandThis is a working vacation at a wildlife centre. Anyone can become a volunteer if he/she agrees to help the elephant keepers with tasks.Daily tasksCollect the elephants at 6: 30 a.m. Take them to look for food in the forest. Clean the enclosure. Swim with the elephants in the lake in the afternoon. If volunteers want to relax after work, they can watch satellite （elevision.How this vacation helpsIf these elephants hadn't been rescued, they would still be living on the streets of Bangkok. A rural environment is much better for them than an urban environment where there is lots of pollution.Gorilla SafariCountries: Kenya, Rwanda, UgandaDepartures: Aug. Dec., 23 departures per monthExtras: gorilla permit £ 220If you're kicky, you'll see lions, elephants and rhinos on safari. The highlight of the trip is the opportunity to see gorillas in the mountain forests. However, you must be in good health-if a gorilla caught a cold, it would be extremely harmful to its whole family.How this vacation helpsThere are only about 600 mountain gorillas left in the world as human activity has reduced the area where they can live. When you buy a permit, this will pay for the protection of the national park.Polar Bear WatchingCountry: CanadaDepartures: sixty trips between Oct. 1 Nov. 19Every October and November, groups of polar bears gather in Hudson Bay. As they are normally lonely creatures, this is unusual. The bears wait for the ocean to freeze so they can hunt seals, so this is the perfect opportunity to see them.How this vacation helpsIf the Arctic ice cap melts due to global warming, polar bears will be in danger. We give a share of our profits to the Polar Bears Alive Charity.为在冰盖下能发现山脉，但他们在山脉间发现了宽广的峡谷,这使他们大吃一惊）可知,B项”山脉“是科 学家们预计会发现的，文中未提飞机雷达发现了山脉;D项”冰盖“是有目共睹的事实，文中未提冰盖是 飞机雷达发现的。故选C项。3 .推理判断题。根据第二段中的"They expected to.as a surprise."（他们原以为在冰盖下能发现山脉，但 他们在山脉间发现了宽广的峡谷,这使他们大吃一惊）可推知，发现大峡谷让科学家感到意外。 unexpected出乎意料的;interesting感兴趣的;ridiculous荒谬的;common常见的。故选A项。4 .细节理解题。根据第四段中的"The discoveries are significant. react to rising temperatures."（这些发 现本身具有重大意义，但这项研究背后的真正Fl的是更好地了解南极洲的东西方的冰盖对上升的气 温的反应）可知，这项研究的真正目的是了解南极洲冰盖会对上升的气温作出怎样的反应。由第三段 第一句"Of the three canyons, two hadn't been documented previously."（三个峡谷中，有两个之前没有被 记录）可知,A项”记录这三个大峡谷”不符合文意;B项”研究这三个大峡谷有多大”和D项”表明这三个 峡谷的重要性”都不是这项研究的H的。故选C项。第二节答案：FGEBC解析：F项中的“lhalpossib计ily”和空前的“achance”相呼应,分析语境可知,F项在 此处起到了承上启下的过渡作用，所以选F项。本空是段尾句，有总结之意。此外,G选项中的"That"和空前一句"You'd better stock up today on at least 2-week worth of essentials such as water, food, emergency and medical supplies.”相衔接，且 G 选项 中的"an extended time at home”与上文中的"people remain in quarantine”相呼应,所以选 G 项。根据"It may feel.decided on and ready."及"Figure out.would be"可知,空处陈述的应是你和家人讨 论的内容,E选项符合语境。本空是段苜句。根据对本段的整体理解可知,本段主要陈述的是健康的行为习惯的具体方面,与 选项B内容呼应,所以选B项。空后一句中的"where to find it"与C选项中的"keep it somewhere safe and visible"相呼应，故空处应 是建议把必要信息单放在安全且家人都能看到的地方,所以选C项。第二部分语言知识运用第一-p答案：l-5.ABCBA;6-10.DDCBA; 11-15.BADCD解析：I.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:多亏了诚实的 员工，他们才找回 了钱。根据下文 I'm just glad that I meet with a bunch of honest and loyal people 可知 这对夫妇很高兴见到了一群诚实忠诚的人。honest诚实的;generous t康慨大方的;brave勇敢的;clever 聪明的。2.考杳名词词义辨析。句意:上周,员工们在接受捐款时，发现了一个包。根据上文可知，一对 夫妇在俄亥俄州的一家慈善商店不小心掉了一个装有近10万美元的包。慈善商店的员工接受捐款 的时候，发现了这个包。goods货物;donation捐赠;food食物;money金钱。3 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:上周,员工们在接受捐款时，发现了一个包。根据上文“A couple in Ohio accidentally dropped off a bag containing almost $ 100,000 at an Ohio charity shop.“可知，俄亥俄州的一 对夫妇在俄亥俄州的一家慈善商店不小心掉了一个装有近10万美元的包。suitcase手提箱:box箱 子;bag包;wallet钱包。4 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:我往包里看了看，我们就在桌子上数了数。根据下文“And it was $97,004 ”可知，员工数了数包里的现金,知道了总额是97.004美元。put放;count数;hide藏;clear清 除。5 .考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:值得庆幸的是，那天早上，当他们把衣服送去的时候，主人（那对夫妇） 索要了税务收据，捐赠者在捐赠时要求慈善商店提供税务收据，因此留下了联系方式。ask for要 求;ask about 询问;give up 放弃;give out 分发。6 .考查名词词义辨析句意:值得庆幸的是，那天早上，当他们把衣服送去的时候，主人（那对夫妇）索要 了税务收据。根据后文donate a bag of cloihes,可知选D。card卡片;fruit水果;bill账单;cloihes衣 服。7 .考查副词词义辨析。句意:员工们立即给这对夫妇打了电话,但没有回音。慈善商店的雇员有了联 系方式，立即联系失主。surprisedly惊讶地;hesitatingly犹豫地;eventually最终;immediately立即。8 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:员工们立即给这对夫妇打了电话，但没有回音。员工们给这对夫妇打了 电话，但是他们没有接电话。concern担心;information信息;reply回答;letter信件。9 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:由于不想把那笔钱留在店里，他们打电话到赞斯维尔警察局。慈善商店 不想把那笔钱留在店里，故选B, deposit存入;leave留下;wasle浪费:spend花费。10 .考查介词词义辨析。句意:经过多次电话，警察终于找到了这对夫妇。在打了多次电话之后，警察 联系上丢钱的夫妇。after在之后;during在期间;before在之前;in在里。11 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:这对夫妇没有意识到钱不见了。find发现;miss丢失;steal偷;forget忘 记。12 .考杳动词词义辨析。句意:在路上，他们在慈善商店停下来，捐了一袋衣服。这对夫妇途中在慈善 商店停卜来捐赠衣服。stop停;sigh叹息;quarrel争吵;wander游荡。13 .考查副词词义辨析。句意:钱就这样到了那里。本句讲述这对夫妇是如何把钱遗落在慈善商店 的。why为什么;when何时;where何地;how如何。14 .考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:当我们接通电话的时候,他们只是问是否可以在明天的某个时候拿 到。inspect on 检查;gel rid of 免除;gel through 接通电话;drop in on 顺道拜访。15 .考查名词词义辨析。句意:后来，这对夫妇就联系了最初找到钱的员工，向他们表示感谢。这对夫 妇联系上找到钱的慈善商店雇员，故选De police警察;officer官员;customer顾客;employee雇员。 第二节答案：have gone ©living slories ©to hikecheerfully which richer a from connected 解析：考杳时态。句意：自从布拉德瑞恩开始带着乔伊奶奶去美国那些令人惊叹的地方旅行 以来，他们已经经历了几十次越野冒险。句中的时间状语从句"Since Brad Ryan began."是since +从 句，表示一段时间的时间状语，故本句应用现在完成时。故填have gone。考查非谓语动词。句意：2015年，布拉德瑞恩看望了自己过着简单生活的85岁奶奶分析 句子结构可知，本空应用现在分词作后置定语，修饰grandma,表主动。故填living。考查名词。句意：当他向奶奶讲述他旅行的故事时，奶奶后悔没有多看看这个世界。根据空后 的travels可知本空应用名词复数形式，表示很多旅行的故事。故填slories。考查非谓语动词，动词不定式。句意：然后瑞恩邀请他的奶奶和他一起去远足invite sb.to do sth.固定短语，邀请某人做某事。故填to hike。考查副词。句意：她欣然接受了他的想法。分析句子可知本空应用副词作状语，修饰动词 accepted,故填cheerfully。考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意：从那以后，他们一起去了29个国家公园，路上经历 了很多冒险，这甚至影响了他的生活方式。分析句子可知本句为非限制性定语从句，在从句中作 主语，应用which引导,代指整个主句。故填which。考查形容词比较级。句意：她现在的生活更丰富了。奶奶现在的生活比以前更丰富，因此应用 形容词比较级。故填richer。考查冠词。句意： 我学会了放慢脚步，用不同的方式看此界。in a different way一种不同的方式，不定冠词表示泛指，different读音以辅吾吾素开头，应用不定冠词a。考查介词。句意：我们可以从长辈那里获得很多观点和知识。gain from固定短语，从得到。 故填from。考查形容词。句意：即使有一天她真的去世了，我也可以回到这些地方去感受她的精神和她的 联系。feci系动词，后面应跟形容词作表语。connected形容词，有联系的。第三部分写作第一节答案：Recently, students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. 30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth's problems such as stanation and pollution. On the other hand, 70% think space is worth exploring because wc have benefited a lot from it, such as using satellites for communication and the weather forecast.What's more, with further space research, wc may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also, space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on earth.第二节 答案：Paragraph 1:We were wonying about what could he done. After waiting for a long time, Mom and I decided to walk back to (he nursing home and seek help. How far we had driven! When we arrived, (he receptionist was surprised but warmly helped us contact the garage. There, the old men who had received the flowers were excited to meet us, talking about how great that day was. It amazed me what random actions of kindness could mean to the people who received it. While we were laughing and talking happily, the garage got our car repaired.Paragraph 2:As we drove along, a flower shop came into sight on the road. I walked quickly into (he flower shop, where a bunch of beautiful flowers caught my eye. Having witnessed the effect of kindness and love, I decided to send Mom the sweet flowers. Soon, (he heavenly scent filled the car again. Mom tried to hide her excitement, but the tears failed her. Through this trip, 1 discovered that, despite my occasional anger at her, I actually felt proud of Mom. This was a special trip of my life.Your commentThese awesome bears get all the liquid (hey need from their food.1 .What will an elephant volunteer do?A.Takcfbod for elephants at 6:30 a.m.B.Sweep the houses of elephants.C.Wash elephants in the lake in the afternoon.D.Watch satellite television on elephants.2 .What do wc know about Gorilla Safari?A.You can find gorillas in Kenya and Canada.B.You might get a cold in the mountain forests.C.Visitors need to pay $220 to see 600 gorillas.D.There are about 10 trips to visit gorillas.3 .What can we know from the last paragraph?A.Polar bears don't need to drink water.B.Polar bears store the liquid in their food.C.Polar bears drink all kinds of liquid.D.Polar bears cat mainly liquid food.BThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. "We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things (hat we use every day," explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.In the future, (he team hopes (o develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off ''switch" where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts fbr about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源)一 such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.I .What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.A new study of different plants.B.A big fall in crime ratesC.Employees from variousworkplaces.D.Benefits from green plants.4 .What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT cnginccrs?A.To detect plants' lack of water.B.To change compositions of plants.C.Tomake the life of plants longer.D.To test chemicals in plants. 3.What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A.They will speed up energy production.B.They may transmit electricity to the home.C.They might help reduce energy consumption.D.They could take the place of power plants.4 .Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Can we grow more glowing plants?B.How do wc live with glowing plants?C.Could glowing plants replace lamps?D.How arc glowing plants made pollution-free?CArtemis is NASA's new lunar exploration program. Through the Artemis program. NASA will use new technology to study the Moon in new and better ways, and prepare for human missions to Mars.NASA's new rocket will carry the Orion spacecraft to lunar orbit. Then, astronauts will dock(对接) Orion at a small spaceship called Gateway, from where the crew will take trips to the lunar surface in a new human landing system, and then return to Gateway. The crew will return to (he Earth aboard Orion.NASA will test the rocket and spacecraft in flight, and then send a crew for a test flight:Artemis I will be a test flight of the SLS rocket with the Orion spacecraft and with no crew.Artemis 2 will launch the SLS rocket and Orion with a crew, which will fly past the Moon, then circle it and return to the Earth. This trip will be the farthest one any human has experienced in space.Artemis 3 will send a crew, including the first woman astronaut and a black astronaut, to the Moon by 2024. The Artemis 3 crew will visit the Moon's South Pole. No one has ever been there.At the Moon, astronauts will:Search for the Moon's water and use it.Learn how to live and work on the surface of another celestial body (天体)where astronauts are just three days' flight from home.Test the technologies we need before sending astronauts on missions to Mars, which can take an up-to- three-year round trip.The Moon is a good place to learn new science. NASA will learn more about the Moon, the Earth and even the Sun. The Moon is a "lest bed" for Mars. The Moon is a place to show that astronauts will one day be able to work away from the Earth on Mars for long periods of time.I .What is the aim of (he Arteniis program?A.To help astronauts return to the Earth.B.To be ready for (he landing on Mars.C.To study Mars using new scicncc.D.To test the Moon landing spacecraft, Orion.5 .Which will be the achievement of the Artemis series?A.Going to the Moon's South Pole.B.Making the fastest trip into spacc.C.Scnding the first man to the Moon.D.Flying to the Moon with three persons.6 .What will Artemis astronauts do on the Moon?A.Send astronauts to Mars.B.Run a three-year-long test.C.Find and make use of water.D.Learn to live not far from home.7 .What can we conclude from the text?A.It is possible to live on another planet now.B.The crew will reach the lunar surface by Orion.C.NASA has sent the first woman astronaut to the Moon.D.The Artemis program is of great help to Mars exploration.I)Scientists have been studying Antarctica for over a century, but details as basic as what it looks like beneath all that icc have largely remained a mystery. ow,Earther reports that a team of scientists from Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, and the UK has published the most detailed data yet on the continent's subglacial topography （冰川下的地形）near the South Pole.As they report in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, central Antarctica is home to three large canyons （峡谷）,one of which is deeper than the Grand Canyon and nearly as wide at sonic points. The researchers made the discovery by flying a plane with radar over the South Pole, a spot that isn't covered by satellites. They expected to find mountains beneath the ice sheet, but the wide canyons they found between the mountains came as a surprise.Of the three canyons, two hadn't been documented previously. The largest, the Foundation Trough（基础 槽）,measures 218 miles long, up to 22 miles wide, and 6,260 feet deep, putting it up there with the planet's most impressive canyons.The discoveries arc significant on their own, but the real purpose behind the research is to better understand how the West and East Antarctic ice sheets will react to rising temperatures. Human-caused climate change has made some of the continent's ice not firm, and the West Antarctic