2023年初二英语上册知识点总结短语句型.docx
初二英语上册知识点总结:短语、句型(1)1、如有 a lw a y s ,often, u sua 1 ly, som e times, seldom, ne v e r, oncea. .,eve ry.用一般现在时,第一、二人称复数后跟动词原形,第三人称单数后跟动 词加s'/' es'o2、如有now J o o k! ,1 i sten, at the moment.用现在进行时,结构是be (am, i s , a re) 4- v -i n g3、如有 t omorrow, t he d a y a fter t o morro w, from now on, in +一段 时间,som e d ay, n ext.用一般将来时,结构:will + v原 be going to +v原(没有动词用be )4、如有 ye s terday, ag o z last. j u s t n ow 用一般过去时动词加edg ive sb. Sth.=give s t h. to s b .给某人某物 every day 天天,write d own 写下,记下 wri t e i t (them) down eve r yd a y 天天的,平常的,h ow a b out d o ing s th. = what a b out do i ng s t h .做. 怎么样 e a c h othe r 互相.thanks a 1 ot= thank you v e ry much 非常谢谢回答That' s a II right. = Y o uf re w e lcome.= T hat'OK.= 11's m y pleasu r e. = Not a t all .Why d on't y ou+V 原.=w h y not+V 原为什么不he 1 p s b. wi t h st h .在某方面帮助别人 help sb. (to )do sth.帮助某人做某事s el 1 sth at a hig h p r i ce,以高价出售, sell sth at a 1 ow pric e ,以低价出售。yet ,用于完毕时态的否认句和疑问句中;have a wo n d e r f ul time玩得快乐,would 1 i ke to d o sth=wan t t o do sth,想要做某事woul d li k e s b . t o d o s t h= wat s b to do s t h 想要某人做某事MODULES already早已,用于完毕时的肯定,;ye t,用于完毕时的否认和疑问;ju st,用于完毕时ju s t n o w=a moment ago 用于过去时,arri v e a t (小地方)/in(大地方)=r e a ch= g e t to ,到达bring,从外往里拿,take,more th a n ,=o v er,多于a 1 on e ,个体单独,独自;mos t of.的大多数,on a vis i t to.,参观拜访a s .as.和.同样bring,从外往里拿,take,more th a n ,=o v er,多于a 1 on e ,个体单独,独自;mos t of.的大多数,on a vis i t to.,参观拜访a s .as.和.同样从里往外拿,car ry无方向,fetch往返拿,Ie s s than,少于1 onely ,孤独,寂寞,也表达荒凉,a visit to对.的参观,for a vis it 参观,pay a v is i 11 onot as., .as. = n ot s o . a s 不如,so . t hat如此以致于.假如t hat后是否认,就可以用toot。转换,假如是肯定就用,形容+eno u gh( f o r s b )t o do sth.be fam o u s for因面著名(因素),be famous as以身份或产地而著名pre fer doing s th. to d oing sth.= 1 ike d o in g s t h b e 11 e r than doin g s th更喜欢做某事,prefer to 更喜欢prefer to do sth rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不 愿做某事,r eturn f ro m a vi s it 1。从.访问返回,b e n a med af t er以.的名字命名,be p r OU d of以.自豪, b e up to sb.由某人决定,up t o从事于,忙于,space station在太空站,s how s th t o s b.=show s b s t h 把某物给某人看,on bu s i n e s s 出差, 因.公事,在的上面 ov e r,在,上面,正上方,中间有段空间,反义为underon在上面,贴着物表,反义bene a t h, a b ove在.上方,高出,反义belowi n the s k y=in the a i r 在天空中,by a ir=by p Ian e 坐飞机,i n the last t h r ee yea r s在过去三年里,用于现在完毕时,none用于三个以上的全否认,反义为a 11: neithe r两个都不,反义为b。th,the las t e s t new s,最新消息, s h a re s t h .w i th s b .与分享某物MODI! LE4 get on / a long wit h sb,与.相处,g e t on w e II wit h s b .与.相处融洽hear about ,hear of 听说,hear about ,hear of 听说,i n fac t事实上,the H o pe Schoo 1 s,希望学校I ook a f t er=t a ke care of = c are fo r,照顾初二英语上册知识点总结:短语、句型(4)dr o p out of school,缀学 tak e p art in,参与pay for,支付,付钱how 1 ong,多长时间how so on,多久g e t on badly with ,与.相处不好h ear f rom s b.收到某人的信,邮件等on t he fa r m ,在农场上in t h e las t H"一段时间,in th past +一段时间 in t h e r c c e nt+一段时间,这三个用于现在完毕时b e c a u s e o f 由于,某物卖给某人sell st h ,t o s b.=sell sb . sth.,把buy s th from . . b uysth for s b .给某人买东西 get a n education接受教育,t ake part in=joi n 参与,in good / bad hea 1 th身体健康/不健康,care about关心,在乎,t a ke c are 当心,h ow of t en隔多久一次,stop doing sth .停止做某事,stop to d o s t h.停下来去做别的事,dr e s s /undressr+人,drop out退出,离队,put on/wear/ta k e of f + 衣,dro p i n顺便来访,dro p i n顺便来访,dro p out o f schoo 1 退学poin t at 指着,p oint to 指向 p ut o n one's cl。t hes 穿上衣服w i th t h e help of s b.=w i ht sb's he 1 p 在别人的帮助下without the h e 1 p of s b.无人帮助的情况 a t hom e a nd abroad 在国内外非延续性动词变为延续动词:buy-h a ve o pe nbe o p en join - b e in b o r r ow-k e e p die -be dea dIe a v e-be away com e herebe h ere g o t h erebe the r e b egin-be o nf i ni s h -be o v er make frien d s-be f r i en d s get read y-be r e ady buy-get / ha vearrive/g e t to /rea c h/co m e be i n be at / s tay, put onhave on /we a r g e t up -be up可延续性动词不可以与fo r或si nee连用,非延续性动词的否认式也可以和f or / s ince连用.other其他的,此外的,别的;a n other另一个人或事物;the oth e r两个中的另一个; t he oth ers其余的,剩下的人或事物;others其他的,此外的,别的人或物MODUL E 5 on earth,究竟,到底,可用在 when ,what ,who,whee,h o w ,w h i ch,why等之后,相称于in t he world,用在否认句中相称于notat all;a fa n of .的迷g i v e a co ncert = g ive concer t s,举行音乐会b e famous for ,因.而著名(后十人或物某方面的特点,专长)b e fam o us as,作为 而闻名(后+身份职业)at t he ag e of =w h en s b . wasy e ars old,在.岁的时候not only. . but also.不仅.并且(就近原贝U)上c las s ic a I mu s ic,古典音乐belong to,属于s t h be 1 ong to sb.物属于人across,从一定范围内的一边到另一边,表面进行th r o u g h ,从中间通过或穿过,里面进行;。ve r上方通过,不接触表面;hear of 听说,b e born 出生,go thro ugh 穿过,r m not s ure我不拟定,I'm sure肯定,make s b.+a dj使某人怎么样, ma ke sb .d o sth.使某人做某事,take sb. a rou n d 带人四处走走, a piece o f music一首乐曲,i n a d d ition to 除.以外,bu y h i m a gu i tar=b uy a g uitar f or h i m给某人买吉他,g o o n wit h s t h,继续做某事,go on do i ng sth.继续做某事,die of 患.而死,常接 hunger, co 1 d, i H nes s, c ance r 内部因素,d i e from由于 而死,常接 a w o u n d ,an accident,c a r e lessne s s 外部因素,I e arn to do sth 学做某事,1 earn f rom s b.向某人学习,Learn. . . by he a rt 熟记,背诵,learn one' s lesson fro m.从. 中吸取教训, 反意疑问句:1 .先断“定“,判断是否认或肯定.如有 no t ,never, f ewz I i t tie, h ardly, no , n o b od y z s eldom, nothing 等 词,则是否认,后面该用肯定.2 .后找“动”,观测前面的动词,若具有或情态动词直接用,若为实义动词原形,用do,三 单用d o es,过去式用did, had b e tter用ha d.换代,主语定代词,三单用he , s he ,i t ,复用th e y we ; som e b o dyznobody 类似的用th e y,和th i ng 一起的用3 ,肯定祈使句,反问句部分可用will you /w o n't y ou ?否认祈使句,用will y ou ?4 . Let' s.用 s h al 1 w e ?1 et us.用 wil 1 y ou?,.在th i nk, bel i eve, s u pp ose+从句结构中,疑问句部分与从句保持一致,同时 主句的否认转移到从句中;但第二,三人称与主句保持一致:I don't t h i nk you ha v e don e it ,have you? /He doe s n' t th i n k you ha v e done it , doe s he?即:当主句人称是一,从句是二时,看二;当主句是三时,就看三。5 .回答只针对事实作答;Yes+肯定,No+否认初二英语上册知识点总结:短语、句型(5)g i ve sb. sth=giv e sth. to s b.给某人某物,gi v e in 投降,g i ve up doing sth 放弃,g i ve up doing sth 放弃,g ive out 分发,give a way to 对.让步,on t h e e a rth 在地球上,both.and既.又就近原则neither. . . nor既不.又不,就近原则eit h er., .o r 要么.要么.there be, not only. .but a 1 so 就近原则ma y be也许是.m a y b e=perhap s大约,也许In add i tio n to .除.以外(尚有)=b e sides, but除.之外,,常与否认意 义词连用,当b ut前有d o时bu t后接原形,e xce pt,除.之外(不涉及)on holiday 度假,of c o u rse=, s ure 当然al 1 types of 呼种,part time jo b , 一份兼职工作on one's own 独自,be led by 由.带领MODUL E 6 过去进行时用法:1.表达过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或正存在的状态,一般常和a t that time, a t 点 ye s terdayz then, 1 ast n ight,this time yesterday z t he w h ole m o rning,whe n I a rri v ed等特定的过去时间连用。2.表达一个过去动作发生时或发生之后,另一个动作正在进行或两个延续性过去的动作同时 进行,常与when,wh i Ie引导的时间状语从句连用。结构:was /we re +V-inggo on继续,go on doing s t h继续做某事(同一件事),go o n to do s th继续做某事(另一件事), go o n with sth继续做同一件事,但中间暂停过,How is it goin g ?=How are you get t in g o n /along?近况如何? by the river,在河边 a t this time y est e r day 昨天 的这个时候, in a t re e=in the tre e,在树上(外来物)o n a tre e =on t heo n a tre e =on t het ree,在树上,(树自身的)smile at sb.朝着某人微笑,laugh at s b.嘲笑某人fa 1 I i nto ,掉进,跌入allo f f掉下来,allo f f掉下来,fall behind,落后,跟不上fall in 1 ove with,爱上be c a refuI,小心by mistake由于犯错by mistake由于犯错at that /th is tim e 在那/这时have n othi n g to do 没事可做,have n othi n g to do 没事可做,nothing s t range没什么奇怪的,t ak e s th. out of .把.从拿出来,happe n to do sth.恰巧做某事感官动词 see , h e ar zwa t c hzfee 1 , notice, s m e ll,ta s te 后 + 名词或代词+动词原形(表达动作已经发生)后+名词或代词+Ving(表达动作正在进行)u n der th hedge在树篱下面,go down下去,thi n k a b ou t 考虑,think of 想起,认为,think over 仔细考虑,think out,想出 think h ard,努力想,努力思考 Wh at h a p p ened t o s b.?某人发生了什么事? with one's help =with th e h e 1 p of s b .在某人的帮助 h el p on e s elf to sth.请自用食物 watch sb. do sth.看到某人做了某事,(现在没有做,做过)watc h sb. d o ing sth.看到某人正在做某事(正在做)see, he a r类似remember to do s th,想起记得要做某事,未做事 remember do i ng st h .相起记得做过某事forg e t to d o sth.忘掉要做某事forget doing sth.忘掉做过某事w e Icome ba c k欢迎回来 ,new t e r m新学期t his term这学期,next term下学学期,la s t t e r m 上学期,give y o u s om e adv i ce 给你一些建议why not 为什么不,m a ke a m i st a ke=ma k e mistakes 犯错误c orre c t s pell i n g 对的的拼写, wh a t el s e?=what o t her things?尚有什么 a p i ec e of advice一条建议,follow /1 a ke one* s ad vice 采用别人的建议,send s th to sb .=se nd sb. sth.寄给某人send fo r 派人去请/取send up 发射.a II the time一直 e n joy on e s el f =hav e a good time=h a v e a grea t t ime=hav e fun,玩得快乐lots of = a 1 ot of =ma ny(可数)、much (不可数)许多, s pe n d : s b . s pe n d som e t i me on s t h.某人花费时间做某事s b.spe ndsome t i me (in) doi n g s t h.某人花费时间做某事S b . s pe n d s o me mon e y on sth .某人花费钱买某物S b. spend some mon e y (in) buy i ng sth.某人花费钱买某物Cost: sth. costsb. some money 某物花去某人钱pay: s b . pay s o me mone y f o r sth.某人支付钱Ta ke: It takes (too k ) sb.s o m e time to do sth.做某事花去某人时间ask for请求,规定, a sk sb. for sth.向某人要某物ask s b. t o do s th.规定某人做某事a pi e ce of一块e njoy d o ing s t h 喜欢做某事.fin i sh,practise, mi n d , m i ss .consider, k eep, continue,这些词语后跟动名词形式V-ingpla c e st h .i n =put sth. i n把某物放在里面else常修饰不定代词,关系代词或副词,也可修饰all, much, little, else要位于其 后。所有格为else ' s .take a deep breath深呼吸, cat c hho 1 d one's breath 屏住呼吸,out o f breath上气不接下气,wish sb . to do sth.希望某人做某事,the number o f.的数目,后跟名词复数,动词用三单,a numb e r of=many,大量,许多后跟名词复数,动词用复数形式。a large number of, a s mall numb er ofinvite sb.to do st h .邀请某人做某事 fi n d+ it+ a d j+to do sth.发现做某事怎么样t r y to d o sth.尽力做事t r y to d o sth.尽力做事try do i ng sth.尝试做某事t r y one's be st尽某人最大的t r y no t t o d o sth .尽力不做某事 努力,a gro u p of一组,一群,borrow s t h f rom s b.从某人处借入某物,keep借一段时间keep借一段时间1 end sth.to s b =1 e n d s b .sth.借给某人某物prac t ice doing sth.,练习做做某事come from=be from来自,look for 寻找,look a ft e r=car e f o r = t ake care of 照顾oo k up向上看,查阅,look like看起来像,I o ok at看着,look on sb. as把某人看作,ook f orw a rd to doing sth .盼望,期待做某事look ov e r检杳,翻阅,Io o k out当心,向外看,look th rough仔细查看,b e r ea d y for =ge t ready for=preparebe ready 准备好,b e (get) ready to d o s t h.准备做某事,乐意做某事tra n s 1 a te.into.将.译成.,take a mes s a g e 捎个信,leave a mess age 留个信,be good for 对.有好处,be good a t =do welli n 擅长于.be p oor a t =be bad a t =do badly in=b e w e ak in 不擅长. Th ink o f 想 起,thin k a bout 想出,think over 仔细考虑,el s e 修饰不定代词 s ome t h i n g ze veryth ingzan y thin g znothin g ,som e bod y,anyb o dy,n o bo d y 和 wh o , w h a t , when, whe r e 时放后,四说,l,spe ak说语言,2.$d丫说内容,3, talk与谁说,4,tell告诉,讲述,四看,1 ,watch观看电视,比赛和表演,2, see看人,电影,医生,风景,3,read看书,报,4,look就看。看场电影要用see,读书看报用read电视、戏 剧、比赛,凡是表演用wat c h,ob s erve细观测,一时注意用not ice.make+宾语+补足语(形容词)使某人某物怎么样。.make+宾语+do让某人做某事m a ke+宾语+过去分词 使某人被怎么样;mak e fr iends w i th s b .与某人交朋友,初二英语上册知识点总结:短语、句型(2)hear of听说,hear from收到某人的来信,be bad for 对有害,i t is +adj.+ of sb +to do s t h.写性格,品质 kind, good n ice ,right, wr o ngz c I e ve r ,careless,pol i t e, f o o 1 ish 等。I i s+a d j+f o r sb +t o do st h .对物的评价 diff i cult,ea s y hard, dangerousjm p or t ant,等 sh o w sb. around somewh e r e 带某人参观某地,write to.给写信,next to在旁边,do some concerts 办音乐会,do some concerts 办音乐会,spea k t o sb .和某人发言,s a y hello to sb.给某人问好,s a y hello to sb.给某人问好,s ay bye to s b.向某人说再见,Ie a rn sth from sb.向某人学习choose t h e cor r e ct a n s wers 选择对的答案, co r rec t the mista kes改错,mate h . w it h把和搭配起来建议:l.why d o n't y ou d o sth?=why not do sth?2 .How abo ut d oi n g s th?=wh a t abo u t do i ng sth?3 .Y o u shoul d /can d o sth. 4.Rem ember to do sth.5 .D o nf t forget to do sth. 6. can y ou do sth ?7 .Le t 's do s th. 8.11 'sa g ood i d e a to do9. would you I i ke to do ?1 0. Shall we do1 1 .You'd bette r (not ) do sth .回答:That's a go o d idea.Th a n ks a I o t.G r eat, OK. That* s r i g ht. A 1 I right. Goo d i d ea. Su r e.MODULE 2 现在完毕时:1 ,表达过去发生的动作对现在导致的影响,或结果,常与r ecent 1 y z ev e rz ne v er,aready,ye t j u stzb e fo r e still 连用;2 ,表达发生在过去并且一直连续到现在的动作或状态,常与for+时间段或si n ce+时间 点连用。结构:have(has)+过去分词,g e t i n to=ente r 进入,g e t i n to=ente r 进入,w h at's the price of .=how much is问价格dre a m a b o u t 梦至ij,d r ea m of 梦见,aro u nd th e wo r ld=a 1 I overaro u nd th e wo r ld=a 1 I overt h e world全世界,s tay wi t h sb,与某人呆s tay wi t h sb,与某人呆起st a y a t h o me呆在家里,stay i n bed呆在床上,stay i n bed呆在床上,wa 1 k t o =go to. o n fo o t 步行去take off脱下,起飞,take off脱下,起飞,la n d on/in /a t 着路,all ov e r China,全中国,all ov e r China,全中国,take a seat = h ave a seat 请坐,come tu r e 实现,come tu r e 实现,fly t o=go to . . by p lane (by air),坐飞机d r i ve t o = g o to.by ca r 开车,d r i ve t o = g o to.by ca r 开车,at t h e end of在尽头/结尾sell ou t 卖光,sell ou t 卖光,the end在结束时,have b ee n to去过(现在不在那儿)have b ee n to去过(现在不在那儿),have gon e to去了(现在不在说话地)f i rst price 一等奖,e veryday En g lish 平常英语,T he m o s t exc i t i ng exper i ence 最激动人心的经历,b efor e long 不久,1 o ng bef o re=s o on= a I i t tie lat e r 很久以前,no problem 没问题,have a p rob lem in doing s th.做某事有困难, work out a po bl e m解决一个问题,invite s b to d o sth,邀请某人做某事invi t e s b to s o me p 1 ace 邀请某人去某地,one day,某一天,(过去或将来)some d a y某一天(将来),连系动词,一是 be ( a m, i s , ar e , was , were,)感觉e e 1 , 一保持kee p ,三变 b e come, g e t t urn,四起来taste zsm e II , look, soun d ,后跟形容词作表语。不定代词:some b ody, s om e one MA, anybo d y , a nyone n obod y , n o o ne,没人 eve r yone, eve rybody 每个人,something 某物,a n y t h in g 任何 物,no t hing没事,e v ery thin g 一切事物,修饰他们的形容词放后。d i fferent k i n d s of =a 1 I ki n ds o f不同种类的,各种各样的,by th e end o f到末为止,不迟于g i v e a con c ert=g i v e con c er t s 举办音乐会初二英语上册知识点总结:短语、句型(3)in t h e end =final 1 y 最后,终于,ta k e a pho t o=take phot o s 店 coo k sth f or s b ,=co o ksb. st h .为某人做饭b uy, makesu c h +a /an +adj+单数名词=$。+adj+a/an+单数名词(名前s uch,形副so,多多 少少也用sojittle属特殊,''小用su c h,少用so.)交通工具的乘坐,take the(a) +交通工具t o , =go. by+交通工具=9o . . on / i n+a(the)+交通工具(小汽车只能用i n ,其余的可用in ,on);walk to s o me whe r e=go to. o n fo o t; fly to s om e wh e re.=go . b y p 1 aner ide to som e wh e re=go. .by bike, d rive t o s o mewh ere =go t o by c a rza kind of一种, b e kind to sb对某人友善s i n c e then从那时起,take off 脱下,起飞,请假,rec k on=con s i d e r = r eg a rd =thi n k 考虑,认为,be r eckoned (to be),被认为reckon.as.相称于regarda s .把当成i n th e photo,在照片里go abroad,出国 b e a bro ad,在国外 travel abr o a d,到国外旅行s ell out,卖光se 1 I t o ,卖给某人 sell we 1 I卖得好,四个也:al s o,肯定,行前be后;too肯定,句末;either,否认,句末;a s we 1 I,肯定, 句末。go to sleep,去睡觉the p rice of,.的价格,形容价格用h i g h, low。