Unit1高中英语词汇讲义与练习(一）2021-2022学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册.docx

贾卫宽 2022.9一简易词汇讲义12 .found vt.创建13 .defeat vt.击败;战胜n.失败14 .device n.技巧;装置15 mit vt.承诺;保证vi.忠于16 .liquid n.液体adj.液态的17 .mostly adv.主要地;一般地18 .gentleadj.温柔的;文静的19 .genius n.天;天资;天赋20 .theory n.理论;学说21 .obtain vt.获得;赢得vi.存在;流行22.patent n.专利adj.受专利保护的高中英语词汇讲义与练习（一）Unit 1 People of achievement（人教高中英语选择性必修一）东明一中第一部分一、先熟读背诵Group 1l.sum vi.总结2 .boil v.煮开n.沸腾;沸点.flee v. （ fled, fled ）逃跑3 .flow vi.&n.流;流动nfer vt.推断6 .chart n.图表vt.记录.draft vt.起草n.草稿7 . vitaladj.必不可少的.novel n.（长篇）小说lO.insist v.坚决要求11 .mourn v.哀悼;忧伤Group 2二、再探究学习1.sunn.太阳 Tsum v.总结n.数目，一笔变形summary上,总结We contributeda sum of money to the homeless survivors of the earthquake. 我们向无家可归的地震幸存者捐献了一笔钱。To sum up, it is important for us to take actions immediately to solve this problem.总之，对我们来说，马上采取行动去解决问题很重要。2. oil n.油 一boil v.煮开形似词soil n.土壤Boil water with salt and a few drops of oil.烧一小锅水，水中加盐和少量油。3.flee v.逃走同音形似词:flea n.跳蚤 过去式/过去分词fled, fledThe children fled in panic.孩子们惊慌地逃走了。4.1ow adj.低的v.降低一flow v.流动形似词blow v.吹字母反置wolf n.狼 Tears of happiness flowed down her face.她脸上流下幸福的泪水。1.1 nferv.推断形似词refer v.提到，参考变形iafe琪喀谶断I inferred from what she said that you have not been well.我从她的话里推断出你身体一直不大好。6 .art n.艺术一chart n.图表一char n.焦炭v.烧焦The following chart shows the top 3 difficulties for foreigners while learningChinese.下面的图表显示了外国人学习汉语的前3大困难。7 .raftn.竹筏draft v.起草n.草稿易混dwarf n.矮人This is only the first draft of my speech.这只是我演讲的初稿。8 .vital adj.至关重要的 同义:important 易混fatal adj.致命的The police play a vital role in our society.警察在我们社会中起着极其重要的作用。9 .noveln.小说adj.新奇的同义:fiction n.小说变形novelist n.小说家He is working on a new novel.他正在写一部新小说。The concept is quite novel, 这是一个很新奇的概念。1.1 insist v.坚持，强调形似词resist v.阻挡,抵抗 persistv.执意，坚持The teacher insisted on the importance of mastering a foreign language.老师强调了掌握一门外语的重要性。11 .mourn v.哀悼形似词mount n.山v.爬上，骑上Today we mourn for all those who died in two world wars.今天，我们向所有在两次世界大战中死难的人表示哀悼。12 .find v.发现（过去式/过去分词：found）同义discover/spotfound v.建立（过去式/过去分词：founded）同义build/construct/set upNew China was founded in 1949.新中国成立于 1949 年。13 .eat v.吃一defeat v.打败，战胜同义beat/overcomeA man only can be destroyed but cannot be defeated.一个人只能被消灭，不能被打败。13.1 ce n.冰一vice adj.副的 一device n.装置，设备They do not use this device .他们不使用这种装置。15 .（查词典重点探究）commit v.承诺，忠于，委托，犯下同义promise/admit助记committee n.委员会【搭配】be committed to致力于，委托给，承诺The doctor was committed to practical medicine.那位医生致力于实用医学。The boy was committed to the care of his aunt.这个孩子被交给他的姑妈照顾。The President is committed to reforming the health care.总统承诺进行医疗改革。16 .liquid n.液体 gas n.气体 solid n.固体Solid, liquid and gas are the three states of matter.固体、液体和气体是物质的三种状态。17 .most adj.多数的mostly adv.多半，主要地反义least少数的Your future depends mostly on you.你的未来主要取决于你自己。18 .gentle adj.轻柔的 gently adv.轻柔地同义soft/wild（2022 新高考 I 卷）The gentle breeze and singing birds seem to cheer for him.轻柔的微风和歌唱的鸟儿似乎在为他欢呼。19 .genius n.天才，天赋同义talent/gift 易混genuine adj.真的Genius is one percent irispnution and ninety nine percent perspiration.天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。20 .theory n.理论反义practice n.实践There are many theories about the origin of life.关于生命起源的学说有很多。21 Lob tain v.获得同义get/gain/acquireYou can also obtain knowledge through practice.你还可以从实践经验中获得知识。22 .pat v.轻拍+tent n.帐篷二 patent n.专利形似词parent n.父母His invention was so practical that he soon got a patent.他的发明很实用，很快就获得了专利。第二部分一一简易词汇练习I .汉译英1.vi.总结12.vt创建2.V.煮开n.沸腾;沸点13.vt.击败;战胜n.失败3.V. ( fled, fled )逃跑14.n.技巧;装置4.vi.&n .流;流动15.vt.承诺;保证vi.忠于5.vt.推断16.n.液体adj.液态的6.n.图表vt.记录17adv.主要地;一般地7.vt.起草n.草稿18.adj.温柔的;文静的8.adj .必不可少的19.n.天才;天资;天赋9.n.(长篇)小说20.m理论;学说10.V.坚决要求21.vt.获得11.v.哀悼;忧伤22.n.专利n.重点词汇写作训练.Ella很伤心，感到很挫败。1 .按时完成这项工作是至关重要的。2 .老师坚持让我们每天至少学一样新东西。3 .母亲听了，笑着轻轻拍了拍她的背。6 .然后他意识到他犯了一个多么大的错误。7 .我们应该感激我们从生活中所获得的一切，抓住每一个机会去帮助别人。8 .我的老师告诉我，我的作品构思(conception)新颖，语言独特。【课后作业】用下列单词造句或至少三个单词写一个意思连贯的小短文。vital, insist, defeat, gentle, commit, obtain, novel例子：单句：I find it vital to work together with others.(2)短文： My mother told me that it was vital to insist on my decision. So I committed myselfto going through the hard time and would defeat any difficulty in my life.我母亲告诉我，坚持自己的决定至关重要。所以我承诺自己要度过艰难的时期，并将击败我生活中的任何困难。答案：I.英译汉Group 1 l.sum 2.boil 3.flee 4.flow 5. inf er 6. chart 7. dr aft 8. vital 9.novel 10.insist 11.mourn 12.foundGroup 2 13.defeat 14.device 15mit 16.liquid 17.mostlyl8.gentle 19.genius20.theory 21.obtain 22.patent n.重点词汇写作训练1 .The river is flowing slowly.2 . Ella was very sad and felt very defeated.1.1 t is vital that the work (should) finished in time.Teacher insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day.4 .Hearing this, her mother smiled patting her back gently.5 .Then he realized what a big mistake he had committed.6 .We should appreciate what we have obtained from life and seize every opportunity to help others.7 .My teacher told me that my writing was novel in conception and unique in language.