UNIT3单元过关测试-2022-2023学年高一英语单元复习（牛津译林版2020必修第一册）.docx

Unit 3 Getting Along with Others 单元过关测试（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项：I.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第n卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准 考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。3 .回答第n卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共30分，略）第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2022湖北黄冈中学三模）Podcasts（播客）may be everywhere. Here we recommend some for you to listen to.My Parachute （降落伞）Won't Open!Skydiving has associated risks. For example, the opening of the parachute will not go according to plan. When Timothy Verissimo looked up, he expected to see a comforting unfolded canopy（顶罩）above him. Instead, the New Zealand high school student saw a mass of chaotic strings. His experience will make your emotions run high.TumbleTumble is a science podcast for kids and can be enjoyed by the entire family. Science is brought to life in this podcast that tells stories about science discoveries with the help of scientists. They answer questions from why cats always seem to land on their feet to what a journey to the center of the earth would look like.Short and CurlyAimed at primary school children and their parents, this fun-filled morals podcast talks about subjects such as: Is it fair to punish the whole class? Are some lies actually okay? From banning wrapped sweets to occupying other planets, this podcast helps kids find their way around tricky topics.Libri Vox.org , which provides open access to over 15, 000 recordings. The texts are all in the public area and include famous ones such as Treasure Island and Frankenstein.HOW TO GET PODCASTS参考答案：1. D2. B3. C【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要推荐了几个播客。1 .细节理解题。根据 My Parachute （降落伞）Won't Open!部分“When Timothy Verissimo looked up, he expected to see a comforting unfolded canopy（顶罩）above him. Instead, the New Zealand high school student saw a mass of chaotic strings. His experience will make your emotions run high.（当 Timothy Verissimo 抬起头，他希望看 到头顶上舒展的顶罩。相反，这位新西兰高中生却看到了大量混乱的弦。他的经历会让你情绪高涨。）“可 知，Timolhy Verissimo的跳伞经历是冒险刺激的，故选D。2 .细节理解题。根据文章 Short and Curly 部分“From banning wrapped sweets to occupying other planets, this podcast helps kids find their way around tricky topics.（从禁止包装糖果到占领其他星球，这个播客帮助孩子 们找到解决棘手问题的方法。）“可知，Short and Curly这一播客主要是谈论棘手问题的方法，故选B.org, which provides open access to over 15,000 recordings. The texts are all in （he public area and include famous ones such as Treasure Island and Frankenstein, org,它提供超过15000条录音的开放访问。这些文本都在公 共区域，包括著名的金银岛和弗兰肯斯坦。）“可知，这一播客主要介绍了的是阅读材料下载的重要 网站，故最吸引爱读书的人，故选C。4 . D5. C6. D7. A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最新发射的韦伯天文望远镜与哈勃天文望远镜之间的区别。5 .细节理解题。根据第二段“Webb is expected to detect light from the universe's first stars, beyond Hubble's range.（韦伯有望探测到宇宙中第一批恒星发出的光，超出了哈勃的探测范围）”可知，韦伯天文望远镜可能 会发现最早期的星光。故选D。6 .主旨大意题。根据第四段“To detect the universe's first and darkening stars, Webb requires the largest inirror ever made fbr astronomy. The mirror spans more than 6.5 meters, yet is lighter than Hubble's, which is 2.4 meters across. The mirror consists of 18 smaller pieces, each of which is the size of a coffee table and coated with very thin gold, an ideal reflector of infrared light.（为了探测宇宙中第一批逐渐变暗的恒星，韦伯需要史上最大的天文学 反射镜。哈勃望远镜的直径为2.4米，而哈勃望远镜的直径为6.5米。这面镜子由18块更小的碎片组成, 每一块都有咖啡桌那么大，表面覆盖着非常薄的黄金，是红外光的理想反射器）“可知，木段主要介绍了韦 伯天文望远镜独特的主镜：尺寸大、重量轻、灵敏度高。故选C。7 .细节理解题。根据最后一段"This is where the gravitational forces of the earth and the sun balance, requiring minimal fuel fora spacecraft to stay there.（这是地球和太阳引力平衡的地方，航天器停留在那里所需的燃料最 少）“可知，韦伯被放在第二个拉格朗日点是因为，这样一来韦伯正常工作所需的燃料最少。故选D。8 .主旨大意题。根据第一段"Don't ask astronomers to choose between the old Hubble Space Telescope and the new James Webb Space Telescope. ''Comparing Hubble and Webb is like asking if you will love your second child as much as your first one,“ said Susan Mullally, a scientist at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. They are very different but equally loved.（不要让天文学家在旧的哈勃太空望远镜和新的詹姆斯韦伯太空望远 镜之间做出选择。巴尔的摩太空望远镜科学研究所的科学家Susan Mullally说：“比较哈勃望远镜和韦伯望 远镜就像问你是否会像爱第一个孩子一样爱你的第二个孩子。”它们非常不同，但同样受人喜爱）”且通读全 文可知，文章主要是通过观察距离、光谱波段、主镜大小及在轨位置等方面介绍了韦伯天文望远镜与哈勃 天文望远镜之间的不同之处。A选项“哈勃和韦伯的区别“最符合文章标题。故选A。9 . A9. CIO. Bll. D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要以中国、美国及印度为例，分析了各类食物浪费对食品供应带来的冲击。8 .细节理解题。根据第一段“In terms of calories per person, cutting food waste is more of an immediate opportunity to feed more people than increasing crop yields around the world.（就人均卡路里而言，减少粮食浪 费比提高全球粮食产量更能立即满足更多人的需求）”可知，世界上最直接的养活更多人的方法是减少食物 浪费。故选A。9 .词句猜测题。根据画线词前“Throwing away a pound of boneless beef effectively wastes 24 times more calories（扔掉一磅无骨牛肉实际上浪费了 24倍的卡路里）”及画线词后“But throwing out a small steak has a huge impact（但扔出一小块牛排却有着巨大的影响）”, Wasting other animal products（浪费其他动物产品）”可 推断,discarding与throwing away/outx wasting在文中都是同义词,因此discarding的意思是“浪费",和 Wasting意思相近，故选C。10 .细节理解题。根据第三:段“And the biggest global contributor to that loss is the US.（而造成这种损失的最大 全球贡献者是美国厂可知，美国是全球粮食浪费最严重的国家。故选B。11 .细节理解题。根据最后一段"'The food service industry in China has really high amounts of waste/ West says.（韦斯特说：“中国的食品服务业存在大量的浪费。可知，Wesl认为食物浪费在中国的餐馆中特别严 重。故选D。12 . D13. CI4. A15. D【导语】本文是一片说明文。本文主要介绍了一项研究结果，生态旅游可以转变人们对于海洋保护的态度。12 .细节理解题。根据第二段中“ At Oslob, the largest of the three sites, people were more likely to speak about the resulting improvements lo their quality of life and an increase in job opportunities. At the smaller, less profitable sites, responses were more likely to be about the changes in how people behaved towards the sharks.（在这三个网 站中最大的Oslob,人们更愿意谈论由此带来的生活质量的改善和就业机会的增加。在规模较小、利润较 低的网站，人们的反应更可能是人们对待鲨鱼行为的变化）“可知，当地人关心生活质量的改善，就业机会 的增加和人们对鲨鱼的行为，所以不关心的是：人与人之间的关系。故选D。13 .推理判断题。根据第三段中“Before the introduction of tourist activities, most of the locals admitted to harming the sharks by hitting them with stones, harpoons, paddles, dynamite or riding them.（在引入旅游活动之前，大多 数当地人承认用石头、鱼叉、船桨、炸药或骑着鲨鱼来伤害鲨鱼）”可知，在生态旅游之前人们对海洋生物 的行为是“不可持续的故选C。14 .细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“It concluded that further studies were needed to assess these impacts before firm conclusions could be drawn regarding the positive impact of whale shark tourism on ocean conservation.（它 的结论是，在得出关于鲸鲨旅游对海洋保护的积极影响的确切结论之前，需要进一步的研究来评估这些影 响）”可知，将来对旅游业的研究重点是对海洋生物的影响。故选A。15 .主旨大意题。结合文章第一段中“A study has shown how ecotourism in the Philippines has transformed people's attitudes towards marine（海洋的）conservation.（一项研究表明，菲律宾的生态旅游改变了人们对海洋 保护的态度。）“可知，文章主要讲述的是一项研窕结果，即生态旅游可以让人们转变对海洋保护的态度。 故选D。16 . FI7. D18. GI9. B20. E【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文针对网上购物诈骗提出了一系列的对策和建议。16 . 根据后文的"Often, these offers will more likely than not download some unwanted software onto your device rather than give you a good deal（通常情况下，这些优惠会把一些不想要的软件下载到你的设备上，而不是给 你一个优惠。）“可知，此处强调的是一些网络诈骗是以提供优惠的方式，来诱导消费者将不想要的软件下 载到消费者的手机上。交代了不要急于接受这些看似很好但是不真实优惠的原因。F选项“Don，tbcto。quick to jump at secmingly-too-good-to-bc true offcrs.（不要急于接受看似太好而不真实的优惠。）”中的seemingly- too-good-to-be true offers指代的就是下文的these offers，故前后呼应。故选F°.根据前文的“While " s" isn't everything when it comes to security, it definitely provides a level of proleclion.（当谈到安全性时，“ s”并不是-一切，但它确实提供了一定程度的保护。户可知，此处强调的 是 s 提供一定程度的安全保护。D 选项“Checking whether or not a site uses " s" is easy to do.（检杳一 个网站是否使用“ s”是很容易的。户，与此呼应。故选D。17 .根据前文“Check that the URL is right. It sounds simplistic（检查URL是否正确。这听起来简单）“，可知， 检查URL是否正确的做法听起来是简单的，后文应该阐述的是这种做法的必要性。G选项“However, ifs important to do this before entering personal in formation.（但.是，在输入个人信息之前这样做是很重要的。）”与 前文构成转折关系，句中的（his指代的就是检查URL是否正确的做法。故选G。18 .根据后文的"Ms generally best to avoid shopping online using public Wi-Fi networks because public Wi-Fi typically exhibits poor securily and is often scanned by hackers.（一般来说,最好避免使用公共 Wi-Fi 网络网购， 因为公共Wi-Fi通常安全性较差，经常被黑客扫描）”可知，该段主要提出的建议是避免在公共Wi-Fi网络 网购。故B选项“Avoid shopping on public Wi-Fi.（避免在公共Wi-Fi上购物。）”与此呼应，概括本段的主 旨。故选B。19 . 根据前文的“ Generally, websites shouldn't ask fbr your personal ID number or your password to another site to sell you something.（一般来说，网站不应该要求你的个人身份证号或密码到另一个网站来卖东西给你。户 可知，此处强调的是在网站上购物的时候，一般不会要求在另外的购物网站输入个人的身份证号和密码的， 后文应该强调这样做的结果。E选项“If they do this , you are probably at risk of being scammed.（如果他们这 样做，你可能有被骗的风险。）”中的ihis,指代的就是前文的做法，同时也强调了该做法的后果，就是被骗。 能够承接前文，故选E。20 . C22. D23. A24. C25. B26. C27. C28. A29. A30. B31. A32. B33. D34. B35. D【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了由于作者有厌食症，因此午餐时间对作者来说是个噩梦，但在朋友和家 人的帮助下，作者了解到了日常工作的乐趣，比如吃午饭。21 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Riverview,午餐时间对我来说通常是一场噩梦。A. learning学习；B. exercise 练习；C. lunchtime 午餐时间;homework 家庭作业。根据后文“the dining hall”以及"to enjoy a "normal” lunch”可知，午饭时间对作者来说是一场噩梦。故选C。22 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走进餐厅时，所有的目光都集中在我瘦骨嶙峋的身材上。A. left离开； B. cleaned打扫；C. crossed横穿；D. entered进入。根据后文“the dining haH”可知，此处指走进餐厅，故选 Do.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会坐在一桌朋友旁边，试着享受一顿“正常”的午餐。A. try尝试；B. offer 提供；C. remember记得；D. stop停止。根据后文“to enjoy a “normal” lunch”可知，作者坐在朋友旁边,试 着享受一顿“正常”的午餐。故选A。23 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是我不会总是吃午饭，这让我的朋友们非常担心。A.purpose目的；B. attempt 企图：C. problem 问题；D. excuse 借口。根据后文“I would not always eat hmeh”可知,作者的问题 是不总是吃午饭，故选C。24 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：问题是我不会总是吃午饭，这让我的朋友们非常担心。A. surprised使吃惊； B. worried 使担忧；C. puzzled 使疑惑；D. bored 使厌烦。根据上文“I would not always cat lunch, and that greatly”可知，作者不总是吃午餐让朋友担心。故选B。25 .考查动词词义辨析工句意：我决定不把我的饮食失调告诉学校里的任何人，因为那时我差不多已经康 复T o A. succeeded 成功;B. lost 丢失；C. recovered 恢复;D. quit 停止。根据后文“Strangely, I stopped fearing lunch when I started at Madison.”可知，作者那时几乎已经康复了。故选Co.考查连词词义辨析。句意：没有人知道我有饮食失调症，所以他们不关心我吃了什么。A. but但是； B. unless 除非；C. so 所以；D. though 尽管。由“No one knew that I had an eating disorder”和“they did not care what I ate”可知，前后文为因果关系，表示“所以”应用so。故选C。26 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：这大大减轻了我生活中的压力。A. lifted解除；B. created创造;C. caused 引起；D. developed发展。根据后文“a huge amount of stress from my life”可知，此处指生活中的压力减轻 了，应用lift。故选A。27 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，在别人面前吃东西仍然很困难，这对厌食症患者来说很常见， 但我能够把我的一些恐惧放在一边。A. fears恐惧;B. desires渴望：C. beliefs信仰;D. doubts怀疑。由上 文“It was still hard for me to eat in front of others, which is common fbr an anorexic, but I was able 可知, 作 者可以把这种恐惧放到一边了。故选A。28 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友关心我的健康，但他们没有把我当作一个人来关心。A.refused拒 绝；B. failed 失败；C. pretended 假装；D. promised 许诺。根据后文“to care about me as a person”可知，此处 指未能做成某事，应用fail to。故选.考查副词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊的学生花时间了解了我的真实身份。A. really真正地；B. probably很 可能；C. eventually 最后；D. merely 仅仅。根据上文“The students at Madison took the time to know who F'nf 知，麦迪逊的学生花时间了解了作者的真实身份。故选A。29 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不知道我曾经是厌食症患者，所以一个特殊的标签不会影响他们对我 的看法。A. express表达；B. color涂颜色，粉饰，影响；C. share分享；D. confinn确认。根据上文“They had no idea that I had been an anorexic, so that a particular label did not”可知，此处指作者曾经是厌食症患者不 会影响他们对作者的看法，故选B。30 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的才能和成就终于得到了认可，而不是我的失败。A.determined下决心； B. identified 鉴定；C. envied 羡慕；D. recognized 认识，认可。根据后文“fbr my talents and achievements” 知，此处指作者因为才能和成就得到认可。故选D。31 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不再害怕展示我真实的个性。A. responsibility货任；B. personality个性； C. appreciation 欣赏；D. ambition 抱负。根据上文“I was honored as a good student. I was no longer afraid to show my true”可知，作者被评为好学生，因此不再害怕展示自己真实的个性。故选B。32 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我了解到日常工作的乐趣，比如吃午饭。A.iough艰苦的；B.complex复 杂的；C. specific特定的;D. routine日常的。根据后文“tasks such as eating lunch”可知,此处指像吃饭这样的日常工作。故选D。33 . on37. financia138. carrying39. shor（age40. Which41. to keep42. Finally43. the44. was convinced45. had reached【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了探险家克里斯托弗哥伦布发现新大陆的故事。36 .考查介词。句意：哥伦布坚持寻找一条直达东印度群岛的海上航线，即横渡大西洋。insiston为固定搭 配，意为“坚持故填31。37 .考查形容词。句意：经过不断的努力，他得到了西班牙国王和王后的财政支持。修饰名词support,用 形容词financial,意为“财政的"。故填financial。38 .考查非谓语动词。句意：1492年8月3日，他带着三艘船离开西班牙，船上约有90名船员。分析句 子可知，carry（运载）作后置定语修饰名词ships,是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语ships之间是主动关系，应 用现在分词表主动。故填carrying。39 .考查名词。句意：这次旅行充满了挑战：比预期的时间长，他们面临食物短缺，其中一艘船漏水严重， 这让船上的每个人都处于严重的危险之中。根据句意和空格前不定冠词a可知，应填入名词shortage构成 短语a shortage of.,意为“短缺,缺少故填shortage。40 .考查定语从句。句意：这次旅行充满了挑战：比预期的时间长，他们面临食物短缺，其中一艘船漏水 严重，这让船上的每个人都处于严重的危险之中。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面 整个句子“one of the ships was leaking badly”，句中所述在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系which引导该定 语从句。故填which。41 .考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管面临种种挑战，哥伦布还是凭借自己的知识和勇气，成功地让大家远离 了危险。manage to do为固定搭配，跟不定式作宾语，意为“设法完成某事故填to keep,.考查副词。句意：最后，在10月12 H,船员们在远处发现了陆地。提示词修饰副词个句，作时间状 语，应用副词finally,意为“最后”；句首单词首字母大写。故填Finally。42 .考查冠词。句意：最后，在10月12日，船员们在远处发现了陆地。inthedisiance是固定短语，意为 “在远处”。故填the。43 .考查固定短语和时态。句意：哥伦布称住在岛上的土著人为印第安人，因为他确信他在东印度群岛。be conviced （that）.是固定短语,意为“确信”,其中conviced是形容词;讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时 态，主语是第三人称单数代词he, be动词用was。故填was convinced。44 .考查时态和语态。句意：然而，他们到达的海岸是加勒比海，而不是东印度群岛。分析句子可知，reach（到 达）是句中谓语动词，与主语hey之间是主动关系，根据句意可知，”到达加勒比海岸”发生在谓语动词were, 是“过去的过去“，应用过去完成时态。故填had reached。45 . Dear editor.Since the first Traditional Chinese Culture Festival is coming, there has been a heated discussion on whether to wear traditional Chinese costume or school uniforms at the festival. As for me, I would be happy to wear traditional Chinese costume.Firstly, the clothes that we wear can precisely display our culture. So wearing traditional Chinese costume is more suitable for the activity. Secondly, we seldom have an opportunity to wear traditional Chinese costume, so this is a good time for us to wear the costume to express our love for our culture.All in all, the traditional Chinese costume will make the occasion very unique and impressive. And I'm in favour of wearing traditional Chinese costume.Yours,Li Hua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就文化节时穿中国传统服装还是校服给你校英语报的编 辑写一封信陈述你的看法。【详解】1.词汇积累至I来：come>around the corner关于：onconcerning开心的：happy>delighted机会：opportunity>chance2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：So wearing traditional Chinese costume is more suitable for the activity.拓展句：So there is no doubt that wearing traditional Chinese costume is more suitable for the activity.【点睛】【高分句型 1 Since the first Traditional Chinese Culture Festival is coming, there has been a heated discussion on whether to wear traditional Chinese costume or school uniforms at the festival.（运用 了 since 引 导 的原因状语从句，whether引导的宾语从句）【高分句型 2 】Firstly, the clothes that we wear can precisely display our culture.（运用了 that 引导的定语从句）46 . One possible version:lb my surprise, no one followed me. I lowered my head alone and was filled with fear. After looking a-round for a while, Mrs. Hill walked towards me. Strangely, she asked in a soft voice, uWhy did you dare to stand up?” I said I wanted to be honest and that I realized what I had done was wrong. Unexpectedly, Mrs. Hill was quite amazed by my answer and praised me for that. Then she returned to the front of the classroom and explained why we should be honest.With Mrs. Hill's encouragement, another student stood up. Then more students followed until about half of the students stood up. Seeing it, Mrs. Hill praised us for our courage. Then, she asked us to sit down. We continued reading books. After we finished, Mrs. Hill reminded us to remember that everyone should be responsible for his behavior. We all agreed with her. And I was happy that in a way I set a good example to my classmates.【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在高中上Mrs. Hill的课时，Mrs. Hill因为有事临时离开教室， 要求大家默读，并且说当她回来时.，那些不默读书籍的人必须I可答她的问题。但是在老师走后不久，同学 们就开始说话，宜到大约有一半同学说话时，作者也忘记了老师的指示，开始跟朋友借故事书。但是正在 这时Mrs. Hill回到了教室，并且要求说话的同学站起来。作者想到父母教育要诚实，于是鼓起勇气站了起 来。【详解】1.段落续写由第一段首句内容“令我惊讶的是，没有人跟随我。”可知，第一段可描写没有人跟随我站起来，老师的 反应是什么以及我的感受。由第二段首句内容“在希尔夫人的鼓励下，另一个学生站了起来。'可知第二段可描写在希尔夫人的鼓励 下陆续有同学站起来，之后老师如何教育我们。2 .续写线索：无人跟随恐惧老师询问表扬同学跟随老师教育喜悦.词汇激活行为类走向： walk towards/step towards/come up to想要：want to