江苏省南京市第三高级中学2022-2023学年高三上期期末英语达标训练试题(含答案).docx

2022-2023学年高三上期期末英语达标训练试题第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37；分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出地佳选项.AMother Nature is a cruel mistress. Why? Read on to find (he answer.VeniceThis ictxiie cily is sinking rapidly. The canals (hai make up Ilie streets of Venice rise 2mm every year, making relics of history- go under the surface of water and destroying architecture. Experts warn that without inicncntion(干预).this city will disappear back into the water at an even faster rutc. consumed by riving 但 level from niehing pohr ice cps.Machu PicchuThese iconic mins have drawn adventurous tourists into the nu>untains of South America. The forces of natural cn»sion( (Stll)havc been accckralcd by (ourism and this landmark faces severe influence Inxn increasing foot traffk. The Pcaivian government recently suggested a c<ib!c car (hat would cut out the intense hike up to ik ruins, nuking the site instantly accessible to millions but the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertain.(vlacier National parkPerhaps you've heard ihai the ice caps are netting. But nowhere is more apparent in the United States than in Glacier Nationul Park. Estimates indicate that the glaciers that arc part of (he beamy of this national landmark will disappear entirely in the next two decades.The Great Barrier ReefHidden from view beneath (he waves, the Great Barrier Reef hits been rupidly dying off. Nearly fifty percent of coral which once occupied a la 里 c area is gone, destroyed by pollution and disease.1. What can we learn about Machu Picchu?A. Ils tanHius for uiblecurs.B. 1( bcm a heavy burden of tourism.C. It's well preserved by the locals.D. Il hits no coovenicnl iraffic.2. Which place probably needs visitoni to dive into the water to ctijoy iis beauty?A. Venice.B. Machu Picchu.C. The Great Barrier Reef.D. Glacier National Park.3. What do the above attraciions have in common?A. They all have a long history.B. They're all threatened by climate.C. They're all in danger of disappearing.D. They're all well-known foe natural scenery.BTbd Morgan was txxn blind, mentally challenged、and auciMic. So he couldn't see. he could ncx leni like o<her children, and be didn't interact with people very much. He did n“ seem k> huvc much of n chance. Then, when he was two years old. he began to play little songs on his tiny toy piano. He could play perfecily M)me of ibe children'、lunes he had Iward.Today. Tbd works as u professional pianist. He plays jazz. Broadway songs, and classical piece， After Iwaring a tune, he can imiutc it almost perfectly the first lime be plays it. He docsn'i only imiuae： 1(x! is crcalive l<x>. He can change a classkal piece Io a p/z, a ja/z lu a polka, and a ptilka (o a waltz. In addition to the piano. Tod plays 13 enber instruments and also sings. Tod's list of musical heroes includes Louis Amiswong. Mozxin. and Beeiboven. How can this be? How can such a seventy challenged person be m) musically laknled?Tod has what is called "savant syndrome" -a condition in which a mcnully challenged person has a lightly developed (alem of a specifk kind. Savant syndrome is a mysien' to medical reseatvhei. One perwn who is studying s«ivan( syndrome is Dr. David Brighton. He says that be Iuin never seen a muskal savant like Tod. Most musical savants arc limited to simply repeating tunes they bear. Dr. Brighton poinix out that TodK ability【ccorne up with his own tunes is a giani step beyond n>enM>rizat>on./x for 'RxJ. after studying jazz piano M (he Mwsic School 加 Riven* in MuNachucU he atlcnded and graduated from the famous Bcrklcc College of Music in Boston. Tod is encouraged by his parents as he perfbriits all over (he woiid. appealing nn TV and radn) shows.4. What docs the aulbor mean by saying thm Ibd "did not seem to have much of a chance"' A. Tod was not likely to be completely cured.B. TixTs chances of success in life were inall.C. Tod's ability to learn music was very limited.D. Tod would have few opportunities to meet others.5. A penwxi wilh savant syndrxHne is.A. mentally disabled but specially giftedsocially inactive but musically talentedB. physically disabled but highly inielligenipsychologically challenged but physically gifted6. What distinguishes Ibd from most musical savants?A. His memory. B. Hixcreativiiy. C. Hix socbbility. D. Hi$ learning speed.7. What can be concluded from the text?A. Tod is a typical case of a serious disease.8. Family xupp<»rt is vital 10 Tod'、田”very.9. Music connects Tod to the world around him.10. Musk education is a cure to ibe mentally disabled.CVideo conferencing has been around for more than 20 years. Until the Covid-19 pandemic, though, you would find (hat many people needing to attend a meeting remotely would be calling from a real conference room full of Ibeir (iimnulcs. Tcnlay, we're routinely holding video ccmfcrvnccN ihal arc 100% virtual (j£Kl). And this is creating a pr6blem that technology can't fix.The problem is us. specifically (he fuel that sc haven't evolved socially to the point where we can bear much separution. So much of our well-being und work prcxluclivity is decidedmi how close we arc physically. The removal of that for any period of time can be severely damaging. One surprising victim of social distancing is laughterNormally people laugh about 18 limes per diiy.八nd 97% of that time were laughing with othen;- we arc 30 times more likely (o laugh with other* than (o laugh alone. Think about it: how often when you and your friends laugh at M>meihing. is that something actually funny? Research shows that of whai people laugh at is really n(K (hat funny.So why do people laugh? They laugh in order to laugh with others. Just as everyone starts yawning (打哈欠)when just oiw person yawns, most people can't help but hugh when around (hern do. This is why TV comedy shows often use prerecorded laugh tracks.Laughing in response to other people's laughing is not just a behavioral phenomenon. When we laugk our Ixxiy pniduces two key chem心卜：endoiphin which helpx relieve pain aixl sees off feelings of plciisurc. and dopamine which can improve learning, motivation and attention. In fact, studies show that people can stand 15% more pain simply by laughing for a few minutes beforehand. Laughter is also asMXrhted with higher tnolivalion hh! prcxiuclivily a( wnk.In todays home-alone, virtual-team world, this is exactly what you as u team leader should be doing: for your tc4im members to stay healthy and productive, you need co get them to laugh more and stress less.X Whai is the problem inentinned a( (he suit cf【be text?A. Physical weakness.B. Lack of technology.C. Social distancing.D. Reliance or virtual conference.9. The underlined word "Th" m paragraph 4 refers (o the fact that.A. laugh tracks arc popularB. laughing is uncontrollableC. laughing starts with yawningD. laughing coincs more easily in groups10. Wha( is paragraph 5 mainly about?A. Why laughing is imponant to work.B. How laughing keeps us physically healthy.C- Wbetber laughing is u behavioral phenomenon.D. What chemicals our body produces when we laughWhai would the author most probably discus ikxi?A. Concrete steps (o pr<xluce laughter in ” 3m.B. Other faclon that may influence a team's health.C. Ways to tell the real world from the vitwal world.D. The inifKirtance of maintaining went pnuiucdvily.DIF you have trouble falling asleep, listen up. You might fill I asleep 15 minutes ciirlkr and wake up ftir kss during the night if you put on a pair of socks at bedtime.lb uikktiand why. you first need to grasp the relationship between core body temperature and bleep. During(kiyligh( hours, the human body has an average (cmpcraturr of 37'C. But your core body temperature drops as much as I.2X? over one night's sleep. This gradual decrease is a key pan of how we sleep. Pul、imply. ibe faster)ou can lower your con? luidy temperaiuiv. the faster you will fall axleep.Oik u«iy that your body controls its temperature is through blood vessels the skin. If your body is too hot. your blood vessels widen, pushing the warmer blood nearer the skin's surface, helping it to cool. If your biMly is loo cold, the opposite lup|Kns. Your hl<xxi vessels narrnw. res(rk(ing (he flow of blood to the surface.The palms of your feet arc one of your body's most efficient heat exchangers, since they arc hairless and pnxecied than other skin surfaces. Researcherx have shown lha( wanning (lie feel behwe going k> sleep using a warm fool bath or by wearing socks promotes blood vessel widening, which in (um lowers the body's core temperature faster than going to sleep with cold, bare feet.ScienuMs suspect (hai socked feel luive a xleep-benefiting effect on (he brain as well. The warm-sensitive ncunm“ 神短尤)in the bniin become more active when there's a temperature difference between the body's core and the feet. Researchers have found that these ncumns become more active as we get sleepy aixi slow down as we wake up. so duii warming up ihe feet before bediinw nuy give them an extra drive, making you feel sleepier.In a small study, researchers fbuiki that wearing a pair of special "sleeping socks*' not only sped up the coming of xkep. but incnstrd overall sleep lime by an average of 30 minules and cul nighllinte waking episodes in half. If you're worried about becoming too warm, look fbr seeks made of natural fibers.11. In which section of a iKwspaper can we Gnd this text?A. AdvcrtiscnKnl. B. LitcMylc.C- Opinion.D. Trend.12. What change docs warm feet bring to the body?A. Slowed brain reaction.B. Narrowed blood veueU.C. Reduced core body temperature.D Dccreiiscd blood pressure.13. How might the brain's wann-sensitivc neurons help sleep?A. Tl»ey inighi l>elp to warm up the feet.B. They might speed up temperature growthThey might slow dow the brain's blood flow.C. They inighi biing on xleepiness when aciivaied.15- Whiil is (he finding of the xmall study mentioned in the last paragraph?A The wamnh of socks depends on their material.B. 出ople wearing Mxrks fall askep 50 percent faster.C. Special socks iiKEsc temperature more cITcctivcIy.D. Sock wearing helps people sleep longer and wake less 第二节共S小鹿：每小咫2. S分.满分12. S分) 根据履文内容，从税文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的址佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项，Is it true that British pcopk have a diflcrcnt sense of humor than people in ocher countries? Let's have kHik al whal we laugh al in Brilain.16 It's no< just politicians who make us Uiugh. but anyone whose job is (o tell exherpeople what to do and who lakes themselves too seriously.We laugh al authoniy. but also sympaiheikally laugh w ith anyone we think is treated badly. 17 Our clowns are often silly people doing silly things - Mr Bean, fbr examplewhile in America, they arc often clever people doing clever things and winning.The fact (hat we laugh when od>er people might feel luxpeless is oi»e of Ilie <xidesi things(o ppiectate about British humor. We do have a strong scivsc of irony (反 iM) *Not very pleasant/ we might say after some terrible experience. 18"liM a bit windy today." we might say in the middle of a lyplxxwi, or 'There' a slight problem/ when sontelhing has gone very seriously wrong. 19Another thing that can make it ditlkult to undcniUind British humor is that we don't always laugh or even smile when we say sonxihing funny. 20Do you think (he British sense of humor i、unique?A. In addition, we tend (o play things down.B. We often keep a straight face even when we're nuking a joke.C- Culture play a big pairt in bow funny you may find something.D, We know they can't win. but if they do so sometimes, it's even funnier.E. Brits don't express exuenie feelings: we just "keep calm and carry on".F. Brits turn (o laughter as u form of medkinc when life knocks them down.G. To the British, powerful and important people arc often sources of laughter.第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)笫一节(共15小胜；包小区I分，满分15分)同诜下面就义,从短文后各题所给的A. B. C和D四个选项中,选出可以灿入空白处的0佳 选项.The nwjority of people arc convinced tluit they don't have much imugination . They arc 21 Everyone has imagination, but most of us forget how(o 22 it once we become adulu. Creativity isn't always 23 w ith great w«)fks of art or ideas. People al work aixi in their free time 24 think of creative ways to solve problems. Herr arc (hrcc techniques to help you-Make connections? It involves taking 25 ideas and trying to find links between them.Think about problem «)solve or (he job (o do. Then find an image, for example, a caiklle.Write down all the ideas 26 with candles. Connect the 27 with the job you have to do. So imagine you want to buy a friend an original 28 : you could buy him ekkets to a match or lake him <ml for (lie night.No limits! Imagine that normal limiUitions don't 29 Y(xj have as much imagination as you want. Think about your goal aikl the new 30 . If your goal is to learn to ski. 31 you can now practice skiing every day. Now 32 1hi lo reality. Maybe you can praciice skiing every day in December, or every Monday in January.Be someone else. Look at the siiuaiion from a 33 point of view. GkxxI writers use this (echnique. Ficiivxi wriieis often imagine they are I he 34 in tlieir book*. If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their 35 The best tishcnncn think like fish!21. A. mistakenB. accurateC.reasonableD.incredible22. A. fit in withB. become aware ofC.make use ofD.keep track of23. A. equippedB. comparedc.occupiedD.coiKeriKd24. A. routinelyB. skillfullyC.apparentlyD.abruptly25. A. relevantB. unrelatedC.civativeD.imaginary26. A. presentedB. markedC.indicatedD.aKweiated27. A. ideasB. assessmentsC.arrangementsD.practices2S. A. itemB. «rv»ceC.presentD.i>bjeci29. A. existB. occurC.operateD.change30. A. tcndciKksB. limitationsC.possibilitiesD.aumptions31. A. as a nutter of fact B. in other word、C.as a wholeD.f<>r insunce32. A. devoteB. applyC.reviseD.contribute33. A. personalB. globalC.diftcrcntD.positive34. A. featuresB. iheniesc.cnituresD.clviracters35. A. locationsB. positionsC.imagesD.impressions第二节共10小题：每小虺I. 5分，满分IS分1阅读下面短文，在空门处填入1个适当的单词或括号内取词的正确账式，China has recently announced the formal establishment of its find five national parts. Giant Panda National Pati <GPNP»is one 36 ibe list. GPNP is located in Ceniral China spreading 3Ctv>ss Skhuan, Ningxia and Shuanxi. Once 37 (complete), the new natiomil park will include 67 existing panda reserves.The giani panda is a fanM)u> syintul of China and one of (he most adorable 38 (creature)iiciws the globe. GPNP hits a population of arxwnd 1.800 giant pandus. 39 accounts for over 80%of (he Chinese giant panda population.Coni»eciing these reserves aikl establishing piucected areas beixveen 40 will allow paikhs cotravel betw