中考英语一轮复习之 -ed形容词、-ing形容词和–ly结尾的形容词的用法与归纳.docx

-ed形容词、-ing形容词和- ly结尾的形容词的用法 与归纳一、-ed形容词的用法与归纳-ed形容词就是指那些-ed分词转化来的形容词。这类形容词主 要用来说明人的感受，含有“感到”之意，其中比较常见的有；amused开心的astonished 惊讶的delighted高兴的disappointed 失望的 excited 激动的frightened 恐惧的interested感兴趣的moved感动的pleased高兴的puzzled迷惑的satisfied满意的surprised吃惊的tired疲劳的worried担心的请看以下例句：He was much amused by all this talk. 这一席话让他觉得十 分好笑。She was quite astonished at his rudeness.他的粗鲁令她相 当吃惊。The boy was delighted with his new knife. He had been wanting one for a long time.男孩对新小刀很高兴。他早就想要 一把了。She was disappointed at his refusal.他拒绝了她很失望。The audience were very excited by the show.演出使观众非 常激动。The frightened horse began to run.受惊吓的马开始跑了 起来。The latest big idea is to make women more interested in sport.最新的大计划是让女性对运动更感兴趣。She was moved when her neighbour remembered her in his wil. 她的邻居在遗嘱提到她，她被深深地打动了。My doctor says she is pleased with my progress. 我的大夫 说她对我的病情好转非常高兴。I'm puzzled about the situation.我对局势感到迷惑不解。A ta conscious level. I was quite satisfied with my life, 在意识层面，我对生活颇满意。He didn't notice the surprised look on her face, 他没注 意到她脸上惊异的表情。I'm tired of living abroad.我在外国住已经厌烦了。I was worried that the branch wouldn* t take my weight. 我 担心树枝承受不了我的重量。二、-ing形词的用与归纳ing形容词就是指那些-ing分词转化来的形容词。这类形容词主 要用来说明给人的感受，含有“令人”之意，其中比较常见的有：amusing有趣的astonishing 惊人的charming可爱的disappointing令人失望的exciting令人激动的frightening 可怕的interesting 有趣的moving动人的puzzling令人迷惑的satisfying令人满意的surprising令人吃惊的tiring令人疲劳的worrying令人担心的请看以下例句：He proved himself to be an amusing man.他证明是一个有趣 的人。It* s astonishing that she should say that sort of thing to you.她居然对你说出那种话，真叫人吃惊。He is a bad-tempered fellow but he can be quite charming when he wishes.他是个脾气暴躁的人，但他愿意时也可以很温和。The scope of the exhibition is disappointingly narrow. 展品范围很窄，令人失望。This film is more exciting than any that I've ever seen. 这部影片比我所看过的都更令人激动。Seen from the student * s viewpoint, the oral exam can be frightening.从学生的角度来看，口试可能有些吓人。The walk takes you past a lot of interesting buildings. 走 这条路你会经过很多有意思的建筑物。There1s something deeply satisfying about eating vegetables that you have grown yourself.吃自己种的蔬菜让人 感到心满意足。That child shows a surprising understanding of adult behaviour那个孩子对成年人行为表现出惊人的理解。It was the most worrying day that he had ever spent. 这 是他度过的最烦恼的日子。三、-ed形容词和-ing形容词用法的说明有的人认为，-ed形容词只用于人，ing形容词只用工物。其实， 这种说法不很准确，太绝对了，其中的反例多的是一假若你是一个默的人，讲话也风趣，平时还和朋友开玩笑，那么别人就说你是 一个有趣的人，用英语他会怎么说呢？他会说：You are so interesting.又比如：有个小孩很淘气，父母很为他担心，此时我们就可以说：The parents are worried about their wonying son. 父母在 为他们令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。句中用worried说明父母，是因为父母感到担心；用wonying说 明儿子，是因为这个儿子令父母担心一你看，是不是-ing形容词也 完可以用于说明人！另一方面，-ed形容词用于指物的情况也不少见。比较并体会：a frightened look害怕的表情（指带有这种“表情”的人感到 害怕a frightening look吓人的表情（指这种“表情"令人害怕）an excited talk心情激动的谈话（指“谈话”的人心情激动 an exciting talk令人激动的谈话（指听“谈话”的人心情激动） 四、以-ly结尾的形容词许多人认为以- ly结尾的词一定是副词，但事实上并不一定。 英语中有些以-ly结尾的词却是形容词（或至少它可以用作形容 词）。这主要有以下几类：1、在friend, brother, woman等词后加上后缀Ty,通常是形 容词，而不是副词，其意义为“具有那种本性或本质的“，这类词常 见的有：beastly, brotherly, cowardly, earthly, fatherly, friendly, unfriendly, gentlemanly, heavenly, leisurely, manly, masterly, motherly, princely, queenly, kingly, lovely, scholarly, sisterly, womanly 等。 如：What beastly weather!多么恶劣的天气！Susan is a friendly girl. 苏珊是一个很友好的女孩。It is cowardly of you not to admit your mistake. 你不承 认错误就不是好样儿的。He has a very brotherly manner towards the little boys. 他 像哥哥一样对待那些小男孩。No earthly sovereign can do what he pleases. 没有一个世 间君王可以为所欲为。Let me give you a little fatherly advice. 让我谨向你提 些慈父般的劝告吧。Tom is very unfriendly to me as well.汤姆对我也很不友善。He looks very manly in his uniform. 他穿着制服十分精神。This is a masterly piece of work.这是一件杰作。We spent a heavenly day at the beach.我们在海滨痛痛快快地玩了 一天。He offered us a princely sum for it. 他慷慨出资要将它买 下。The group tour the museum at a leisurely pace. 这个旅游 团悠闲地参观这个博物馆。Her motherly kindness attaches us all to her. 她像母亲 一般仁慈，我们大家都很依恋她。Englishmen were regarded as the most gentlemanly people in the world.英国男子曾被认为是世界上最有绅士风度的人。The sceptre is an attribute of kingly power. 节杖是国王 权力的象徵。The squirrel is a lovely small animal. 松鼠是一种可爱的 小动物。She went, with her neat figure, and her sober womanly step, down the dark street. 她顺着黑暗的街道走去，显出利落匀称 的身材，迈着端庄的女人的步子。2、在hour, day等表示时间的名词词后若加上词毛Ty,也可用 作形容词（此时也可用作副词），其意为“每”，这类词比较常 见的有：hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, yearly, biweekly, bimonthly 等。例如：The trains leave at hourly intervals. 列车每隔一小时开 出一趟。（hourly为形容词）We are expecting news hourly. 我们时刻期待着消息。（hourly 为副词）Take two of the tablets three times daily before meals. 每日三次，每次两片，饭前服用。（daily为副词）The news was blazed all over the daily papers. 所有 日报 都刊登了这条消息。（daily为形容词）Monthly contributions to the pension scheme will be taken out of your salary.养老金制度中每月的公积金要从薪金中扣除。 （monthly为副词）The yearly conference will be held next month. 年会下个 月举行。（yearly为形容词）A female rat may have five or six litters yearly, and an average of nine per litter. 一只雌鼠每年可产幼仔五至六窝， 平均每窝九只。（yearly为副词）She asked him to contribute a biweekly article on European affairs.她让他每两周写一篇有关欧洲情况的文章。（biweekly 为形容词）The group meets on a regular basis, usually weekly or biweekly.这个小组定期会面，通常是每周或每两周一次。 （biweekly 为副词）3、有些以Ty结尾的词语在意思很容易搞错，如deadly, likely, costly 等。 deadly用作形容词的意思是“致命的；殊死的；极度的”。 如：The shock was deadly to him. 这次打击对他是致命的。He has become my deadly enemy. 他成了我不共戴天的敌人。It was deadly poison and if he drank it he1d probably die.这是致命的毒药，他要是喝下去很可能会丧命。 deadly用作副词的意思是“非常，极度地”。如：The north wind was bitter and deadly cold.北风寒冷刺骨。Broadcast news was accurate and reliable but deadly dull.新闻广播准确可靠但却非常枯燥。The United States had been deadly serious in its threat of military action.美国威胁说要采取军事行动绝对是认真的。 likely用作形容词的意思是“可能的，有希望的；适合的”。 例如：很可能他今晚会给我打电话。正：He' s very likely to ring me tonight.正：It' s very likely that he' 11 ring me tonight.很可能他会成功。正：It' s highly likely that he will succeed.正：He is highly likely to succeed. () likely用作副词的意思是“可能”通常与most, very连 用。如：I think she' 11 very most likely be late. 我想她很可 能遮到。Most likely he had gone for a glass of beer. 很可能他去 喝杯啤酒去了。 costly用作形容词的意思是“昂贵的，代价高的”。例如：The castle will undergo extensive and costly renovations.那城堡要用巨资进行全面整修。The long and costly strike proved to be the last nail in the company's coffin.长期罢工损失巨大致使该公司一蹶不振。The costly renovation of the old college building was criticized by most teachers. 花费很大的旧校舍的修复工程受到 大多数老师的批评。©costly通常不用作副词。