Unit3SportsandFitness词汇句型知识清单讲义-高中英语人教版必修第一册.docx

【知识清单】新人教高中英语必修一 Unit 3重点单词1. event n.比赛项目；大事；公开活动cuirent events时事，近期国内外大事sport event 体育赛事eventual adj.最后的，结果的；可能的；终于的eventually adv.最后，终于2. come along跟随；到达；进步；赶快V.+along = 1起 walk / run/ go / drive.+along3. ski adj.滑雪的vi滑雪go skiing去滑雪go hiking徒步旅行go skating去滑冰4. host vt.主办；主持n.主人；东道主；节目主持人host男主人hostess女主人hold a meeting举行会议（不一定是主办方）host a meeting举办会议（即表示举办，又表示主办方）host （主人）guest （客人）master （主人）servant （仆人）owner （物品的归属人）一user （使用者）5. track n.跑道；足迹；铁路轨道vt.& vi.追踪；跟踪根据语境翻译track （道，路，径踪迹）follow （he track 跟踪keep track of跟踪，与保持联系 lose track of失去线索，失去联系6. work out锻炼；计算出；解决，制定work out travel plan制定旅行计划7. make it获得成功；准时到达make it to the gate 准时到大门 口8. set an example树立榜样set an example fbr/totake sth for example 以为例9. honour n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸n.C很荣幸的一件事 It's an honour / a great honour to do 做很荣幸n. U抽象意义的荣耀in honour of为了纪念v.常用作被动be/feel honoured to do = It's an honour to do 为做而感到荣幸determination n.决心；决定determine vt.决定；判决determined adj.坚决的；坚定的；果断的 be determined to do. 决心做10. fall apart破裂；破碎；崩溃take sth apart 拆开;拆散tell sth apart from 分辨apart from = besidesapart adv.相隔,相距 The two houses stood 500 metres apart.两座房子相距 500 米。11. injure vt.（使）受伤；损害injured adj.受伤的；有伤的the injured 伤员sb get/be injured 受伤（常考被动）injury n.伤害；损伤do sb. an injury 伤了某人lose heart丧失信心；泄气lose one's heart to爱上某人,倾心于break one's heart伤心;使人伤心put one's heart into专心于；全身心投入heart and soul全心全意strength n. U力量；体力 C强项，优势 strengthsstrong adj.强壮的strengthen vt.加强；巩固warmwarmthdeep-depth widewidth longlengthfailure n.失败；失败的人（或事物）反义词：successfailure表示抽象意义的“失败”时，不可数；表示具体意义”失败的人或事”时，则可数。Failure is the mother of success.He is a success in his career but a failure in marriage.fail vt/vi没能做，不及格He failed （in） the exam.He failed to book a ticket on line.12. give up 放弃；投降=quit = stopnever give up doing 不放弃做give it upgive in to sb屈服于某人compete vi.竞争；对抗compete to do竞争做某事compete in参加比赛；在方面竞争compete for 为而竞争compete with/against.for.为争取而与对抗/竞争competition n.竞争competitor n.竞争者competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争性的make sense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚it makes sense that/to domake no sense 没意 义sth make sense有意义，讲得通sb make sense of 某人理解了pretend vi. & vt.假装；装扮pretend to do sth假装做某事pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事pretend to have done sth.假装已经做 了某事pretend that.假装audience n.观众；听众集合名词，可以is/areThe audience is becoming restless.观众开始不耐烦了。His performance attracted an large audienceoThe audience sre stamping and cheering.观众又是跺脚，又是欢呼。13. positive adj.积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的I'm positive that = I'm sure that 我很确定,我很肯定positive 阳性 negative 阴性diet n.规定饮食；日常饮食vi,节食be/go on a diet 节食 balanced diet平衡膳食He is dieting. = He is on a diet.他在节食。14. make a difference有作用或影响；有差别，造成影响，起作用make a difference 与 make sense 辨析make a difterence是有产生差异，从而有影响有意义，make sense只是有道理，讲得通sth make a difference to sb./sth.对有影响It makes a difference （to sb） to do make no difference 没影响，不重要15. rather than 而不是Rather than并列结构时，用法与前面的相同；无并列结构时，直接跟doing prefer to do rather than do / would do rather than do / enjoy doing sth rather than doing other than/morc than/less thanwould rather do sth than do sth/would do sth rather than do sth宁愿而不愿；与其倒不如Rather ad也（尤指谈论令人不快的事时）相当地rather difficult特别难，难得难以接受quite difficult挺难的，但是还能接受的范围cut out停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下；删除cut down砍倒；缩减cut up切碎cut off切断，阻隔comparewith/ to.与比较compare with为了找出同类东西的不同之地方compare to 把比喻成（表比喻，两物不同类）Children are always compared to flowersCompared with/to,（放句首的用法）Compared with/to modern communication, writing letters has more advantages.与现代通信相比，写信有更多的优点。comparison n.比较，对照 in comparison with 与相比较stress n.压力；紧张；重音under stress 在压力之下stress vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安stress that/sth + 句子stress the importance of. 强调的重要性stressful adj.紧张的；有压力的stressful relation with Japanfeel stressed感到有压力的重点句型Ifs up to sb to do sth 做某事由某人来决定叩t。达到（某数量、某程度），至多有be up to （doing） sth正在（做）；从事于；胜任做up to now到目前为止when引导时间状语从句，意为“当时候”when, while和as都可引导时间状语从句其具体含义和用法如卜.：（1）when "当时候”，可与延续性动词或短暂性动词连用；从句动作可以发生在主句动 作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生while ”当时候”，一般只可与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时发生（3） as "一边一边”常与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生When you apply for a job. you must present your credentials.当你申请工作时，你必须递交你的有关证书。Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal.客人们就要吃完的时候，玛丽去煮咖啡了。As he grew older, he became less active.随着他逐渐长大，他变得不那么活泼了。名师点津如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时表示在一段时间内正在进行的 动作，那么when, while与as可互换使用。When/While/As I was walking down （he street, I came across an old friend.我正沿着大街走时，碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。even if/though引导让步状语从句，语气较强，此外，if, though, although也可引导让步状 语从句；意为“虽然，尽管。©If life there was full of hardships, it was also full of joy and excitement.虽然那儿的生活非常艰苦，但是也是非常愉快和令人兴奋的。（这里的if相当于even if） Air exists everywhere although wc can't see it.尽管我们看不见空气，但它却无处不在。Even though/if I understand what you say, I can't agree with you.虽然我理解你说的话，但我不同意你的意见。once引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦就”once在本句中引导时间状语从句，意为“一旦就如果once引导的从句的主语 与主句的主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，或从句为“it be.”形 式时，从句中的“主语+be”或“itbe”可以省略。Once trust is lost, what is left?一旦失去了信任，还剩下什么呢？Once the song is heard, it will never be forgotten.一旦被听过，这首歌很难被忘记。Once seen, the picture is difficult to forget.一旦看见，这幅画很难被忘记。