高中英语现在完成时时态知识点梳理.pdf
1 高中英语现在完成时时态知识点梳理 单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem unless he _ on it for more than half an hour.Ais workingBworked Cwill be workingDhas been working 答案:D 解析:考查时态。句意:除非这个学生做这道数学题超过半个小时,否则我不会告诉他答案。时间和条件状语从句中用现在时表将来,故排除 C 项;再根据时间状语for more than half an hour可知,从句用现在完成进行时,故选 D。2、Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to since the flood hit the area last Friday.Ahave been missingBhave got lost Cbe missingDget lost 答案:A 解析:考查动词时态。句意:警方目前正在寻找一名女子,据报道,该女子自上周五洪水袭击该地区以来一直失踪。根据 Police are now searching for a woman 及 since the flood hit the area last Friday 可知,“那个女人”从上个星期五失踪到现在仍然没被找到,在将来还可能处于失踪的状态,此处应用现在完成进行时。故选 A.3、Why,youre late again!I _ here for over two hours!Aam waitingBWaited 2 Chave been waitingDwas waiting 答案:C 解析:试题分析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:为什么,你又迟到了!我在这里已经等了两个多小时了!过去已经完成等待的动作对现在造成的影响,并将可能持续进行。故选 C 项。考点:考查现在完成进行时【点评】现在完成进行时表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作,这动作可能仍在进行,也可能已停止。现在完成时通常只陈述事实,而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩。构成:。4、Hey,its you,Jackie!I didnt think you could be here A big surprise,right?I _ for you all the afternoon Ahave waitedBwas waitingChave been waitingDwaited 答案:C 解析:试题分析:本题的关键词是后面的时间状语 all the afternoon 整个下午,表示在过去的一段时间以来一直都在做的事情。句义:hi,是你啊!Jackie,我没有想到你会来这里。很奇怪,是吧我整个下午都在等你。根据句义说明整个下午我都在等对方。使用现在进行时的时态。故 C 正确。考点:考察时态 5、We _ on this project for four hours.Lets have a rest.Aare workingBhave been working CworkedDhad worked 3 答案:B 解析:考查时态。句意:我们已经做这个项目做了四个小时了。让我们休息一下吧。根据句意可知,项目还没有完成,有可能继续进行下去,符合现在完成进行时的定义,即发生在过去并对现在造成影响,且有可能继续进行下去的动作,用现在完成进行时,故选 B。小提示:6、Since last month,George,along with some of his former classmates,_ to have a 20-year gathering during this summer holiday.Ahave desiredBdesired Chave been desiringDhas been desiring 答案:D 解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自从上个月,乔治和他以前的老同学就一直想今年暑假举行 20 年老同学聚会。根据 Since last month 可知,这个愿望从上个月就有,再由 during this summer holiday.可知,这个愿望这个暑假才可能实现。表示动作发生在过去,持续到现在,有可能进行下去,用现在完成进行时。再由主谓一致可知,名词+along with+名词时,谓语动词和 along with 前面的名词 George 保持一致,即助动词应用 has。故选 D。7、It _ like this for ten days.Our clothes have to be dried with a dryer.Dont worry!According to the weather forecast,it will clear up the day after tomorrow.Ahas rainedBhad rained Chas been rainingDrained 答案:C 解析:4 考查动词时态。句意:这雨一直下了十天了,我们衣服都必须要用烘干器烘干。-别担心,天气预报说,后天天就放晴了。根据后文 According to the weather forecast,it will clear up the day after tomorrow 可知,雨一直下,还未停止,故用现在进行时表示过去动作一直持续到现在,并很有可能持续下去,故选 C。8、He is sure to pass the test,for he_ his lessons for the test every day over the past month.Awill reviewBwas reviewingChas been reviewingDhad been reviewing 答案:C 解析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:他一定可以通过测试,因为在过去的一个月里他每天都在为测试而复习功课。over the past month.(在过去的一个月里)是现在完成时的标志词,再结合句意,他复习的动作从过去持续到现在,故用现在完成进行时,主语 he 是第三人称单数,故用 has been reviewing。故选 C 项。9、It seems that water from this tap _ for some time.Well have to take it apart to put it right.Ahad leakedBis leaking CleakedDhas been leaking 答案:D 解析:考查时态。句意:这个水龙头里的水似乎已经漏了一段时间了。我们得把它拆开才能把它修好。根据句中时间状语 for some time 可知强调动作发生在过去,不间断进行到现在,并仍在继续,应用现在完成进行时。故选D。10、How much do you know about smog?Well,the newspapers _ it in the past few months.AreportBwill reportChave been reportingDreported 答案:C 5 解析:考查动词时态语态。句意:关于烟雾你了解多少?好吧,报纸在过去的几个月里一直在报道。时间状语 in the past few months 和现在完成时连用,此处表示在过去几个月一直进行的动作,用现在完成进行时。故选 C.11、-Look,what a mess in the kitchen!-I _cooking fish in a new way and I really have no time to tidy it up now.AtriedBhad tried Cwill tryDhave been trying 答案:D 解析:考查动词的时态。句意:看,厨房在乱了。我一直在用一种新的方法来做鱼,现在没有时间收拾。根据 I really have no time to tidy it up now.可知这个动作一直在进行,故选 D 项。12、You are a great swimmer.Thanks.Its because I _ a lot these days.Ahave been practisingBwas practising Cwould practiseDhad practised 答案:A 解析:考查时态。句意:-你游泳很棒。-谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语 these days(这些天)可知,“练习游泳”从数天前开始,一直持续到现在,因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。故选 A。13、I have to see the doctor because I _ a lot lately.6 AcoughsBcoughedChad coughedDhave been coughing 答案:D 解析:考查动词时态。句意:我得去看医生,因为我最近咳嗽得厉害。根据句意和时间状语 lately 可知,此处应用现在完成进行时,表示过去某一时间开始的动作,一直持续到现在,并有继续持续下去的趋势。故选 D 项。14、I _ so busily recently that I _ no time to help you with your maths.Thats OK.I can manage it by myself.Ahave been working;haveBhave worked;had Cam working;will haveDhad been working;had had 答案:A 解析:考查时态。句意:-我最近工作太忙碌了,没时间帮你学数学。-没关系我自己能搞定。由“recently”可知,本句为现在完成进行时,表示动作还可能持续下去,而第二个空表示现在所处的状态,所以用一般现在时。故A 选项正确。15、The cost of living recently _ steadily because of epidemic of COVID-19,leading some people to drop out of the big city race.Ais climbingBis being climbedChas been climbingDhas been climbed 答案:C 解析:考查时态和语态。句意:最近,由于 COVID-19 的流行,生活成本一直在稳步攀升,导致一些人退出了大城市的竞争。由时间状语 for many years 以及逗号后分句的时态可知,此处表示过去发生并且仍在进行的动作,故用现在完成进行时。故选 C。7 16、Oh,you said youd tell me the latest news about the missing Malaysian Airlines flight MH370.Sorry,I with my work at hand.I to that.Adeal;will comeBwas dealing;come Chave dealt;have comeDhave been dealing;am coming 答案:D 解析:考查时态。句意:你说你要告诉我关于马航 MH370 的最新的消息。对不起,我手头一直有事情要处理。我马上就来讲这件事。根据句意及所给句子可知,第一空用现在完成进行时,表示从过去到现在一直在处理工作,第二空用现在进行时表示将来。故选 D。17、I _ driving lessons for over a year,and still havent got my licence.Ahave been takingBhad takenCtookDwould take 答案:A 解析:考查时态。句意:我上驾驶课已经一年多了,可还没有拿到驾驶执照。根据“still havent got my licence.”可知,空处为现在完成进行时,表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。故选 A 项。18、Mary really hard on his book and thinks hell have finished it by Friday.AworkedBhas been working Chad workedDhas worked 答案:B 解析:8 考查时态。句意:Marty 一直努力写书,我想他到周五为止将已经完成了。用现在完成进行时表示从过去到现在一直进行的动作。所以选 B。小提示:英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定,因此在学习英语时态时,要注意分析动词形式及具体语境,想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景,这个动作是经常性动作、一般性动作、进行性动作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。现在完成进行时表示从过去到现在一直进行可能还要继续进行的动作。19、With the advancement of Chinas modernization,lives of people living in the west of the country _ tremendous changes over the past few years.Ahave been undergoingBunderwent Care undergoingDundergo 答案:A 解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:随着中国现代化进程的推进,在过去的几年里,生活在中国西部的人们的生活发生了巨大的变化。根据时间状语 over the past few years 可知,空处谓语动词需用现在完成进行时态:have/has been doing,表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在将会继续下去,主语是 lives of people,复数,所以助动词需用 have。故选 A。20、My sister graduated from university in 2017 and _ in a bank ever since.AworkedBhas been worked Chas been workingDhad worked 答案:C 解析:考查时态。句意:我姐姐 2017 年大学毕业后一直在一家银行工作。根据时间状语 ever since 可知,空处谓语9 动词需用现在完成进行时态:has/have been doing,表示过去发生的动词一直持续到现在将有可能继续下去,主语是第三人称单数 sister,所以此处助动词需用 has。故选 C。21、-That cant be!They_for forty minutes but no one has scored a goal yet-Too bad!Its almost half-time Ahad playedBplayed Chave been playingDwere playing 答案:C 解析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:那不可能!他们已经四十分钟了还没有人进球。太糟糕了,时间快过一半了。根据 for forty minutes 可知他们已经进行了四十分钟了还没进球,再根据下句 Its almost half-time 可知还要进行下去,所以要用现在完成进行时表示“表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去”的动作,所以 C 符合语境,故选 C。22、Joseph _ to evening classes since last month,but he still cant say“Whats your name?”in Russian.Ahas been goingBwentCgoesDhas gone 答案:A 解析:考查时态。句意:彼得从上个月就开始去上夜课,但是他仍然不能用俄语说“你叫什么名字?”根据语境和 since判断此处此处强调动作从过去开始持续到现在,且有可能继续持续,应用现在完成进行时,主语 Joseph 是第三人称单数,助动词用 has。故选 A。23、The number of private cars in China _ since 2005,but only 15 percent of them _ made in China.Ahas been increasing;areBhave increased;is 10 Chas been increased;isDhad increased;are 答案:A 解析:试题分析:考查动词时态。根据 since 2005,再根据动作是一直进行,所以用现在完成进行时,主语是 The number of,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;第二空主语是 only 15 percent of them,them 指 cars,可知谓语动词用复数形式,句意:自从 2005 年以来,中国的私家车数量一直在增长,但是只有 15%是中国制造的。故选 A。【知识拓展】1).The number of 作主语,后面的谓语动词用单数形式。The number of students is 60.2).(1)Since 自从以来(可作介词和连词),和现在完成时态连用。He has lived here since he came.自从他来到这里,就一直在这里住着。(2)It is/has been+一段时间+since+主语+一般过去时态+其他。自从做某事有多长时间了。在这个句型中如果从句的动作是终止性动词,则表示从动作开始到现在多长时间了;如果从句的动作是持续性动词,则表示从动作结束到现在多长时间了。It is three years since he joined(终止性动词)the army.他参军有三年了;It is five years since he lived(持续性动词)here.他住在这儿有五年了。考点:考查动词时态 24、-I _ so busily recently that I _ no time to help you with your maths.-Thats OK.I can manage it by myself.Ahad been working;had hadBhave been working;had Chave been working;haveDam working;will have 11 答案:C 解析:试题分析:句意:-我最近很忙,没有时间帮助你学习数学。-没关系,我自己能行。由 recently 可知,第一个空用完成时态,排除 A 选项。完成时强调的是对现在的影响,从句意知道,最近很忙,一直忙到现在,而且还要继续忙,所以没有时间帮助你,所以用 现在完成 进行时,排除 D 现在进行时,第二空是现在没时间,排除 B 将来时。另外:have no time 就是没时间的意思,中间什么也不加。故选 C。考点:考查动词时态的用法。25、Mother wanted to be a good provider,a role she _ since her marriage to Father.AshouldersBshouldered Cis shoulderingDhas been shouldering 答案:D 解析:考查时态。句意:母亲想成为一个良好的持家者,自从她嫁给父亲后,她就一直承担着这个角色。本句的关键是后面的 since her marriage to Father,该介词表示“自从”要和现在完成时或者现在完成进行时连用。故 D 正确。26、We can find beautiful light in the other person,which may be precisely what we _ for all along.Aare searchingBwill search Chave been searchingDhad searched 答案:C 解析:考查时态。句意:我们可以在另一个人身上找到美丽的光芒,这可能正是我们一直在寻找的。A.are searching正在寻找(现在进行时);B.will search 将要寻找(一般将来时);C.have been searching 一直在寻找(现在12 完成进行时);D.had searched 已经寻找(过去完成时)。结合语意,句子表示“寻找”这一动作是从过去的某时开始,一直持续到现在,可能停止也可能继续下去,应用现在完成进行时。故选 C 项。27、Housing prices_ since a few years ago.Therefore,its time the central government _ some effective measures to bring them under control.Ahave increased;would takeBhave increased;will take Chave been increasing;takesDhave been increasing;took 答案:D 解析:考查时态。句意:自从去年年底房价一直在上涨。因此,该是中央政府采取措施降低并控制房价的时候了。由since 判断句中需要完成时,并且根据语境,房价还在上涨中,故第一空用完成进行时;第二空考查句型Its/was time that 该是的时候了,从句中往往用过去时,也可以用should+动词原形;故答案是 D。小提示:1).Since 自从-以来(可做介词和连词),和现在完成时态连用。He has lived here since he came.自从他来到这里,就一直在这里住着。2).It is the first(second-)time that 主语+现在完成时态+其他。意思是:第几次做某事了。如果把 is 改成 was,则后面用过去完成时态。Its the third time that I have come to the Summer Palace.这是我第三次来到颐和园。3).Its(high)time that 主语+一般过去时态+其他。现在是该做某事的时间了。Its high time that we had lunch.现在是我们该吃午饭的时间了。4).It is/has been+一段时间+since 主语+一般过去时态+-。自从-有多长时间了。在这个句型中 since 引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时态,分两种情况:(1)如果从句的动词是终止性动词 leave/come/-,则表示“从动作开始到现在多长时间了。”It is three years since he began to smoke.他已经吸烟三年了。(2)如果从句的动词是持续性动词 stay/smoke/live-,则表示“从动作结束到现在多长时间了”。It is three years since he smoked.他戒烟三年了。13 28、Where is Peter?I cant find him anywhere.He went to the library after breakfast and _ his essay there ever since.Ahas writtenBhas been writingChad writtenDwere writing 答案:B 解析:考查时态。句意:彼得在哪儿?我哪儿也找不到他。他吃完早饭就去图书馆,从那时起就一直在那里写论文。根据 ever since,可知这里要使用现在完成进行时搭配,表示从过去到现在一直做的动作。而且还要进行下去,符合现在完成进行时的用法。故选 B。29、Where is Mother?She is in the kitchen.She _the housework all morning.AdoesBhas been doingChas doneDwas doing 答案:B 解析:考查时态。句意:-妈妈在哪里?-她在厨房,她一个早上都在做家务。根据句子分析看,此处表示母亲一上午都在做家务,现在仍在厨房做,故应用现在完成进行时,表示从过去至今一直在持续的动作。故选 B。30、In the past six years,Nadia Lalak environment-centered stories for school children.Ahas been writingBis writing Cwill be writingDhave writ ten 答案:A 解析:考查时态。句意:在最近的六年里,Nadia Lalak k 一直在为学校的孩子们撰写以环境为中心的故事。根据 In 14 the past six years 可知句子用现在完成时态,因为此处强调进行,故用现在完成进行时态,故选 A。31、Darling,the headache _ me.No wonder,you _ the South Korean TV soaps since last night.Akills;have watched Bis killing;have been watching Cis going to kill;were watching Dwas killing;had watched 答案:B 解析:先看第二空,根据时间状语 since last night 可以断定:从昨天晚上一直到现在都一直在看韩剧,因此应当用现在完成进行时态,而第一空表示现在非常头疼,故用现在进行时,因此选 B。32、I am sure Johnson will be admitted to a key university.I believe so.He _ for the entrance examinations for years.Awas strugglingBstrugglesChad been strugglingDhas been struggling 答案:D 解析:考查时态。句意:我确定约翰逊会被重点大学录取的。我相信是这样。他多年来一直在为入学考试而努力。时间状语“for+一段时间”常和现在完成时连用;此处用现在完成进行时,表示动作一直在持续,而且还有可能持续下去。故选 D 项。33、Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelopes _ these passages for years.AusesBusedCis usingDhave been using 15 答案:D 解析:考查时态。句意:像藏羚羊这样的野生动物多年来一直使用这些通道。根据后文 for years 可知,表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者可能仍然要继续下去,应用现在完成进行时。故选 D。34、Since Jack was laid off from his job three months ago,he _ a new one,but without luck.Alooked forBhad looked for Chas been looking forDis looking for 答案:C 解析:考查时态。句意:自从杰克三个月前被解雇后,他一直在找个新的工作,但是不走运。时间状语是 since 引导的,主句应该是现在完成时或现在完成进行时,这里强调动作一直在进行而且可能还要进行下去,用现在完成进行时,故选 C。35、Im fed up with the wet,cold weather here!I wish tomorrow a sunny day!Exactly.Actually,it_every day in the past two weeks.ArainedBwas rainingChas rainedDhas been raining 答案:D 解析:考查时态。句意:我受够了这里潮湿、寒冷的天气!我希望明天是晴天!准确来说。事实上,在过去两周的每一天都在下雨。根据第一句话可以知道,天气仍然不好,仍然在下雨,一直持续到现在,所以用现在完成进行时(has/have been doing)表动作从过去发生一直持续到现在。故选 D 项。小提示:16 分析现在完成进行时关键抓住三点:现在完成进行时的使用条件,其中之一就是“表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。”现在完成进行时的结构,has/have been doing。现在完成进行时的标志。其标志为:already(已经)、just(刚刚)、never(从不)、ever(曾经)、yet(仍然)、for+一段时间、since+过去时间/一般过去时态的句子、in the past+一段时间等。如题中,“in the past+一段时间”为现在完成进行时的标志,加上“下雨(rain)”这个动作也是一直延续、持续不断地,并且这个动作由过去开始一直持续到现在,故确定用 has been raining。36、China is becoming stronger and stronger and _ an important role on the international stage in recent years.AplaysBwas playingCplayedDhas been playing 答案:D 解析:考查动词时态。句意:中国正在变得越来越强大,近年来在国际舞台上扮演着重要的角色。由 in recent years可知,这里应该是用现在完成进行时,表示最近几年来一直存在的状态。故选 D 项。37、Since last month,George,along with some of his former classmates,_ to have a 20-year gathering during this summer holiday.Ahas been desiringBdesired Chad desiredDhave desired 答案:A 解析:考查动词时态。句意:自上月以来,乔治就和他以前的同班同学一直希望在今年暑假举办一个毕业 20 年的同17 学聚会。根据时间状语 since last month,可知谓语动词应用现在完成时态或现在完成进行时,且这个想法是一直存在的,还可能继续下去,故可用现在完成进行时,其结构为:助动词(have/has)+been+动词的现在分词。再结合选项,因主语为 George,第三人称单数,主谓语法一致,应用 has been desiring。故选 A 项。38、Mum,Dad ought to stop working?Yes,he has a bad headache because he _ too long.AreadBhas been reading Chad readDis reading 答案:B 解析:试题分析:考察现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在,并且还将持续下去。结构为 have/has+been+动词的现在分词。句意:上文:妈妈,爸爸应该停止工作了吗?下文:他由于一直读书时间过长而头疼。故选 B。考点:考察现在完成进行时 39、The teacher wont tell the students the answer to the difficult problem until they _on it for more than an hour.Ahave been workingBwill have workedCwill have been workingDhad worked 答案:A 解析:考查动词时态。句意:直到学生们做了一个多小时,老师才会告诉他们这道难题的答案。A.have been working(on)从事于,忙于(现在完成进行时);B.will have worked(on)从事于,忙于(将来完成时);C.will have been working(on)从事于,忙于(将来完成进行时);D.had worked(on)从事于;忙于(过去完成时)。结合语境可知,从句要表达的是将来的动作,且存在时间状语“for more than an hour”,需用将来完成进行时表18 达;且从句为“until”引导的时间状语从句,须遵循主将从现原则,当主句谓语用一般将来时,从句的谓语要用现在时,即:用现在完成进行时代替将来完成进行时。故选 A 项。40、Mr Smith _ a book,which will probably be completed next month.AwritesBhas writtenCwill be writingDhas been writing 答案:D 解析:考查动词时态。句意:史密斯先生一直在写一本书,可能下个月就能写完。根据“will probably be completed next month”可知,Mr Smith 一直在写这本书,结合选项,应使用现在完成进行时态,表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在,并还将继续下去。故选 D 项。41、-Where is Jerry?-He is at the library studying for his Japanese test In fact,he _for the test every day over the past week Ahas reviewedBwas reviewing Chas been reviewingDhad been reviewing 答案:C 解析:考查现在完成进行时。句意:-Jerry 在哪里?-他在图书馆为他的日语考试学习。事实上,他在过去的一周里每天都在为这次考试复习。由语境的时间和后面的every day over the past week表示复习是从过去一直持续到现在并且还在持续的动作,故用现在完成进行时。故 C 选项正确。42、For some time the expert _ people of the health risks caused by passive smoking.He says he wont stop until all the smokers around him decide to quit smoking.Ais warnedBis warningChas been warningDhas been warned 19 答案:C 解析:考查时态。句意:有一段时间这个专家一直在警告被动吸烟引起的健康危害,他说知道身边所有的抽烟者都戒烟了他才停止。由此可知警告这个动作是从过去到现在一直在做,而且还要继续,符合现在完成进行时的用法。故选 C。43、Wow,I didnt know you play golf so well.I _ for the last 6 months.AplayBplayed Cam playingDhave been playing 答案:D 解析:试题分析:考查时态。句意:哇,我不知道你打的高尔夫如此好。过去六个月我一直在打。根据句意可知,表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续进行到现在,强调动作的过程是一直进行,故用现在完成进行时态。故选 D。考点:考查时态 44、Tony,why are your eyes red?I _ up peppers for the last five minutes.AcutBwas cutting Chad cutDhave been cutting 答案:D 解析:20 考查现在完成进行时。句意:Tony,你眼睛为什么是红的?那是近五分钟以来我一直在切辣椒。”由for the last five minutes 时间状语可知,该动作由过去发生一直延续到现在(可能到将来)一直在