2022-2023年高中英语必考知识点归纳.pdf

1 2022-2023 年高中英语必考知识点归纳 单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、He _for us ever since he left school.Ahas been workedBworkedChas workedDwas working 答案：C 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自从他离开学校以来，他一直为我们工作。分析句意可知，句中关键词 ever since 表示“自从”，后接时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，主句的主语 he 是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词用单数；综上分析，空处应该用现在完成时单数形式 has worked。故选 C 项。2、Some measures have been taken to prevent students _ addicted to computer games.AbecomeBbecameCbecomingDto become 答案：C 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：已经采取了一些措施来防止学生们对电脑游戏上瘾。分析句子可知，此处为 prevent sb.(from)doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，from 可以省略，用动名词作宾语，故选 C。小提示：3、Linda listened intently to the piano music,_herself in its beauty.AloseBlostCto loseDlosing 答案：D 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：琳达专心地听着钢琴曲，陶醉在美妙的音乐中。分析句子结构可知 lose 在句中应用非2 谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 Linda 构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选 D。4、Look!A volunteer _ an old lady cross the street.Ais helpingBwas helpingChelpDhelped 答案：A 解析：考查时态。句意：看！一位志愿者正在帮助一位老太太过马路。根据上文 Look!可知表示动作此时此刻正在发生，应用现在进行时。故选 A。5、I started to _ my daily English learning in my WeChat Moments.Akeep track ofBkeep touch withCkeep away fromDlose track of 答案：A 解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始在微信时刻记录我每天的英语学习情况。A.keep track of 掌握的最新消息；了解的动态；B.keep touch with 和保持联系；C.keep away from（使）不接近；D.lose track of 不了解的情况，不了解的动态。根据 started to“开始”和 my daily English learning 可知，是了解英语学习动态。故选 A。6、As the day was fine,I made the suggestion _ for a walk in the park.Awe goBwe will goCwe should goDthat we go 答案：D 解析：考查同位语从句和虚拟语气。句意：因为天气晴朗，我就建议我们去公园散步。根据句子结构和意思可知，名词 suggestion 后面是用来解释它的具体内容，所以是同位语从句，从句中基本成分完整，不需要意思连贯，所以用连词 that 引导，不能省略；表示“建议”意思的名词 suggestion 的相关从句的谓语要用 should+动词原形的3 虚拟语气结构，should 可以省略。故选 D。7、Anyway,whether they like it or not,they do give people a very good _.AimpressionBimpressCimpressiveDimpressed 答案：A 解析：考查名词。句意：不管怎样，不管他们喜欢与否，他们确实给人们一个很好的印象。A.impression 印象；B.impress 留下深刻印象；C.impressive 令人印象深刻的；D.impressed 印象深刻的。“a very good”后跟名词的单数形式，因此空格处是“impression”，故选 A。8、We dont approve of the way _ she brings up her children.Is that also _ you disagree?Ain which;whatBthat;how Cwhich;whyD不填;where 答案：D 解析：考查定语从句关系词和表语从句连接词。句意：我们不赞成她抚养孩子的方式。这也是你不同意的地方吗？分析句子结构可知，第一空引导定语从句，先行词为 way，在从句中作状语，当 way 作为定语从句先行词，且在从句中充当方式状语时，引导词可用 in which/that/不填；第二空引导表语从句，在从句中充当地点状语，因而用 where 引导。综上，故选 D。9、The only approach _ is not simply to seal the city.Ato solveBof solvingCto solvingDfor solving 答案：C 解析：4 考查介词和动名词。句意：解决这个问题的唯一办法不是简单地封锁这座城市。approach to doing sth.做某事的方法，固定搭配；此处 to 是介词，后接动名词作宾语。故选 C。10、I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _ over the years.AmadeBam makingChave madeDmake 答案：C 解析：考查动词时态。句意：我喜欢来这里，看到我的家人和这些年来结交的朋友。根据时间状语“over the years”可知，此处使用现在完成时，其基本构成形式是：have/has done，主语为 I，助动词用 have。故选 C。11、The little girl playing the piano at the party left us a deep _.AtraditionBencouragementCimpressionDimprovement 答案：C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在晚会上弹钢琴的那个小女孩给我们留下了深刻的印象。A.tradition n.传统；B.encouragement n.鼓励；C.impression n.印象；D.improvement n.改善。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词 impression 表示“印象”的意思，在句子中做动词 left 的宾语。故选 C。12、How much time did you spend_the text?AcopyingBto copyCin copyDon copying 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：你花了多少时间抄写这篇课文？此处为短语 spend time doing sth.，表示“花时间做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选 A。5 13、Some people who are _ _ to the Internet.Aoff work,have no accessBout of work,have no access Coff work,are not accessibleDout of work,are not accessible 答案：B 解析：考查固定短语。句意：有些失业的人无法上网。第一空表示“失业”短语为 be out of work；off work 表示“休假，没有上班”不符合语境；第二空表示“无法使用”短语为 have no access to；be accessible to 表示“可用的，可接近的”，强调状态；此处强调无法上网的动作应用 have no access。故选 B。14、_ you are studying history,Spanish or the guitar,you will get a new perspective and broaden your knowledge of the world.AHowBHoweverCWhetherDWherever 答案：C 解析：考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你是学习历史、西班牙语还是吉他，你都会获得一个新的视角，拓宽你对世界的认识。whether.or.不管还是，引导让步状语从句。根据句意，故选 C。15、I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.AwhileBuntilCafterDwhen 答案：B 解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：直到亲眼看到，我才会相信你。A.while 在期间；B.until 到为止；C.after在之后；D.when 当时候。分析句意可知，此处为 notuntil 句型，表示“直到才”。故选 B 项。6 16、We already have enough food,so why create more _could be potentially harmful to us,to the Earth and to all wildlife?AwhoBthanConesDthat 答案：D 解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们已经有了足够的食物，那么为什么还要制造更多可能对我们、地球和所有野生动物有害的食物呢？空处引导定语从句，先行词 more 表示“更多食物”，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需要关系代词 that 引导。故选 D。17、下列句子中，有从句的是：AIt takes a lot of love and courage to risk ones own life to save someone elses.BThe houses are well-built;the streets straight and well-paved;and the shops well-furnished.COur relationship is close,so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.DIndian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast.答案：D 解析：考查句子结构。A.It takes a lot of love and courage to risk ones own life to save someone elses.表示“冒着自己的生命危险去救别人的生命需要很大的爱和勇气”，此处为 it take sth.to do sth.，it 作形式主语句型，不是复合句；B.The houses are well-built;the streets straight and well-paved;and the shops well-furnished.表示“房子建得很好，街道笔直而平整，商店也布置得很好”，本句为 and 连接的并列句，不是复合句；C.Our relationship is close,so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.表示“我们的关系很亲密，所以我只需要几句话来弥合我们之间的鸿沟”，为 so 连接的并列句，不是复合句；D.Indian officials said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast.表示“印度官员说，南部海岸有多达 1900 人丧生”，此处 said 后省略了连接词 that，为宾语从句，故选 D。7 18、Please pay attention because this information _ all of you.Ais concerned aboutBconcerns Cconcerns aboutDis concerned 答案：B 解析：考查主谓一致、时态和短语辨析。句意：请注意，因为这些信息涉及到你们所有人。A.is concerned about 关心，挂念；B.concerns 涉及；C.concerns about 使关心；D.is concerned 被涉及。动词 concern 意为“涉及到”，结合句意可知，此处讲述的是事实，故用一般现在时；主语 this information 是不可数名词，谓语动词应该用单数形式；综上分析，该空应该用一般现在时的第三人称单数主动形式 concerns。故选 B 项。19、In France,a person _ an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero.AencounteringBencountersCto encounter 答案：A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在法国，一个人遇到一个相同的手势，可能会认为它的意思是零。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词 may interpret，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，a person 和 encounter 为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故选 A。20、In 1913,Frosts first book of poems,A Boys Will,_ by a famous publishing house and became a great success later.Ahave been publishedBhas been published Cwere publishedDwas published 答案：D 解析：8 考查时态和语态。句意：1913 年，弗罗斯特的第一本诗集男孩的遗嘱由一家著名出版社出版，后来获得了巨大成功。A.have been published 已经被出版（现在完成时态的被动语态）；B.has been published 已经被出版（现在完成时态的被动语态）；C.were published 被出版（一般过去时态的被动语态）；D.was published 被出版（一般过去时态的被动语态）。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词，根据 and 后面的 became 可知，句子用一般过去时态。句子的主语和谓语动词之间为动宾关系，所以要用一般过去时态的被动语态。主语为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选 D。21、Each instrument and each musician _different functions:sustaining,modifying,synthesizing and innovating,paired into two key types of roles supporting and leading.Atake onBtake upCtakes onDtakes up 答案：C 解析：考查动词短语辨析和主谓一致。句意：每个乐器和每个音乐家都有不同的功能：维持、修饰、合成和创新，并结合成两种关键的角色支持和领导。take on 呈现，具有；take up 拿起；开始从事。根据句意和“different functions:sustaining,modifying,synthesizing and innovating”可知，每个乐器和每个音乐家都有不同的功能，应用动词短语 take on 作谓语动词，表示“具有”，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，又因“each/every+单数名词+and+each/every+单数名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。故选 C 项。22、_ to the sun for too long is highly likely to do harm to your eyes.AExposedBBeing exposedCExposingDTo be exposed 答案：B 解析：考查动名词的被动语态。句意：长时间暴露在太阳下极易损害眼睛。根据句子结构及谓语动词 is 可知，此处应用动名词短语做主语。逻辑主语 your eyes 与 expose 是动宾关系，故用被动语态。结合句子结构，故用动名词的被动语态。故选 B 项。9 23、Of the six people injured in the crash,only two _.AcancelledBsurvivedCattractedDpublished 答案：B 解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在车祸中受伤的六个人中，只有两人幸存。A.cancelled 取消；B.survived 幸存；C.attracted 吸引；D.published 出版。根据句意可知，句中六人在车祸中受伤了，由此可知，句中指受伤的六人中只有两人幸存，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故选 B 项。24、The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free.Adid;setBhad done;must be set Cshould do;should be setDhad done;be set 答案：D 解析：考查时态语态和虚拟语气。句意:这个年轻人坚持说他没有做错，并坚决要求被释放。insist 所接的宾语从句，表示“坚持某种观点或做法”，要使用(should)do 的虚拟语气，但如果表示“坚持认为某件事情的客观存在”，不需要使用虚拟。所以，本题第一空表示“坚持认为没有做错”不用虚拟，做错这件事情先于坚持发生，所以是过去的过去需要用过去完成时。第二空则表示“坚持要求被释放”需要用虚拟语气，即(should)do 的形式。他与释放的关系为被动关系，即(should)be set free。故选 D。25、Many people have no idea what to do when a disaster strikes._ is the best way to increase your chances of survival.APreparedBHaving been preparedCBeing preparedDPreparing 答案：C 解析：10 考查非谓语动词。句意：当灾难发生时，许多人不知道该怎么办。做好准备是增加生存机会的最佳方式。is 前面是主语，此处可用现在分词作主语，prepare 的用法是 sb be prepared。故选 C。根据首字母填写单词(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)26、Its a l_ to eat fresh food,because fresh produce such as fruit and vegetables can only be delivered to the space station from the Earth every couple of months.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：luxury#uxury 解析：考查名词的数。句意：吃新鲜食物是一种奢侈，因为水果和蔬菜等新鲜农产品只能每隔几个月从地球运送到空间站。结合不定冠词 a 可知，用单数名词 luxury 做表语。故填 luxury。27、It is i_to drive after drinking alcohol.In other words,drunk driving is against the law.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：illegal#llegal 解析：考查形容词。句意：酒后驾车是违法的。换句话说，酒后驾车是违法的。It is+形容词+to do sth.做某事是的。根据首字母提示及句意，故填 illegal。28、The mountains and rivers we visited,the people and cultures we e_,may become the source of poetry.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：encountered#ncountered 解析：考查动词和时态。句意：我们走过的山河，遇到的人与文化，都可能成为诗歌的源泉。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词 encounter，意为“邂逅，遇到”，作修饰先行词 the people and cultures 的定语从句的谓语；根据上半句“The mountains and rivers we visited”，可知设空处也用一般过去时。故填 encountered。11 29、Soldiers are trained to o_ orders without question.答案：obey#bey 解析：考查动词。句意：士兵们被训练无条件遵守命令。根据首字母和句意可知，是动词 obey 遵守；动词短语 train sb to do sth“训练某人做某事”；本句中不定式做主语 soldiers 的补足语。故填 obey。30、The country has a long history of producing great writers and p_.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：poets#oets 解析：考查名词复数。句意：这个国家有着产生伟大作家和诗人的悠久历史。根据句中的 and 可知，空格处应填入与writers 身份对等的名词复数以构成并列，根据首字母“p”可知，应填入 poets 作宾语。故填 poets。31、I have downloaded masses of i_ stories on the Internet,which encourage me to stick to my dream.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：inspiring#nspiring 解析：考查形容词。句意：我在互联网上下载了大量鼓舞人心的故事，鼓励我坚持自己的梦想。根据后面的“encourage me to stick to my dream.”及首字母提示可知，此处应填形容词 inspiring，作定语，修饰名词 stories，表示“鼓舞人心的”，故填 inspiring。32、He set off for a new a_ in the United States on the first day of the new year.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：adventure#dventure 解析：考查名词。句意：他在新年的第一天出发去美国进行新的冒险。形容词 new 后接名词形式，作宾语。根据不定冠词 a 可知，用名词的单数形式。结合首字母提示及句意，故填 adventure。12 33、To our a_,great changes have taken place in our hometown in recent years.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：amazement#mazement 解析：考查名词。句意：令我们惊讶的是最近几年我们的家乡发生了巨大的变化。空处应用名词作宾语，结合首字母提示和句意可知 amazement“惊讶，诧异”符合题意，to ones amazement“令某人惊讶的是”。故填 amazement。34、Of all the traditional festivals,the h_ festival can be found in almost every culture.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：harvest#arvest 解析：考查名词。句意：在所有的传统节日中，丰收节几乎存在于每一种文化中。根据单词首字母以及句意“丰收”，可知这里是用名词作定语修饰 festival，harvest festival 意为“丰收节”。故填 harvest。小提示：35、Many animals and plants are in danger of extinction because of g_ warming.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：global#lobal 解析：考查形容词。句意：因为全球变暖，许多动植物都处在灭绝的危险中。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要“全球的”对应的形容词做定语，修饰后面的名词 warming。故填 global。36、F_,not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharks.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：Fortunately 解析：13 考查副词。句意：幸运的是，并不是每个看过电影大白鲨的人都害怕鲨鱼。根据句意和首字母提示可知，应填入副词 fortunately 作状语，意为“幸运地”，另外，句首单词首字母大写。故填 Fortunately。37、All the f _ were called off due to the bad weather.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：flights#lights 解析：考查名词和主谓一致。句意：由于天气不好，所有的航班都被取消了。根据句意和首字母提示可知，应填入名词 flight(航班)作主语，结合 be 动词 were 可知主语为复数名词。故填 flights。38、The furthest distance in the world is not between life and death,but when I stand in front of you,yet you are a_ to your cell phone.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：addicted#ddicted 解析：考查形容词。句意：世界上最遥远的距离不是生与死，而是我站在你面前，你却沉迷于手机。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词 addicted，作表语，短语 be addicted to“对上瘾；沉溺于”。故填 addicted。39、The parking facilities are i_for a busy shopping centre.答案：inadequate#nadequate 解析：考查形容词。句意：对于一个忙碌的购物中心来说，这些停车设施是不够的。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词做表语，表示“不充足的”意思。故填 inadequate。40、If you go to the post office,could you buy me some e_ and stamps?（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：envelopes#nvelopes 解析：14 考查名词。句意：如果你去邮局，能给我买些信封和邮票吗？根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词envelope“信封”，与 stamps 并列作宾语，应用复数形式。故填 envelopes。41、Do you a_ of doctors using human embryos(胚胎)for research?(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：approve#pprove 解析：考查动词。句意：你赞成医生使用人类胚胎进行研究吗？根据句意“赞成”和首字母提示“a”可知，此处为动词approve，位于助动词 do 后面需用动词原形。故填 approve。42、Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are i_ exciting and inspiring to witness.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：incredibly#ncredibly 解析：考查副词。句意：像航天飞机发射或宇航员在月球上行走这样的奇迹是令人难以置信的激动和鼓舞人心的见证。用副词 incredibly 作状语，修饰形容词 exciting and inspiring。故填 incredibly。43、Make a f_with one hand and place it in the upper part of his stomach.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：fist#ist 解析：考查名词。句意：用一只手握拳，放在他的上腹部。根据单词首字母以及句意“握拳”以及上文冠词 a，可知应填名词 fist，固定搭配 make a fist“握拳”。故填 fist。44、I think its time to a_ a different method to teach the children.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：adopt#dopt 解析：15 考查动词。句意：我认为是时候采用一种不同的方法来教育孩子了。Its time to do.为固定句型，意为“是时候做”；根据句意和首字母提示可知，应填入动词 adopt 构成不定式，意为“采用”。故填 adopt。45、They did all they could to save the old tree m_ at least 50 metres.答案：measuring#easuring 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他们竭尽所能挽救了这棵至少 50 米长的老树。本句谓语动词是“did”，所以“measure”做非谓语动词。mesure 意为“测量”时是连系动词，没有被动式，此处做“树”的后置定语。故填 measuring。书信写作(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)46、假定你是李华。你的笔友 John 对中国历史文化很感兴趣，他来信让你介绍一项中国古代的伟大发明，请根据下面的要求给他写一封回信，内容包括：1）这项古代发明的名称；2）概述这项古代发明；3）这项古代发明的影响。注意：1）词数不少于 100；2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear John,_ Sincerely,Li Hua 答案：Dear John,I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history and culture.It is my pleasure to introduce a great invention of ancient China movable type printing to you.16 It was invented in Song dynasty by Bi Sheng who engraved the Chinese characters on small cubes of sticky clay.He then baked them in the fire until they became hard,movable character.Movable type printing has a far-reaching influence on human civilization and social progress.Compared to block printing technique,it greatly improved the speed and the quality of printing.Thus,it is regarded as one of Four Great Inventions.I hope my introduction can be of some help.Sincerely,Li Hua 解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给笔友 John 写一封回信，介绍一项中国古代的伟大发明。(1)词汇积累 高兴：happinesspleasure 小的：littlesmall 变得：getbecome 希望：wishhope(2)句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history and culture.拓展句：I feel proud because I know your interest in Chinese history and culture.小提示：17 【高分句型 1】It was invented in Song dynasty by Bi Sheng who engraved the Chinese characters on small cubes of sticky clay.(运用了 who 引导的限制性定语从句)【高分句型 2】Compared to block printing technique,it greatly improved the speed and the quality of printing.(运用了非谓语动词过去分词作状语)47、假设你是李强，你的朋友 Jenny 向你询问如何保持健康。请你给他发一封邮件提些建议。内容要点如下：(1)注意合理饮食。多吃鱼、肉、豆类等，特别是新鲜蔬菜和水果，不要吃太多甜食。(2)注意锻炼身体。劳逸结合，多参加体育活动。(3)保证充足的睡眠。不要熬夜,每天至少睡 8 个小时。注意:(1)词数：100 左右；(2)可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；Dear Jenny,_ Yours,Li Qiang 答案：Dear Jenny,In order to stay healthy,here are some suggestions for you.To start with,we are supposed to have a healthy balanced diet such as eating more fish,meat and beans,especially fruit and vegetables,avoiding food rich in sugar and fat,etc.Moreover,we have to get rid of those bad habits that damage our health,such as staying up late.We should sleep for about 8 hours at night.Last but not least,wed better exercise every day to build up 18 our bodies.If you follow the suggestions given above,you will lead a healthy life.Yours,Li Qiang 解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友 Jenny 回信，就如何保持健康给出合理建议。(1)词汇积累 保持健康：stay healthykeep healthy 首先：To start with To begin with 此外：MoreoverFuthermore/Besides 建议：suggestions advice(2)句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In order to stay healthy,here are some suggestions for you.拓展句：Here are some suggestions for you in order that you can stay healthy.小提示：高分句型 1 Moreover,we have to get rid of those bad habits that damage our health,such as staying up late.(运用了 that 引导的限制性定语从句)高分句型 2 If you follow the suggestions given above,you will lead a healthy life.(运用了 if 引导的状语从句)48、假定你是李华，你的外国