译林英语8Aunit1知识点教案.pdf

8A Unit 18A Unit 1FriendsFriends 知识点知识点一、重点短语一、重点短语1.一些喝的东西_2.关心，在乎_3.和某人交谈_4.谈论某事_5.告诉某人关于某事_6.为某人保守秘密_7.愿意做某事_8.使我开心_9.相信某人说的话_10.写信给青少年杂志_11.在方面有问题_做某事有问题_12.信任某人_13.对某人撒谎_14.给某人讲笑话_15.我最好的朋友之一_16.随时_17.帮助某人某事_/帮助某人做某事_18.对某人友好_19.在公交车上给需要的人让座_20.长大_21.与某人分享某事_22.使某人做某事_23.很有幽默感_24.对某人感到无聊_25.有一副好嗓子_26.走过我们的课桌_27.把。撞到。上面_28.又长又直的头发_29 说某人的坏话_30.一个真正的朋友_31.某事困扰（使担心）某人_32.去找某人（求助）_33.选择某人作为你最好的朋友_34.最贵的电脑_35.一次绘画比赛_36.一次英语测试_37.在六个学生中_38.Millie 的身高和体重_39.与某人交朋友_40.因.而出名/作为.而出名_41.认真地倾听人们的问题_42.周游世界_43.谈论我们的未来计划_44.一位社会工作者_45.漂亮的艺术品_46.更多的了解._47.一个扎马尾辫的女孩_48.一张圆/方的脸_49.明亮微笑的眼眸_50.面带微笑_51.有耐心_52.感到不快乐/悲伤_53.和孩子们一起工作_54.成为一名杰出的老师_55.对某人大方_二、重要句型二、重要句型1.what about some milk 再来点牛奶怎么样what about=how about?意为“.怎么样”，后面跟名词、代词或动词后面跟名词、代词或动词-ing-ing 形式形式，用于表示邀请、建议、询问消息或征求对方意见。其他表示建议或征求意见的句型还有：（1）Shall I/we do sth?我/我们做.好吗（2）Lets do sth,(shall we?)让我们做.，(好吗?)（3）Would you like to do sth?你愿意做.吗（4）Why not do sth?=Why dont we/you do sth?为什么不做.呢（5）Would/Will/Could/Can you please do sth?请你做.，好吗注意：在征求意见或希望得到肯定回答的问句中，常常用常常用 somesome，而不用，而不用 anyany，上述句型都可以与，上述句型都可以与 somesome连用。连用。例题：（1）-I feel stressed（压力的）from time to time.Could you give me some advice?-_ sharing your worries with your parents?A.Why dont youB.How aboutC.Why notD.Would you like（2）Would you please _(not make)so much noise?（3）You should have some water.（同义句）_ _ have _ water?2.Betty is one of my best friends.Betty 是我最好的朋友之一。one of.用法（1）one of+one of+复数代词宾格或名词复数复数代词宾格或名词复数，在这一结构中，如果 one of 短语作主语，谓语动词用单数动词用单数。如：One of them is good at mathsOne of the apples has gone bad.期中一个苹果坏了（2）One of+the+One of+the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+名词复数，名词复数，同样的如果作主语，视为单数。如：The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.例题：One of the _(student)_(come)from the USA in our class.Jay Chou is one of _(popular)_(sing)among the young at present.3.They make him look smart.它们使他看起来很精明。make 是使役动词，意为“使，让”，一般有以下用法make+nmake+n（名词）（名词）+adj+adj（形容词）（形容词）make+n+nmake sb do sth:make sb do sth:使某人做某事使某人做某事例题：He lost his key.It made him _(stay)in the cold to wait for his wife s return.The news that Tom failed the tests made his father _.A.angryB.angrilyC.happyD.happily4.May is a true friend.梅是一个真正的朋友。true adj.确实的，的确 其副词形式为 truly，名词 truth，意为“真相，事实”“真相，事实”true 与 real 区别：truetrue 着重表示某事物与实际情况相吻合；而着重表示某事物与实际情况相吻合；而 realreal 着重表示事物是客观存在的，并非着重表示事物是客观存在的，并非想象捏造出来的。想象捏造出来的。例题：（1）I think its a _ pleasure（高兴）if the news is _.我认为如果这个消息是真的，那真是一件令人高兴的事。（2）I cant believe I am _(real)going to meet the pop star.（3）Is it _ that you will go abroad for further study?5.When something worries me,I can always go to her.当有事情困扰我的时候，我总能去找她倾诉。worry 用法。（1）vtvt 及物动词及物动词：使.担心，使烦恼常用短语：sth worry sbsth worry sb 某物使某人担心某物使某人担心 如：Dont worry me with such a little thing.（2）vi vi 不及物动词不及物动词：为.而担忧，烦恼，可单独使用，也可接介词about，worry about sb/sthworry about sb/sth 担心担心某人某人/某事某事如：Dont worry about me.I can look after myself.其形容词为 worriedworried，be worried about=worry about.be worried about=worry about.例题：-The school network will be closed in a few days.-That doesnt _ me at all.Im not a net-worm（网虫）A.worryB.worry aboutC.worriedD.be worried about6.Max looks smart in his small round glasses.马克斯带着小圆眼镜看起来很精明。某人穿着/戴着某物 看起来.表达句型有两种sb looks+adj+in+sthsb looks+adj+in+sth=sth looks+adj+on+sb=sth looks+adj+on+sb（人穿在衣服里面，人穿在衣服里面，所有人作主语，所有人作主语，后面介词用后面介词用 in sthin sth；衣服穿在人身上，所以衣服作主语后面的介词有衣服穿在人身上，所以衣服作主语后面的介词有 on sbon sb）例题：The pair of jeans looks nice _ Sandy because she looks very nice _ red.A.on;onB.on;inC.in;inD.in;on7.Height and weight 身高和体重height 名词，意为“高度”，其形容词为 highhigh。问某物的高度常用句型：WhatWhat s the height of sth?s the height of sth?或或 How high is sth?How high is sth?weight 名词，意为“重量”，其形容词为形容词为 heavyheavy，动词为，动词为 weighweigh。问某人的体重常用句型：WhatWhat s the weight of sb?/Whats the weight of sb?/What s sbs sb s weight?s weight?或或 How heavy is sb?How heavy is sb?或或 HowHowmuch does sb weigh?much does sb weigh?例题：(1)-_ is the height of Tom,Helen?-Hes about 180cm.A.WhatB.How heavyC.How tallD.How much(2)The egg weighed about 50 grams.（对画线部分提问）_?8.Whats sb like?与 What does sb look like?有什么区别What does sb look like?What does sb look like?意为“某人长得什么样子”用来询问某人的外貌特征意为“某人长得什么样子”用来询问某人的外貌特征Whats sb like?除了用来询问某人的外貌外，还可以问某人的性格和个性。除了用来询问某人的外貌外，还可以问某人的性格和个性。What does sb like?某人喜欢什么How does sb look?某人看起来怎么样没有 How does sb look like?或 How does sb like?例题：-_?-He is friendly.A.How is heB.What does he look likeC.What does he likeD.What is he like三、重点语法三、重点语法形容词的比较级和最高级形容词的比较级和最高级比较级和最高级的构成规则变化：单音节的词及少部分双音节的词在词尾加-er 或-est；注意重读闭音节（即辅音字母注意重读闭音节（即辅音字母+元音字元音字母母+辅音字母结尾）的单词要双写尾字母再加辅音字母结尾）的单词要双写尾字母再加-er-er 或或-est-est。如：small_nice_busy_thin_slim_大部分双音节词及多音节词（三个及三个以上音节的）在词前加more 或 most。如:popular_boring_fun_注意：以以-le,-ow,-er-le,-ow,-er结尾的双音节词或是结尾的双音节词或是-y-y 结尾的形容词，结尾的形容词，比较级和最高级构成均是在后面加比较级和最高级构成均是在后面加-er-er 或或-est-est；但是以但是以 ly ly 结尾的副词必须用结尾的副词必须用 moremore和和 mostmost 构成比较级和最高级形式。构成比较级和最高级形式。如：narrow（狭窄的）_friendly_simple（简单的）_gentle_clever_slowly_early_不规则变化：good/well_ill/badly/bad _many/much _little _far _（注意两者区别）形容词比较级基本句式:A+be+形容词的比较级+than+B.(A 比 B)Which/Who+be+形容词比较级,A or B?(哪个/谁更,A 还是 B)比较级前的修饰语：常见修饰比较级的副词及意义：much=a lot(much=a lot(得多得多)；a little=a bit(一点点)；even(even(甚至甚至)；still（更）；far(far(远远远远)；any(any(丝毫丝毫,稍微稍微,用于否定和疑问句中用于否定和疑问句中)如：Our village is much _(beautiful)than theirs.His handwriting is even _(good)than yours.使用比较级时的注意事项1.比较的双方必须是同类人或事物，即比较对象要一致。比较对象要一致。改错：My bag is heavier than her._2.在含有比较级的句中，前后比较对象的性质要相同，为避免重复，后面的比较对象用后面的比较对象用 thatthat（指代前文（指代前文的单数）或的单数）或 thosethose（指代前文的复数）代替，（指代前文的复数）代替，thatthat 或或 thosethose 既可以指人，也可以指物。既可以指人，也可以指物。改错:In winter,the weather in guangzhou is much warmer than Beijing._The books in our school library are more than your school._3.比较的范围要清楚。同一范围内比较比较级比较级+than any other+than any other+单数单数.+in.=.+in.=比较级比较级+than anyone else+in+than anyone else+in=比较级比较级+than+the other+than+the other+复数复数/the others+in/the others+in(只有同一范围比较才能出现只有同一范围比较才能出现 other/else)other/else)非同一范围内比较非同一范围内比较比较级比较级+than any+than any+单数单数+in+in例题：（1）Shanghai is larger than _ in China.A.any cityB.any other cityC.the other cityD.all other cities（2）Shanghai is larger than _ in Jiangsu.A.any cityB.any other cityC.the other cityD.all other cities4.避免重复比较，千万不能出现“不能出现“more+more+比较级”比较级”改错：Tom is more busier than his sister these days.5.比较级前面一般不用定冠词不用定冠词 thethe，但是如果比较范围是“of+the twoof+the two”，则比较级前就要用定冠词，则比较级前就要用定冠词thethe表示与另一个的区别，即 the+the+比较级比较级+of the two.+of the two.如：（1）He is _of the two boys.A.a tallerB.tallerC.the tallestD.the taller（2）Which is _,Mary or Millie?A.tallerB.the tallerC.more tallerD.tallest（3）This is a very interesting film,I never see _ one.A.better B.a betterC.best D.the better.6.不含 than 的比较级句式：（1）“比较级“比较级+and+and+比较级”或“比较级”或“more and more+more and more+多音节词”多音节词”:“越来越”“越来越”他越来越高。Hes taller and taller.英语越来越重要 English is more and more important.（2）The+The+比较级比较级,the+,the+比较级比较级“越“越,越”越”你越快乐就越美丽。The happier you are,the more beautiful you are.最高级的用法(1)形容词最高级用于两个以上的人或物进行比较两个以上的人或物进行比较,形容词最高级前必须加必须加the,the,副词最高级前的thethe可省可省略。略。后面多用 of/among或 in短语,其中 of/amongof/among 后接的名词与主语属于同一类事物同一类事物；in+in+比较的范比较的范围围如：The book is the most interesting _ all the books.Im the cleverest_ our class.(2)表示三或三者以上的人或物中进行选择“哪一个最.”时，用句型“which/who is+the+最高级，A，B or C?”表示。Which city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?（3）表示“最.的.之一”时，用“one of+the+one of+the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+复数名词”复数名词”结构，该形容词后用复数用复数形式。形式。Our school is one of _(good)_(school)in our city.（4）形容词最高级前可以加序数词加序数词，表示“第几最.”.，即“.the+.the+序数词序数词+最高级最高级+单数名词单数名词+in+in+范围”范围”The Yellow River is the second _ river in China.A.longB.longerC.longestD.shortest(5)被物主代词物主代词,指示代词，名词所有格修饰时，前边不再加指示代词，名词所有格修饰时，前边不再加 thetheChinas?biggest?city?is?Shanghai.Fishing?is?his?latest（最新的）?hobby.练习：（）1.-You are as _ as your brother.-Yes,I seldom have a coldA goodB niceC kindD well（）2.Lucys pen is _ nicer than yours.A.tooB.moreC.quiteD.a little（）3.-You do housework as _ as your wife.A carefullyB carefulC goodD wonderful（）4.-Is your maths better than_?-Yes,I work harder at it than _,you know.A.Kate;herB.Kates;herC.Kate;sheD.Kates;hers（）5.I think snakes are _ among the wild animals.A.more dangerousB.most dangerousC.much dangerousD.the most dangerous（）6.Youd better put your heart into study.You see,the _ you are,the _ progress（进步）youll make.A.careful；muchB.more careful；moreC.most careful；mostD.carefully;many（）7.This computer is the best one _ the shop,but it is also the most expensive _ thecomputers.A.in;ofB.in;inC.of;ofD.of;in（）8.When autumn comes;the weather becomes _.A.cooler and cooler B.cool and coolC.hotter and hotterD.hot and hot（）9.Lisa was still very weak when she left hospital.But after a weeks rest,she felt much _A.goodB.betterC.badD.worse（）10.Tom is taller than _ in his class.A.any boyB.the other boyC.any other boysD.the other boys（）11.-Do you like Zhang Bichens song?-Yes,she is the winner of The Voice of China.I cant think of anyone with a _ voice.A.bestB.betterC.goodD.worse（）12.Ill buy _ of the two skirts.It looks much nicer on me.A.the smallerB.smallerC.smallestD.the smallest()13.The computers made in China are much cheaper than_ made in America.A.thoseB.onesC.itD.that（）14.-The picture is,I have to say,not a bit beautiful.-Why?Its _ than the pictures I have ever seen.A.far more beautifulB.much less beautifulC.no more beautifulD.any less beautiful.（）15.Lilys room is much larger than mine.Its about _ mine in area.A.as twice big asB.twice as big asC.as big as twiceD.as big twice as16.English is not as difficult as maths.English is _ maths.17.Andy did badly in the English test,but I did even _(bad).18.?I?may?be?able?to?give?you?some?further?information?about?it.19.你学习越努力，你得到的分数（marks）就越高。_20.Peter 是三个男孩中最诚实的。_8Aunit18Aunit1 复习试卷复习试卷一、单项选择题一、单项选择题()1.He is _stronger than his brother.A.moreB.veryC.quite()2.Todays newspaper is so _ that I feel_.A.boring;boringB.boring;boredC.bored;boredD.muchD.bored;boring()3.Millie is better than Jack _drawing pictures,but she has someproblems _ EnglishA.in;inB.at;withC.on;onD.of;in()4.The weather in Harbin is colder than _in Guangdong.A.thatB.itC.thisD.one()5.-What _ honest boy!-Yes,and he is _ best student in our class,A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.an;the()6.-Whats the _ of the building?-Its 236 metres_.A.high;highB.height;heightC.high;heightD.height;high()7.The smile on his face makes him _ really _.A.looks,kindA.pass;offB.look,kindlyC.to look,kindlyD.look,kindC.pass;onD.past;on()8.When the boy walks _ the table,he often knocks the things _ it.B.past;off()9.-What are they talkingthe teacher?-The writing competition next week.A.to;withB.with;toC.to;forD.to;about()10.We foundthis question.A.difficult to answerB.it difficult answerC.it difficult to answerD.that difficult answer()11.The baby _ 3.5 kilograms（公斤）when he was born.A.weighB.weightC.weighsD.weighed()12.She always _ a smile _ her face.A.have,onB there is,inC puts on,inD wears,on()13._ he is,_ he feels.A.The busier;the happyB.The busy;the happyD.The busier;the happiestB.Why does Simon likeD.How does Simon look likeC.The busier;the happier()14.-_?-He is tall and strong.A.How does Simon likeC.What is Simon like()15.Would you please _ make so much noise?My dad is sleeping._.A.not to;Sorry,I dontB.not;Sorry,I wontC.dont;Yes,I willD.dont;No,I dont二、完形填空二、完形填空A generation(代沟)has become a serious problem.I read a _36_ about it in the newspaper.Somechildren have killed themselves after quarrels(争吵)with_37_.I think this is because they dont often have atalk with each other.Parents now _38_ more time in the office,_39_ they dont have much time to staywith their children.As time passes,they both feel that they dont have the _40_ topics(话题)to talk about.Iwant to tell parents to be more with your _41_,get to know them and _42_ them.And for children,showyour_43_ to your parents.They are the people who love you.So_44_ them your thoughts(想法).In thisway,you can have a _45_ understanding of each other.()16.A.talkB.noteC.reportD.letter()17.A.friendsB.teachers()18.A.spendB.cost()19.A.orB.and()20.A.interestingB.same()21.A.life()22.A.remember()23.A.interestB.missB.secretC.classmatesD.parentsC.payD.takeC.butD.soC.excitingD.trueD.officeD.feelingsC.understandD.loveC.troubleB.childrenC.work()24.A.tellB.askC.answerD.repeat()25.A.betterB.worseC.clearerD.smarter三、阅读理解。三、阅读理解。Allan is eight this year and hes in Grade Two.The boy is clever and can answer all the questions in class.But he hates to stay in the classroom for more than half an hour.He would not listen to the teachers when classis soon going to be over.Or he touches his deskmates（同桌）head,or he makes faces.He often makes thewhole Class laugh.His teachers tell his parents about it.He has to make a promise that he wont do that again.But soon he will forget it.The teachers think he does well in his lessons and dont mind it.One Saturday evening Allan finished his homework as soon as he had supper.He turned onthe television,but there was no football match on TV.He found all the programmes were not interesting and turned it off.He saw his sister Mabel doing herhomework in her bedroom.He decided to play a joke on her.He found an earthworm(蚯蚓)in the garden andput it in her clothes.The girl was so frightened that she cried out for help.Their mother heard this and went into find out what had happened there.Of course,the boy was punished（处罚）for it.The next morning Mabel gave her mother a card and said,Merry Mothers Day.Mum!The woman washappy and thanked her daughter.But Allan had nothing to give his mother as a present.He felt sorry and said,Dont be angry with me Mummy.Ive forgotten it.It doesnt matter,dear,said his mother.The best present is to be a good boy.Dont be naughty(淘气),my son,or your child will be naughty,too!Hearing this,the boy began to laugh and said.Youve told me the truth today,Mummy!Youve told me the truth today,Mummy!”()1.Allan wouldnt listen to the teachers _.A.when he cant understand themB.when the class is going to be overC.when he cant answer the questionsD.after he finishes the exercises()2.Allan does well in his lessons,so _.A.his teachers arent angry with himB.his teachers let him leave the classroomC.he can make faces in classD.he can play a joke on his deskmate()3.Allan turned off the television because _.A.he wanted to play with his sisterB.he had something important to doC.he only liked to watch a football matchD.he decided to go to play football()4._,so she cried out.A.Mabel wanted Allan to be punishedB.Mabel hoped to frighten Allan awayC.Mabel wanted Allan to help herD.Mabel was afraid of the earthworm()5.The last sentence Youve told me the truth today,Mummy!”means _.A.his mother was rightB.his mother was friendlyC.his mother was naughty when she was youngD.he wanted to make his mother happy四、词汇。1.John looks handsome with a _（方形的）face.2.Its good of you to be _(not rude)to the old.,we should learn from you.3.I think all the taxi drivers have a good_（感觉）of direction.4.Andy always plays tricks on others,so_(几乎)no one in his class likes him.5.The new T-shirt makes the poor boy much_（整洁）6.Did you pass the English_(测试）last Friday?7.Mr.Li is an _ teacher,he teaches his student very well and he often gets awards for his goodteaching.8.-It kept raining a lot an