罗宾斯《管理学》第九版题库_16-精品文档资料整理.doc

Chapter 16 Motivating EmployeesTrue/FalseA MANAGERS DILEMMA1.According to the company profile in “A Managers Dilemma,” the majority of employees at Grupo M consist of highly educated professionals who work from their homes?False (easy)2.Based on the company profile in “A Managers Dilemma,” Grupo M has been profiled as a sweatshop where employees work long hours in dirty, dimly lit factories.False (easy)WHAT IS MOTIVATION?3.Motivation is an internal state that makes certain outcomes appear attractive.True (easy)4.The three key elements in the definition of motivation are effort, organizational goals, and needs.True (difficult)EARLY THEORIES OF MOTIVATION5.Based on McClelland's three-needs theory, high achievers perform best when the odds are against them.False (moderate)CONTEMPORARY THEORIES OF MOTIVATION6.The best managers are high in the need for power and high in the need for affiliation.False (difficult)7.People with a high need for affiliation prefer cooperative situations over competitive ones.True (moderate)8.People will do better when they get feedback on how well they're progressing toward their goals.True (easy)9.Reinforcement theory is related to an individual's belief that she is capable of performing a task.False (moderate)10.The key to reinforcement theory is that it ignores factors such as goals, expectations, and needs, and focuses solely on what happens to a person when he takes some action.True (difficult)11.The lower a person's self-efficacy, the more confidence he has in his ability to succeed in a task.False (moderate)12.Reinforcement theorists believe that behavior is a function of its consequences.True (easy)MANAGING YOUR CAREER13.According to a recent survey, the primary reason employees stay with their jobs is because of flexible work hours.False (moderate)14.Adding vertical depth to a job is called job enlargement.False (moderate)15.Job design refers to the way tasks are combined to form complete jobs.True (easy)16.When a mail sorter's job is expanded to include mail delivery, the mail sorter has experienced job enlargement.True (easy)17.Job enlargement increases job depth.False (easy)18.In the job characteristics model, task significance refers to the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work.False (moderate)19.According to the job characteristics model, task autonomy is not important.False (moderate)20.Guidance from the job characteristics model suggests that job enlargement should take place rather than task specialization.True (moderate)21.According to equity theory, a person who earns $50,000 will be less satisfied with their pay than a person who earns $100,000.False (moderate)22.Equity theory has three referent categories: other, system, and self.True (moderate)23.The three variables in Vroom's expectancy theory are valence, instrumentality, and expectancy.True (moderate)24.Vroom would say that if a person values an outcome, their effort to obtain that outcome will always be great.False (moderate)CURRENT ISSUES IN MOTIVATION25.Flextime is a scheduling system in which employees work four 10-hour days.False (easy)26.Performance-based compensation is probably most compatible with expectancy theory.True (difficult)27.Open-book management is a motivational approach in which an organization's financial statements are opened to and shared with all employees.True (moderate)28.The loyalty of professionals is to their organization.False (easy)MANAGING IN AN E-BUSINES WORLD29.The challenge to motivating employees in an e-business is much less compared to motivating employees in a traditional organization.False (easy)30.Many employers are installing Web-monitoring software since there is no evidence that such efforts can negatively affect employee morale.False (moderate)Multiple ChoiceA MANAGERS DILEMMA31.According to the company profile in “A Managers Dilemma,” Grupo M is the largest employer in _.a. the United States.b. Mexico.c. Brazil.d. Dominican Republic. (moderate)e. SwitzerlandWHAT IS MOTIVATION?32._ is the willingness to exert high levels of effort to reach organizational goals, conditions by the efforts ability to satisfy some individual need.a. Attributionb. Motivation (easy)c. Leadershipd. Goal settinge. Tenure33.The three key elements in the definition of organizational motivation are _, organizational goals, and needs.a.personalityb.abilityc.effort (easy)d.tenuree.strategy34._ is an internal state that makes certain outcomes appear attractive.a.A need (easy)b.Motivationc.Leadershipd.Goal settinge.AttributionEARLY THEORIES OF MOTIVATION35.Who developed the Hierarchy of Needs motivational theory?a.Herzbergb.Vroomc.McGregord.Lawlere.Maslow (easy)36.An individual who wants to buy a home in an expensive neighborhood with a low crime rate is satisfying which psychological needs state?a.esteemb.safety (moderate)c.physiologicald.self-actualizatione.social37.The drive to find food, drink, and sexual satisfaction is based on what level of need?a.physiological (easy)b.safetyc.self-actualizationd.sociale.esteem38.The need for such factors as status, recognition, attention, self-respect, autonomy, and achievement are examples of which of the following needs according to Maslows hierarchy of needs?a.physiologicalb.esteem (moderate)c.sociald.self-actualizatione.safety39.Joining a civic club because the members are considered to be very powerful and popular would be satisfying which needs state?a.safetyb.socialc.esteem (moderate)d.self-actualizatione.physiological40.Enjoying friendship with coworkers satisfies what need?a.physiologicalb.esteemc.social (moderate)d.self-actualizatione.safety41.Growth, achieving ones potential, and self-fulfillment, and the drive to become what one is capable of becoming are characteristics of which need according to Maslows hierarchy?a.physiologicalb.esteemc.sociald.self-actualization (moderate)e.safety42.A manager who believes that employees need constant control would be described as _ according to McGregor.a.a Theory X manager (easy)b.a Theory Y managerc.a Theory Z managerd.a human relations managere.needs hierarchy43.Which of the following would describe the beliefs of a Theory Y manager?a.People have little ambition.b.Work is acceptable because of financial needs, but play is more natural.c.Employees readily accept responsibility. (easy)d.People dislike work.e.Managerial direction of employees is essential.44.According to Herzberg, in order to provide employees with job satisfaction, managers should concentrate ona.hygiene factors.b.issues such as pay.c.motivator factors. (moderate)d.extrinsic factors.e.non-motivators.CONTEMPORARY THEORIES OF MOTIVATION45.An individual who would enjoy taking on the challenge of personally redesigning the workflow of a manufacturing line to improve employee productivity would probably be rated high on which of the following?a.need for affiliationb.need for impactc.need for achievement (difficult)d.need for powere.need for control46.According to McClelland, the need to make others behave in a way they wouldn't have behaved otherwise is which of the following work motives?a.need for achievementb.need for power (easy)c.need for affiliationd.need for motivatione.need for self-fulfillment47.Which of the following suggests that there is a need to have good relationships at work?a.need for achievementb.need for powerc.need for fulfillmentd.need for affective connectione.need for affiliation (moderate)48.Which of the following is not true concerning high achievers?a.They perform best when the success probability is fifty-fifty.b.They dislike gambling when the odds are high.c.They like a high probability of success. (moderate)d.They like goals that cause themselves to stretch a bit.e.They dislike achievement from accidents.49.Which of the following is true concerning individuals who have a high need for achievement?a.They desire to do many things with medium impact on quality.b.They seek achievement but not personal responsibility.c.They want slow but sure feedback on their performance.d.They dislike succeeding by chance. (difficult)e.They enjoy very difficult tasks.50.Employees can be trained to stimulate their _ needs.a.affiliationb.self-esteemc.achievement (difficult)d.powere.self actualization51.The best managers are high in the need for _ and low in the need for _.a.achievement; powerb.power; affiliation (difficult)c.affiliation; powerd.achievement; affiliatione.power; achievement52.Which of the following is an accurate statement concerning McClelland's three-needs theory?a.High achievers are best motivated in jobs with low personal responsibility but high task difficulty.b.High achievers tend to be good managers.c.The best managers are high in need for power and low in need for affiliation. (difficult)d.Employee need for achievement is innate and cannot be changed.e.High achievers are poor salespersons.53.The proposition that specific goals increase performance and that difficult goals, when accepted, result in higher performance than easy goals is termed _.a.self-efficacy.b.reinforcement theory.c.path-goal theory.d.goal-setting theory. (moderate)e.equity theory.54.Which of the following best summarizes the relationship between goal setting and need for achievement findings?a.Goal setting is superior because it recommends setting difficult goals.b.They are incompatible theories but there is no empirical research to support either claim.c.Difficult goals are still recommended for most people because only 10-20 percent of people are high achievers. (difficult)d.Goal setting is not needed with high achievers.e.They are very similar theories.55.People will do better when they get _ because it helps identify discrepancies between what they have done and what they want to do.a.inputb.goalsc.equityd.powere.feedback (easy)56.The higher your _ , the more confidence you have in your ability to succeed in a task.a.self-efficacy (easy)b.self-esteemc.reinforcersd.job scopee.motivation57.Reinforcement theorists believe that behavior results from which of the following?a.external consequences (moderate)b.internal personality traits, such as need for achievementc.setting high goalsd.intrinsic satisfierse.hygiene factors58.A _ is any consequence immediately following a response that increases the probability that the behavior will be repeated.a.goalb.reinforcer (moderate)c.conclusiond.job characteristics modele.valence59._ is the way tasks are combined to form complete jobs.a.Job scopeb.Job enlargementc.Job enrichmentd.Job design (moderate)e.Job criteriaMANAGING YOUR CAREER60.According to a recent survey, which of the following is the main reason employees stay with their jobs?a. pleasant work environmentb. easy commutec. challenging workd. like co-workers (moderate)e. flexible work hours61.According to reinforcement theory, an individual would behave in a desired manner if which of the following occurred?a.Nothing happened when they acted appropriately.b.They are punished for doing the wrong behavior.c.They set specific, difficult goals to achieve.d.They are immediately rewarded, such as a monthly bonus. (moderate)e.Their inner drives create the necessary tension level.62.According to reinforcement theory, if a manager catches an employee exhibiting unproductive behavior, the recommended action for eliminating the behavior would be to _.a.punish the behavior.b.reward their good behavior.c.reward other employees' good behavior.d.punish other employees exhibiting similar unproductive behavior.e.ignore the behavior. (difficult)63.The number of different tasks required in a job and the frequency with which those tasks are repeated is _.a.job scope. (moderate)b.job enlargement.c.job enrichment.d.job design.e.job criteria.64.Horizontally expanding the tasks of a job is known by which of the following terms?a.job enrichmentb.job enlargement (moderate)c.task improvementd.job expansione.right sizing tasks65._ is vertical expansion of a job by adding planning and evaluating responsibilities.a.Job scopeb.Job enlargementc.Job enrichment (moderate)d.Job designe.Job criteria66.Job enrichment increases job _, which is the degree of control employees have over their work.a.breadthb.scopec.varietyd.depth (moderate)e.feedback67.Which of the following is not associated with job enrichment?a.vertical expansionb.adding planning tasksc.increasing job scope (moderate)d.adding evaluating responsibilitye.increased employee control68.The research evidence on the use of job enrichment programs could be classified as _.a.encouraging.b.strongly supportive.c.moderately supportive.d.inconclusive. (moderate)e.unsupportive.69.What theory provides a conceptual framework for analyzing jobs by analyzing five core dimensions?a.reinforcement theoryb.job characteristics model (moderate)c.job designd.equity theorye.expectancy theory70.Which of the following, according to the job characteristics model, is the degree to which a job requires a variety of activities so that an employee can use a number of different skills and talents?a.task identityb.autonomyc.feedbackd.task significancee.skill variety (easy)71.Which of the following, according to the job characteristics model, is the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work?a.skill varietyb.autonomyc.task significanced.task identity (easy)e.feedback72.The job characteristics