信任知觉对注视线索效应的调控作用,心理学硕士论文.docx

信任知觉对注视线索效应的调控作用,心理学硕士论文摘 要 面孔作为日常生活中一类极其重要的社会刺激，能够传达大量的社会性信息，如年龄、性别、情绪等。以往研究发现，人们能够从面孔中快速提取信任信息，如张三值得信任，李四不值得信任。然而快速提取面孔信任信息在社会交互中的功能意义尚不清楚。 本研究聚焦注意定向这一认知功能，试图通过考察面孔信任信息能否调节凝视线索导致的注意定向凝视线索效应，来讨论快速提取面孔信任信息在社会交互中的功能意义。 基于前人研究，本研究提出两种理论假设：1反射性假设，该假设以为凝视线索效应是反射性的，即无论面孔信任度高低，别人凝视线索总能定向观察者的注意；2灵敏性假设，该假设以为高信任度面孔能够引发凝视线索效应，而低信任度面孔则不能引发这种效应，即面部外观的可信度能够调节凝视线索效应。本文通过4个实验来区分以上两种理论可能，进而回答提取面孔信任信息的功能意义问题。本研究采用线索提示范式，分别以高信任度人脸和低信任度人脸作为线索。结果发现，只要当高信任度人脸作为凝视线索时，才会产生凝视线索效应实验一和实验三，并且这种效应并非由人脸刺激的低水平特征实验二引起，而是由面孔所包含的信任信息引起的实验四。 综上所述，本研究支持灵敏性假设，即面孔可信度调节凝视线索效应。该结果表示清楚，视觉系统快速提取人脸信任信息的功能意义可能在于注意定向，进而更好地完成社会交互。 本文关键词语 ： 信任，共同注意，凝视线索效应。 Abstract Faces are extremely important stimuli in social life, from which people can obtaindiverse informatione.g., age, gender, emotion. Researchers found that peoplespontaneously formed stable impressions of trustworthiness from faces rapidly. However, thefunctional significance of such mechanisms in social interactions remains unclear. In thepresent study, we focused on the function of attentional orienting. We explored the functionalsignificance of trust information extraction by examining whether it modulates attentionalorientingthe flexible hypothesisor notthe reflexive hypothesis. Participants performeda Posner s cue-target task. We took the faces rated for trustworthiness by another groupbeforehand as experimental stimulimore-trustworthy vs. less-trustworthy. Results showedthat the gaze cueing effect occurred in the more-trustworthy condition but not in theless-trustworthy conditionExperiments 1 and 3, which was due to the trust information infacesExperiment 4instead of low-level characteristics of the face stimuliExperiments2. The results supported the flexible hypothesis, demonstrating that the trustworthiness offacial appearance modulated attentional orienting in gaze following. These findings impliedthat the functional significance of the quick sketch of trustworthiness might lie in attentionalorienting, thus benefits our social interactions. Key Words ： Trustworthiness; Joint attention; Gaze cueing effect。 文章为硕士论文，如需全文请点击底部下载全文链接】 1.1、凝视追随效应的相关研究及基本范式 1.2、凝视线索效应的反射性 1.3、凝视线索效应的可调控性 1.4、 当下研究. 第二章 实验. 2.1、被试 2.2、仪器和实验刺激. 2.3、实验设计. 2.4、实验一结果. 2.4.1、数据分析 2.4.2、结果. 第三章 实验二 3.1、被试 3.2、仪器和实验刺激. 3.3、实验设计. 3.4、实验二结果 3.4.1、 数据分析. 3.4.2、结果. 第四章 实验三 4.1、被试 4.2、仪器和实验刺激. 4.3、实验设计. 4.4、实验三结果. 4.4.1、数据分析 4.4.2、结果 第五章 实验四 5.1、 被试 5.2、仪器和实验刺激. 5.3、实验设计. 5.4、实验四结果 5.4.1、数据分析 5.4.2、结果. 第六章 总讨论. 6.1、对支持灵敏性假讲证据的进一步讲明 6.2、面孔传达的可信度信息对注意线索效应的调 6.3、面孔可信度与凝视线索效应的互相作用， 6.4、面孔可信度调节凝视线索效应的功能意义. 6.5、将来的研究方向， 6.6、 结 论 综上所述，本研究表示清楚，面孔的信任度调节凝视引发的注意效应，证实了灵敏性假设。这些结果表示清楚，由凝视线索诱导的注意力定向不仅仅仅是一种反射性的注意力转移，而是以一种灵敏的方式使用，支持自上而下的加工。人类对面孔信任信息进行快速提取的功能意义，可能在于促进空间注意。 以下为参考文献 Al exander, T，Baron, S. G, Oosterhof N. N. (2008). Evaluating face trustworthines: amodel based appro ach. 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