专题6数量词和冠词-2020-2021学年高二英语期末备考语法专题突破(解析版).pdf

数量词和冠词 1.There are _ flowers and trees shown in the park and_ people go to have a look.A.plenty of;much B.various;many C varieties of;various of D.quite a few;quite a little【答案解析】B【详解】考查数量词和形容词。句意：公园里有各种各样的花和树，有许多人去看。A.plenty of 大量，许多;much 大量的；B.various 各种各样的;many 许多的；C.varieties of 各种各样的;various of 不同的；D.quite a few 不少，相当多;quite a little 相当多，很多。根据 flowers and trees 可知此处要用形容词修饰名词，表示各种各样的花和树。people 是名词的复数形式，因此要用 many 修饰 people。故选 B 项。2.Only when you have been familiar with the plan _.A.then youll be able to carry it out B.were you able to carry it out C.and you will be able to carry out it D.will you be able to carry it out【答案】D【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有你熟悉了该计划，你才能将它执行。“only+when 引导的时间状语从句”位于句首，主句需要使用部分倒装语序（一般疑问句的语序），因此 A 项错误；空格处应填入主句，因此出现并列连词 and 是不合理的，即 C 项错误；B 项使用了倒装语序，但是它使用的时态（一般过去时）是错误的，由语境可知，执行计划是“将来”要发生的事情，应使用一般将来时。故选 D。【点睛】“only+状语（从句）”位于句，句子（主句）通常要用部分倒装语序。1.“only副词”位于句首。如：Only then did I realize that I was wrong.只是到了那时我才意识到是我错了。2.“only+介词短语”位于句首。如：Only by working hard can you succeed.只有努力工作你才能成功。Only in the reading-room can you find him.你只有在阅览室你才能找到他。3.“only+状语从句”位于句首。如：Only when one loses freedom does one know its value.一个人只有在失去自由后才知道自由的可贵。3.We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across continent。A.the；the B./；the C.the；/D./；/【答案解析】B 此题考查固定搭配中零冠词的用法以及定冠词表特指的用法。句意：我们乘船绕道去西海岸，而没有开车（直接）穿过大陆去。by sea 坐船，等于 by ship，不需加冠词，类似的还有 by bus,by air.continent 这里是特指，为说话双方所知道，故其前加定冠词 the。4.He is so clever that he can solve _ problems by himself.A.a great many of B.a large amount of C.a series of D.much【答案解析】C【详解】考查数词。句意：他很聪明，能自己解决一系列问题。A.a great many 后直接加可数名词复数，不需要介词 of；B.a large amount of+不可数名词；C.a series of+可数名词复数；D.much+不可数名词。故选 C。5.He is so clever that he can solve _ problems by himself.Aa great many of Ba large amount of Ca series of Dmuch【答案解析】C 考查数词。句意：他很聪明，能自己解决一系列问题。A.a great many 后直接加可数名词复数，不需要介词 of；B.a large amount of+不可数名词；C.a series of+可数名词复数；D.much+不可数名词。故选 C。6.How about _ Christmas evening party?I should say it was _ success.A.a;a B.the;a C.a;不填 D.the;不填【答案解析】B【详解】考查冠词。句意：圣诞晚会怎么样?我应该说它很成功。Christmas evening party 特指对方所参加的圣诞节晚会，所以要用定冠词 the。success 意为“成功的人或事”时，是可数名词，表示泛指要用不定冠词 a。故选 B。7._ great number of doctors and nurses from all over China _ to Hubei in the early 2020 and _ number of them_ over10,000.A.The;sent;a;were B.A;were sent;the;was C.The;were sent;a;was D.A;sent;the;were【答案解析】B【详解】考查冠词、被动语态和主谓一致。句意：2020 年初，中国各地的大量的医护人员被派往湖北，数量超过 1 万人。第一个空是大量用 a number of；第二个空派送是谓语动词，医护人员和派送是被动关系，用被动语态。第三个空 the number of 表示数量，做主语谓语用单数。故选 B。8.Later _ word came that Dolly _ sheep had become seriously ill.A.a;a B.the;the C./;the D./;/【答案解析】C【详解】考查冠词。句意：后来有消息说 Dolly 羊病得很重。word 意为“消息”时，不可数名词，不可数名词表泛指时，不加冠词，sheep 特指 Dolly 羊，应在 sheep 前面用 the 表特指。故选 C 项。9.The heavy rain lasted 3 hours on _ end and came to _ end when the class was over.A.an;an B.an;/C./;an D./;/【答案解析】C【详解】考查冠词。句意：这场大雨连续不断地下了三个小时，当放学时才停住。结合句意可知第一空考查短语 on end 持续地，第二空考查短语 come to an end 结束，故选 C 项。10.The rain poured down for hours on _ end,and finally came to _ end.A./;an B.the,an C./;/D.an;an【答案解析】A【详解】考查冠词。句意：雨连续下了好几个小时，终于停了。固定短语 on end 连续地；come to an end 结束，告终。故选 A 项。11.The parents were shocked by_news that their son needed_operation on his knee.A.A;/B.the;/C.the;an D.a;an【答案解析】B【解析】句意：他们的儿子需要在膝盖处做一个手术，这个消息使得父母非常震惊。此句中的 news 是特指后面同位语从句中提到的内容，故应该用定冠词 the；儿子需要在膝盖上做一个手术，非特指，用不定冠词 a。12.Penicillin,_ chemical in mould that was first discovered in 1928,wasnt purified to be used as a medicine until _World War.A.a;the B./;/C.the;the D.a;/【答案解析】D【详解】考查冠词。句意：青霉素是 1928 年首次发现的霉菌中的一种化学物质，直到第二次世界大战后才被提纯用作药物。chemical 为名词，此处泛指“一种化学物质”，故用不定冠词 a；专有名词前通常使用零冠词，故第二空不填。故选 D。13.I dont know exactly what they are working on,but Ive got rough idea of field of their research.A.the,a B.不填,the C.the,不填 D.a,the【答案解析】D【详解】考查冠词用法。句意：我不知道他们究竟在做什么，但我对他们的研究领域有了大致的了解。have got a rough idea“有大致的了解”，idea 为泛指，故前加 a，“他们的研究领域”中 field 为特指，故填 the，选项 D 符合语义。14.Dont take it seriously，AliceI wasnt making _ fun of you its nothing but _ joke A./;the B.the;the C.the;a D./;a 【答案解析】D 试题分析：在本句中，make fun of sb是固定搭配，意思是“捉弄某人”，而在第二个空中，joke 由于是在本句中首次出现，故用不定冠词 a。根据句意，可知选 D。15.He is in _ possession of that beautiful garden and the shop is in _ possession of his brother.A.the;the B.the;/C./;the D./;/【答案解析】C【详解】考查固定搭配及冠词。句意：他拥有那座美丽的花园，这家商店归他哥哥所有。in possession of 意为“某人拥有某物，”，而 in the possession of为固定搭配，意为“某物为某人拥有”。分析句子的语境可知，第一句是“某人拥有某物”，即 in possession of；而“in the possession of”为“某物为某人拥有”，故要用定冠词，故选 C。16.Its _ best to make _ friends with those who are honest.A.the;不填 B.不填;不填 C.不填;the D.the;the【答案解析】B【详解】考查冠词。句意：最好和诚实的人交朋友。形容词最高级作表语前面省定冠词 the；固定词组：make friends with sb.“与某人交朋友”。故选 B。17.We were sitting quietly.All of sudden,a piece of classical music sounded,which gave life to the whole stadium.A.the;/B.the;the C.a;/D.a;the【答案解析】C【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们安静地坐着，突然，一曲古典音乐响起，这给整个体育场带来活力。all of a sudden 突然地；give life to 给带来活力。故选 C。18.It is said that _ bridge was built in _ Ming Dynasty.A.a;a B.the;the C.a;the D.the;a【答案解析】B【详解】考查冠词。句意：据说，这座桥建于明朝。根据句子的语境，bridge 是指具体某一座桥，属特指，故用 the；某个朝代的前面要用 the。故选 B。19It is said that _ bridge was built in _ Ming Dynasty.Aa;a Bthe;the Ca;the Dthe;a【答案解析】B 考查冠词。句意：据说，这座桥建于明朝。根据句子的语境，bridge 是指具体某一座桥，属特指，故用 the；某个朝代的前面要用 the。故选 B。20.The new law has come into effect,and number of wild animals here is on_increase now.A.the;the B.a;the C.the;/D.a;/【答案解析】A【详解】考查冠词及固定搭配。句意：新的法律已经生效，野生动物的数量正在增加。由谓语动词 is 可知主语是 the number of.，the number of.为固定搭配，意为“的数量”；on the increase 是固定搭配，意为“在增加”。根据语境可知，选 A。