现在完成时--短暂性动词变延续性动词.pdf

word 专业资料-可复制编辑-欢迎下载 延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换 动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay 等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,如：for 2 years;since 从句,如 since he came here;since+过去时间点名词,如 since last year,since 5 days ago。例:He has lived here for 6 years.You can keep the book for 5 days.二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。如:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy 等。非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago;at 5 oclock;例:He died 5 years ago.三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：（考试重点，学生易错。）例：He left five minutes ago.=He has been away for five minutes.这句话的意思是指他离开的动作是 5 分钟之前发生的，是过去时。也就是说从他离开到现在已经有五分钟了，这个动作是延续的，要用现在完成时，并且要把原来的短暂性动词 改为延续性动词。一些短暂性动词及相应的延续性动词：arrive（get to/reach）be here(in)begin(start)be on die be dead come here（back）be here（back）leave be away(from)fall ill(sick,asleep)be ill(sick,asleep)get up be up go/get out（there）be out（there）finish be over put on wear 或 be on open be open（keep sth open）join be in 或 be a member of+组织机构 close be closed go to school be a student borrow keep buy/get have catch(a cold)have(a cold)get to know know begin to study study come to work work move to live in finish/end be over come to be in sit down be seated marry be married dress be dressed become be