2021年肇庆市第十二中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案.pdf

2021 年肇庆市第十二中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A When the sun shines brightly,it provides a great chance to get outdoor things done.Like making hay!At least,that is what farmers from the past would say.Make hay while the sun shines.This idiom is very old,dating back to Medieval times.Rain would often ruin the process of making hay.So,farmers had no choice but to make hay when the sun was shining.Today,we all use this expression,not just farmers.When conditions are perfect to get something done,we can say,Its a good idea to make hay while the sun shines.In other words,you are taking advantage of a good situation or of good conditions.You are making the most of your opportunities.These all mean making hay while the sun shines.And sometimes we use this expression to mean we beat someone to the punch,or we got ahead of someone else.And other times you make hay while the sun shines to make good use of the chance to do something while it lasts.You are being opportunistic taking advantage of a good opportunity.For example,my friend Ozzy was sick for a week and could not go to work.So,his co-worker Sarah-who doesnt like him-took advantage of his illness and stole his project!Talk about making hay while the sun shines.Sometimes when you make hay while the sun shines you are staying ahead of a problem like in this example:Hey,do you want to go hiking with me and my friends this weekend?The weather is going to be beautiful!I wish I could.But I have to finish my taxes.Its the last weekend before theyre due.Oh,thats too bad.Wait.What about your taxes?My taxes are done.I was off from work a couple of weeks ago and made hay while the sun shined.I got all of it done!I wish I would have taken advantage of my time off last week_1_All I did was lay around thehouse.And thats all the time we have for these Words and Their Stories.But join us again next week.You can listen while youre making dinner or riding to work.Yeah,make hay while the sun shines.1.Which of the following best matches make hay whilethe sun shines in paragraph 2?A.Sow nothing,reap nothing.B.Sharp tools make good work.C.Strike while the iron is hot.D.One swallow doesnt make a summer.2.According to the underlined sentence,what feeling does the speaker express?A.Admirable B.Regretful C.Annoyed D.Indifferent 3.Where is the passage probably taken from?A.A radio program B.A magazine C.A brochure D.A novel B Even as Google plans to test its fleet(车队)of self-driving cars on public roads this summer,its business model remains abit of a mystery.By 2025,as many as 250,000 self-driving vehicles could be sold each year globally,according to a study by an industry research firm.“Vehicles that can take anyone from A to B at the push of a button could transform mobility for millions of people,”said Chris Urmson,director of Googles self-driving car project.For now,Google has no plans to sell any of its self-driving cars.They are strictly for research.But they will hit public roads this summer near Googles headquarters inMountain View,California.Previous testing has taken place only on closed courses.The cars are built to operate without a steering wheel,accelerator(油门)or brake pedal.“Our software and sensors do all the work,”Urmson said.“The vehicles will be very basic we want to learn from them and adapt them as quickly as possible but they will take you where you want to go at the push of a button.”The prototype(雏形)is the first of a 100-car fleet the tech giant is building.In the long run,Urmson sees a future of safer roads the majority of auto accidents are caused by human error and fewer traffic jams.Robotic cars could also shuttle people who cant drive because of age or illness.Google has said that self-driving cars could launch new business models in which people buy the use of vehicles they dont own.The company has already tested other types of self-driving cars on public streets,including modified Lexus sport-utility vehicles,under a special permit program by the California Department of Motor Vehicles that requires a human driver at the controls.The state has issued six other companies permits to operate such cars,includingDelphi,Mercedes-Benz,Volkswagen,Tesla,Bosch and Nissan.The vehicles that will be tested on open roads this summer will have removable steering wheels,accelerators and brake pedals to allow“safety drivers”to take control if needed.4.According to Chris Urmson,_.A.self-driving cars can give driving orders to humans B.self-driving cars are specially designed for the elderly C.software and sensors are vital for self-driving cars D.ordinary vehicles will be replaced by self-driving cars 5.Paragraph 4 is meant to tell us that _.A.many traffic accidents are caused by human error B.some people cant drive because of illness or age C.Urmson has promised to create safer roads in the future D.self-driving cars will probably help to make safer roads and decrease traffic jams 6.The underlined word“issued”in the last paragraph can probably bereplaced by_.A.given B.claimed C.awarded D.prohibited 7.Whats the authors attitude towards self-driving cars?A.Objective.B.Indifferent.C.Subjective.D.Favorable.C Imagine turning on the GPS and seeing an image of your car from above.As the car drives,the map follows along in real time,alarming you to any traffic,pedestrians,animals,or other things nearby.Routes and names of roads appear over the live stream.Its like the map has come to life.This type of map isnt available yet.But it could be soon.In 2014,the Worldview-3 satellites was launched into space.Even though it orbits Earth at more than 370 miles（600 km）away,it can capture images of objects on Earth that are just 10 inches（25cm）across.Peeringall the way from outer space,it can make out a smartphone held in your hand.It can tell what types of cars are traveling down a road.But it cant identify your face or read the cars license plate numbers.at least not openly.According to some reports,this satellite and other US spy satellites have the technology to take even sharper images,with a resolution（分辨率）of up to around 4 inches（10cm）.ButUS law forbids making these super-sharp pictures public,to prevent enemies from using them.But the idea that anybody might be able to spy on the entire Earth in such detail may seem horrible.Live,high-detail satellite mapping could possibly be used to monitor anybody at any time.Ray Purdy of University College London told CNN that he is concerned about what this could mean for privacy.Most satellites are commercially owned,so if you have money you can buy that imagery.“It means anyone can spy on anyone,”he said.At the same time,live,detailed maps of Earths surface could be useful in amazing ways.Live maps of a disaster area could quickly discover people in need of rescue as well as the safest routes in or out.Satellite images are already helping catch illegal logging and fishing operations.Higher detail may make it possible to catch other criminals in the act.The images could also make it easier for farmers to watch over their crops.What do you think?Do you wish everyone could access high-detail live maps of Earths surface?8.What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 mean?A.Seeing B.Standing C.Walking D.Hearing 9.Why does US law forbid making super-sharp pictures public?A.to protect the technology.B.for the sake of safety.C.to protect the environment.D.to threat other countries.10.Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A.This super-sharp map hasnt been put into market.B.Worldview-3 satellites orbits the Earth at 370 km away.C.Personal privacy is safely protected if you use the super-sharp map.D.The super-sharp map should be completely forbidden.11.How is this technology used in agriculture?A.It can help improve the production of crops.B.It can help kill pests.C.It can help farmer to watch over their crops from far away.D.It can help increase farm land.D Parents and math teachers regularly asked by their school-aged charges whether math matters inreal life now have an answer.In a study published by the National Bureau of Economic Research this week,Harvard Kennedy School Policy Professor Joshua Goodman took a look at what happened to students whose high schools were required in the 1980s to increase the minimum level of coursework required to graduate.What he found is that the students were more likely to increase the number of math courses they took as a result of the change in standards and that translated into higher earnings down the line.Put simply:About 15 years after they graduated,the high school graduates who went to school when these changes took effect saw their average earnings increase about 10%for every extra year of math coursework.The findings may add fuel to the steady drum of education experts,policy makers and others calling for an increased focus on science and math education.The increase in required math courses didnt necessarily produce rocket scientists,Goodman notes,because the extra coursework wasnt at a particularly high level.But becoming familiar with and practicing ly basic math skills allowed high school graduates to pursue and excel at jobs that required some level of computational knowledge,he said.Goodman acknowledged that the earnings boost for the students connected with the up tick（上升）in math education may be dependent on the state of the economy.When Goodman checked in the late 1990s and early 2000s on the earnings of the students who graduated in the late 1985，he found that their earnings increased significantly if they took more math.12.What does Joshua Goodmans study find?A.High school graduates earn more.B.High school students prefer math.C.Math matters a lot in ones income.D.Math is a compulsory course in school.13.Why is increase in required math courses useful?A.It produced rocket scientists.B.It makes high school students smarter.C.It meets the requirements of the government.D.It enables high school graduates to get better jobs.14.What might be the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To give a warning to policy makers.B.To seek help for high school students problems.C.To show the great importance of learning math.D.To tell a struggling history of high school students.15.What could be the best title for the text?A.Efforts matter most B.Math makes money C.Earnings of different graduates D.Changes of high school courses 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 The World Water Day has been celebrated annually on 22 March since1992.Each year has a different theme,looking at things like the role of clean water in the world of work,ways to stop wasting water,findingways to supply water to underprivileged groups and so on._16_But it is also vital for sanitation(卫生).It is estimated that more than 700 children under the age of seven die every day from illnesses linked to unsafe water and poor sanitation.The right to water and sanitation was recognized as a human right._17_These include rural communities,people who have been displaced due to war and local conflicts and areas where climate change is making water more and more scarcer.Apart from the obvious health issues,a lack of accessible clean water means that people often women and children spend hours every day walking to and from distant water supplies.This means they dont have time to dedicate to work,studies and other domestic duties._18_And people who are not able to walk to get their own water are particularly vulnerable.There are many charities working on creating sustainable supplies of clean water for different communities around the world._19_But the fundamental problem of increasing demand for a limited resource can only be addressed by more efficient use of water,especially in industry and agriculture.Waste-water recycling,capturing rainwater,more efficient irrigation techniques and reforestation are all examples of how water can be used more efficiently._20_We should support charities,raise awareness,take part in the World Water Day events that are happening all around the world and,of course,be careful with how we use water in our own lives.Visit the UN World Water Day website to find out about an event near us.Follow world water day on social media and help spread the word about this incredibly important issue.A.Clean drinking water is fundamental.B.As individuals,what can we do to help the issue?C.The search for water becomes their main occupation.D.This important work needs to continue and to expand.E.Every living cell in the body needs water to keep functioning.F.In normal conditions,the human body can only survive three or four days without water.G.However,there are still at least 2.1 billion people around the world living without safe water.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Ryan always knew what he wanted to be when he grew up.While other kids_21_themselves becoming a NFL player or a lawyer,Ryans_22_was different and a little bit_23_.His mother Mary is a retiredairline worker,and his family flew on TWA(环球航空公司)so_24_that he wanted to be an airline_25_himself.After years of hard work,Ryan has_26_that.Hes now a captain for PSA Airlines.Mary recently visitedVirginiawhere Ryan is_27_.When it came time for her to fly back home toFlorida,the_28_for airline was clear.She couldnt_29_to be a passenger on her favorite pilother sons plane!Yet things didnt really go as_30_.Mary arrived at the airport on time,only to be told that the flight was seriously_31_.Mary decided to wait,_32_to make it onto Ryans flight.Other passengers got_33_throughout the long wait,choosing to take different flights,but Mary_34_the idea of waiting.Seven hours later,Mary finally boarded the plane.She found out she was the_35_passenger on it!“After a seven-hour delay,others were rebooked on an earlier flight except for one:my mum,”Ryan said.“I had the_36_of being her private pilot.”The crew found ways to make the trip even more pleasant for Mary,who had an entire jet that day.Mary called the_37_“a day for the memory book”.This is really the sort of story you could never even hope to_38_.Mary was the one to wait,but she had a great_39_for doing so.Only the best mom would_40_her own time and comfort in order to support her child like this.21.A.risked B.disciplined C.witnessed D.imagined 22.A.response B.ambition C.promise D.comment 23.A.higher B.wiser C.simpler D.stranger 24.A.independently B.flexibly C.frequently D.cautiously 25.A.pilot B.spokesman C.attendant D.designer 26.A.recognized B.achieved C.declared D.recalled 27.A.trapped B.raised C.welcomed D.based 28.A.choice B.support C.interest D.concern 29.A.admit B.bear C.wait D.afford 30.A.explained B.planned C.recommended D.reported 31.A.delayed B.canceled C.expensive D.booked 32.A.uncertain B.proud C.shocked D.determined 33.A.along well B.fed up C.injured D.prepared 34.A.complained of B.approved of C.stuck to D.appealed to 35.A.only B.right C.first D.ex