2021年衡阳市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及参考答案.pdf

2021 年衡阳市第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Nothing beats live music,but the venue makes a difference.When youre able to score tickets to an incredible concert in an incredible place,you wont forget the experience.Here are some of the coolest music venues from around the world.If you havent been to any of these,youve got some traveling to do.Red Rocks,Morrison,the United States Red Rocks might be the most beautiful and famous venue in the United States.At 6,450 feet above sea level,Red Rocks is a geologically formed natural stage.Its massive sandstone provides a perfect stage for jam bands.If youre into the blues and jazz,youll have no trouble finding something in line with your interests.Meet Factory,Prague,Czech Republic Smallest venues on this list,Meet Factory is an art gallery,theater,and music venue.The venue only accommodates 1,000 people,so you wont see any huge names come through.Still,its a great place to see up-and-coming local acts,and if youve got an eye for contemporary art,youll love your time here.Arena of Nmes,Nmes,France Originally built around A.D.70,the Arena of Nimes presents concertgoers with an interesting question:Should they enjoy the music,or marvel at the architecture?The Arena is,after all,one of the worlds best-preserved Roman theaters.Many major touring acts plan stops at the Arena of Nimes,especially during the venues annual festival.Sydney Opera House,Sydney,Australia The Sydney Opera House is one of the worlds most famous performing venues.Is also one of the most distinctive buildings in Sydney,thanks to the breathtaking design by Danish architect Utzon.It hosts about 40 events per week,so whether youre into jazz,rock,classical music,or opera,youll find something to watch.1.Where can you enjoy music in natural beauty?A.At Red Rocks.B.At Meet Factory.C.At Arena of Nimes.D.At Sydney Opera House.2.What is special about Meet Factory?A.It enjoys breathtaking scenery.B.It hosts both musical and artistic events.C.It is the largest venue of all.D.It is famous for contemporary music.3.What do the listed music venues have in common?A.They have a long history.B.They are built near the sea.C.They accommodate thousands of people.D.They are beautiful tourist attractions.B British anthropologists(人类学家)Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham,after studying the results of one-on-one boxing,tae kwon do,Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling matches at the Olympic Games,conclude that when two competitors are equally matched in fitness and skill,the athlete wearing red is more likely to win.Hill and Barton report that when one competitor is much better than the other,colour has no effect on the result.However,when there is only a small difference between them,the effect of colour is enoughtipthe balance.The anthropologists say that the number of times red wins is not simply by chance,but that these results are statistically significant.Joanna Setchell,a primate(灵长目动物)researcher at the University of Cambridge,has found similar results in nature.She studies the large African monkeys known as mandrills.Mandrills have bright red noses that stand out against their white faces.Setchells work shows that the powerful males the ones who are more successful with females have a brighter red nose than other males.As well as the studies on primates by Setchell,another study shows the effect of red among birds.In an experiment,scientists put red plastic rings on the legs of male zebra finches and this increased the birds success with female zebra finches,Zebra finches already have bright red beaks(鸟喙),so this study suggests that,as with Olympic athletes,an extra flash of red is significant.In fact,researchers from theUniversityofGlasgowsay that the birds brightly coloured beaks are an indicator of health.Jonathan Blount,a biologist,andhis colleagues think they have found proof that bright red or orange beaks attract females because they mean that the males are healthier.Nothing in nature is simple,however,because in species such as the blue footed booby,a completely different colour seems to give the male birds the same advantage with females.Meanwhile,what about those athletes who win in their events while wearing red?Do their clothes give them an unintentional advantage?Robert Barton accepts that“that is the implication”of their findings.Is it time for sports authorities to consider new regulations on sports clothing?4.According to their research.Hill and Barton conclude that _.A.the colour of clothing has an effect on most sport events B.red should be the choice of colour for clothing in sports C.red plays a role when competitors are equally capable D.athletes perform better when surrounded by bright red 5.The underlined word“tip”in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _.A.achieve B.advance C.keep D.change 6.The example of the blue footed booby proves that _.A.male birds use different body parts to draw attention B.red is not the only colour to attract female birds C.blue gives female birds the same advantage D.blue can indicate how healthy a bird is 7.What can be inferred from the passage?A.The colour red gives male animals the most advantage.B.Male zebra finches prefer to have red plastic rings on their legs.C.Rules on sports clothing are going to be changed.D.Athletes wearing red may have an advantage over their opponents.C How much do consumers care about the carbon footprint of the products they buy?Would they care more if the goods were labeled with emissions（排放物）data?Does it matter at which stage in the lifecycle of a product the carbon is emitted?Research published in the International Journal of Environmental Policy and Decision Making offers a way to find out Study participants view a carbon footprint label as similar to labels that have appeared on some existing productsThe label shows the carbon dioxide emissions connected with their production,transportation,usage and disposal（清理）,thus showing the buyer the likely effect on climate change of buying a particular product In the first group of studies,the research team proved that carbon emissions and a carbon emissions label would indeed play a role in consumer product decisions,although not as great a role as priceIn a second set of studies,the team found that emissions connected with usage were most important to consumers followed by the transportation and disposal stagesThe carbon footprint of the producing process was considered less important to consumers than the other stages in the products lifecycle because it is outside the consumers controlThat is,the participants felt they were less responsible for carbon emitted during producing processConsumers value recycling a product,but the researchers found that,overall,the consumers would preferproducers to offset（补偿）carbon emissions rather than having toaddressthe problem directly themselves Consumers are increasingly concerned with climate change problems,and already carbon labeling is appearing on some productsWe find that participantsnot only take the carbon label into account when making product decisions,but they want detailed information on the label,the researchers explainThey suggest that companies should prepare for how carbon emissions labels might affect future consumer choice 8.Which of the following most affects consumers choice?A.Labels B.Price C Packaging D.Carbon footprint 9.About the carbon dioxide emissions in the products lifecycle,which stage do consumers care most?A.Usage stage B.Transportation stage C.Disposal stage D.Producing stage 10.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word address?A.Look into B.Point out C.Deal with D.Run into 11.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Companies should take carbonemissions more seriously B.All products have been labeled with carbon emissions data C.Producers will attach less importance to carbon emissions labels D.Products labeled with carbon emissions data will have poor sales D Most animals living in crowded conditions have particularly strong immune systems,so it long puzzled researchers that honeybees do not.Part of the answer,discovered in 2015,is that queen bees vaccinate their eggs by moving parts of proteins from disease-causing pathogens to them before they are laid.These act as antigens totriggerthe development of a protective immune response in the developing young.But that observation raises the question of how the queen receives her antigen supply in the first place?Dr.Harwood wondered if the nurse bees were taking in parts of pathogens and passing them to royal jelly they were producing while eating the food brought to the hive.To test this idea,he teamed up with a group at theUniversityofHelsinki,inFinland,led by Dr Heli Salmela.Together,they collected about 150 nurse bees and divided them among six queenless mini hives equipped with baby bees to look after.Instead of honey,they fed the nurses on sugar water,and for three of the hives they added P.larvae,a bacterium causing a hive-killing disease,to the sugar water.In this case,to stop such an infection happening,Dr Harwood and Dr Salmela heat-treated the pathogens and so killed them in advance.They also labelled the dead bacteria with a fluorescent dye,to track them easily.And,sure enough,it was confirmed that parts of P.larvae were getting into royal jelly released by those bees which had been fed with the sugar water containing that.All told,these findings suggest that nurse bees are indeed,through their royal jelly,passing antigens onto the queen for vaccinating her eggs.They also mean the nurses are vaccinating baby bees as well,because baby bees,too,receive royal jelly for the first few days after they come out.12.What does the underlined word“trigger in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Cut out.B.Set off.C.Slow down.D.Put off.13.Which is the main experimental subject in Paragraph 3?A.Queen bees.B.Nurse bees.C.Bee eggs.D.Baby bees.14.Why was P.larvae added to the sugar water?A.To test if it would cause a hive-killing disease.B.To check how the bacterium would affect the hive.C.To see whether the target bees would favor the taste.D.To confirm the bees would pass pathogens to royal jelly.15.What is the text mainly about?A.How bees multiply.B.How antigens function.C.How bees get vaccinated.D.How immune system works.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Cuddling and hugging arent for everyone.Some people feel uncomfortable when others touchthem,but nearly 90 percent of participants in the Touch Test reported liking physical affection from their partners._16_We are born as cuddlers,and we never really outgrow it.People who got regular cuddles were less likely to get sick when exposed to a cold virus.Snuggles(依偎)can even reduce physical pain,especially if the person you are touching is someone you feel close to._17_The chemical triggered by touch helps reduce the fight-or-flight impulses that stress produces,helping you fall asleep faster.It also aidsdigestion,making for a more restful sleep._18_It can be lying next to each other in bed,or other types of loving touches.If one way doesnt feel right,try something else.Foot rubs,head rubs,hand-holding,laying your head or someones chest,sitting side by side on the couch with legs touchingall these things count There are even different types of hugs.For people who arent fully comfortable with physical touch,its important to start slow,both in the quantity and quality of physical contact.Take the time to find out what your hug partner likes,and what your friends and loved ones enjoy._19_ Dont focus only on snuggling with your partner.Children are natural cuddlers in view of their strong sense of security and warmth.Appropriate cuddling between parents and kids helps form tight,loving bonds._20_Pets are awesome snuggle buddies.Theres a reason why therapy animals existpetting and loving animals can help you feel better.This can be especially important for people who dont have a human companion to cuddle with.A.Body language is often harder to fake B.Cuddlers and snugglers also sleep better C.Learn to speak their physical love language.D.While doing it,say something loving to increase your affection.E.You can also look beyond humans to meet your cuddling needs F.The instinct to seek out human touch is stronger than most of us realize.G.Not all cuddling is created equal,and there is more than one way to do it.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Anna was a 9-year-old girl from a small village.She_21_primary school till 4th grade at her village.For the 5th grade on,she had to get a(n)_22_to a school in a city nearby.She was very happy knowing that she was_23_by a very famous school in a city.Today was the first day of her school.Anna went to her_24_after asking fellow students for _25_.Upon seeing her _26_clothing and knowing she is from a small village,other students started _27_her.Luckily,the teacher arrived in no _28_.She asked everyone to keep _29_.After that,the teacher_30_Anna to the class.Then she told everyone to write down the 7 wonders of the world.When everyone except Anna had _31_their answer paper,the teacher came and asked Anna,“What happened,dear?”Dont _32_.Just write what you know as other students have _33_learned about it.”Anna replied,“I was thinking that there are so many things,and which I should_34_to write?”When she handed in her answer paper,the teacher reading everyones answers and the majority(大多数)had answered it _35_.The teacher was_36_as the students had remembered what she had taught them.At last the teacher _37_Annas answer paper and started reading.“The 7 Wonders are To be able to see;To be able to hear;To be able to feel;To laugh;To think;To be kind;To love!”The teacher stood_38_and the whole class was speechless.Today,a girl from a small village _39_us of the precious(珍贵的)gifts that God has given us,which is truly a _40_.21.A.visited B.attended C.avoided D.left 22.A.gift B.award C.trial D.admission 23.A.rejected B.doubted C.accepted D.introduced 24.A.classroom B.dormitory C.library D.canteen 25.A.advice B.permission C.protection D.direction 26.A.special B.poor C.familiar D.tight 27.A.laughing at B.playing with C.pointing at D.talking with 28.A.way B.case C.time D.hurry 29.A.calm B.quiet C.safe D.friendly 30.A.explained B.announced C.introduced D.mentioned 31.A.submitted B.received C.prepared D.collected 32.A.challenge B.sigh C.pretend D.worry 33.A.even B.hardly C.already D.never 34.A.choose B.agree C.expect D.manage 35.A.timely B.independently C.unwillingly D.correctly 36.A.determined B.pleased C.relaxed D.exhausted 37.A.picked up B.made up C.relied on D.took in 38.A.nervous B.worried C.shocked D.delighted 39.A.warned B.reminded C.searched D.persuaded 40.A.trick B.lesson C.relief D.wonder 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Before highspeed rail,it took around 34 hours to