人教版英语八年级下册英语第一单元学案.pdf

八年级下册 Unit 1 Whats the matter Section A 1.What s the matter 怎么啦出什么事情了【解析】What s the matter with you =Whats the trouble with you =What s wrong with you 你怎么了 =Whats up =What happens to sb.【2013 自贡 3】18.Whats the matter _ Tom.He is wet through.His car ran _ the river.;in ;into ;into Whats the matter with you I have a bad cold.()Whats _ with you A.trouble B.the matter C.the wrong D.matter()_ Nothing serious,but a bit tired.Better have a rest now,dear.A.Is that all B.Is there anything else C.Whats this D.Whats the matter with you【2011云南昆明】27.Whats the matter with Tina _.A.She is away.B.She is cool.C.She has a sore throat.D.She should take some medicine【拓展】matter 的用法(1)It doesnt matter 没关系（用来回答别人道歉时的用语）()Im sorry to break your pen._ A.Thats right B.It doesnt matter C.Thank you【2013 黑龙江齐齐哈尔】17.I have a pain in my back._ .Youd better see a doctor.A.Im sorry to hear that B.Nothing serious C.It doesnt matter【2013 四川广安】26Sorry,Im late again _.AThats OK BIt doesnt matter CGood idea 2.I have a cold 我感冒了 I have a stomachache 我患胃痛 I have a sore back.我背痛。【解析 1】have a/an+疾病名词 “患病”(cold/fever/cough)have a sore throat 患喉咙痛 have a sore back 患背痛 have a fever 发烧 have a cold=catch a cold 患感冒 have a stomachache 患胃痛 have a toothache 患牙痛 have a headache 患头痛 have a backache 患背痛 Mikes sister _(not have)a stomachache.【2012 曲靖中考】I didnt sleep well last night,because I _ a toothache.A.was B.went C.had D.took【2013 山东莱芜】Tony,Whats _ matter with you I have _ toothache.A.a;the B.the;a C./;the D.the;/【解析 2】back n 背；背部 at the back of.在.的后面 go/come back 返回 give back 归还 3.hand n 手 hand in hand 手拉手 V 交给；传递 hand in 上交 hand on 依次传递 hand out 分发 4.She talked too much yesterday and didnt drink enough water.她昨天说话太多了并且没有喝足够的水。【解析 1】too much/too many/much too 短语 含义 用法 例句 too much 太多 后接不可数名词 There is too much rain these days 修饰动词，放在动词之后 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.too many 太多 后接可数名词复数 There are too many things for me to do every day.much too 太 修饰形容词或副词 Its much too cold in winter.()Mr.Smith eats _ food,so hes _ fat.A.much too;too much B.too many;much too C.too much;too much D.too much;much too【2013 孝感】Why are you so tired these days Well,I have _ homework to do.A.too much B.too many C.much too D.many too【解析 2】enough 的用法 (1)adj.足够的，充分的 修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后 enough time (2)adv.“足够地，十分，相当”修饰 adj./adv,放在 adj./adv 后 expensive enough (3)be+adj.+enough to do sth be strong enough to carry the box.()The boy isnt _ to dress himself.A.old enough B.enough old ()What do you think of the lecture of Li Yangs Crazy English I think its _,but someone thinks its much too _.A.wonderful enough;bored B.enough wonderful;boring C.wonderful;enough;boring D.enough wonderful;bored 5.drink some hot tea with honey.喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶。【解析】with：prep“具有，带有”,表示某物带有或具有某种特征。She is a girl with long hair.with（反）without()He has a sore throat.He should _.A.see a dentist B.drink hot tea with honey C.drink a lot of milk D.eat nothing【2013 达州 3】15.Which would you prefer,coffee or orange juice Either _ OK,but I prefer coffee _milk in it.,with B.is,to C.is,with D.are,to【2013 连云港】30.Id like a cup of black coffee.What about you,Maggie I prefer coffee _ sugar.A.than B.for C.with D.to prep.和.一起 I like to talk freely with my friends.prep 用.，表示“使用某种工具”Cut it with a knife.6.see a dentist and get an x-ray.看牙医并且拍张 x 光。【解析 1】see a dentist=go to a dentist 看牙医 see a doctor=go to a doctor 看医生【解析 2】X-ray/eks rei/n.X 射线；X 光【2011 湖南湘西】You are ill.You had better _ the doctor right now.A.look at B.see C.watch【2012 四川成都】33.Where did you go yesterday,Rick I went to see a _ because I had a cold.A.teacher B.doctor C.reporter 7.What should she do 她该怎么办呢 Should I take my temperature我应该量一下体温吗【解析 1】should“应该”情态动词，后跟动词原形，表示责任和义务 should not=shouldnt 不应该 主语+should/shouldnt+动词原形.You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。You shouldnt t go out at night.你晚上不应该出去。()You _ be quiet when you are in the reading room.A.should B.shouldnt C.can D.cant【2013 山西】21.A country has dreams.We teenagers _ also have dreams.With dreams and hard work,anything amazing can be created.A.may B.must C.should【2013 安徽】You _ drive your car so fast.Its very dangerous.A.wouldnt B.shouldnt C.couldnt D.mightnt【解析 2】take ones temperature 量体温 8.No,it doesnt sound like you have a fever.不需要，听起来你不像发烧了。【解析 1】sound like 听起来像，后接名词或名词性短语作表语。It sounds like a good idea.【拓展】“感官动词+like feel like 摸起来像 smell like 闻起来像 look like 看起来像 taste like 尝起来像【解析 2】fever/fi:v:(r)/n.发烧 have a fever 发烧 You need to take breaks away from the computer.你需要休息一下，远离电脑。9.You need to take break away from the computer.你需要远离电脑，休息休息。【解析】need v 需要 用于肯定句是实义动词 (1)need sth 需要某物 I need your help.(2)人做主语，sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事 Do you need to drink more water (3)物做主语，sth need doing sth=sth need to be done My TV set needs repairing.I need _(come)to the office quickly because some work need _(finish)at once.()David needs _ a good rest.A.has B.to have C.have D.having 用于否定句是情态动词 neednt=dont have to 没有必要 must,need 引导的疑问句肯定回答用 ()Must I hand in my exercise book now,Mr.Zhao No,you _.You may give it to me tomorrow.A.neednt B.mustnt C.cant D.may not ()You dont have to go to bed too late at night.A.cant B.shouldnt C.neednt D.would like to【2013 广东广州】20.Must I finish my homework now No,you _.You can go home now.A.neednt B.mustnt C.shouldnt D.cant 9.I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。【解析】without doing sth.your head and neck still hurt tomorrow,then go to a doctor.如果你的头和脖子明天还疼的话，就去看医生。【解析 1】neck /nek/n.颈；脖子 neck and neck 不分上下，势均力敌【解析 2】hurt /h3：(r)t/v.(hurt/h3：(r)t/)(使痛；受伤)表示肉体感到疼痛或不适，使用时应用疼痛的具体部位作主语。My leg hurts.11.At 9:00 .yesterday,bus No.26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.昨天上午 9:00,26 路公共汽车正沿着中华路行驶，这时，司机看见一位老人躺在马路上。【解析 1】along/down 相同点：prep“顺着；沿着”不同点：along 强调顺着水平方向 down 指“沿着下坡或者往南走”【2012 江苏南京】My father has habit(习惯)of jogging _ the Jinchuan River for an hour in the morning.A.between B.along C.over【2011 襄阳】Would you mind turning _ the light Its too dark here.-OK.Wait a minute,please.A.over B.on C.off D.down【解析 2】see（saw,seen）v 看见 see sb.do sth 看见某人做某事（看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生）see sb.doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在发生）【2012 四川雅安市 1】17.Andy prefers _ books to _ TV.A.reading;watching B.read;watch C.looking;seeing D.look;see【2013 湖北黄石 4】Seeing their teacher _ into the classroom,they stopped _ at once.A.walk;telling B.entering;to speak C.enter;to tell D.walking;talking【解析 3】lie/lai/v.(lay/lei/)躺；平躺 lie lay lain v 躺下，(现在分词 lying).lie down 躺下 lie down and rest 躺下休息 bus driver,24-year-old Wang Ping,stopped the bus without thinking twice.公共汽车司机，24 岁的王平，毫不犹豫的停下了车。【解析】24-year-old 24 岁的“数词+名词+形容词”构成复合形容词，在句中作定语，用连字符后连接，名 词用单数。()Tom,_ boy,is the only child of the family.A.a five years old B.a five-year-old C.a five-year-olds()My brother has a _ son.A.four-years-old B.fourth-year-old C.four-year-old D.four-year-olds【2013 黑龙江绥化】She is a _ girl with two big eyes.A.Six-years-old B.six-year-old C.Six years old 13.He got off and asked the woman what happened.他下车问那名妇女发生了什么事。【解析】get off 下车(反）get on 上车【2012 江苏徐州】Dont forget to take your bag when you _ the bus.A.get off B.take off C.turn off D.put off【拓展】与 get 相关的短语：get up 起床 get back 回来；取回 get over 克服；度过 get onalong well with 与相处融洽 get in a word 插话 get to到达 【2013 山东滨州 4】32.So many problems!Im tired.You should try to them by yourself.You are not a child any longer.A.get into B.get off C.get on D.get over【2013 新疆乌鲁木齐 2】27.If Ted can _ his difficulties,hell make great progress.A.come over B.get over C.get off D.come out 14.But to his surprise,they all agreed to go with him.但令他吃惊的是，所有的乘客都同意和他一起去医院。【解析】surprise spraz v 使吃惊surprising adj.令人吃惊的 surprised adj.吃惊的 surprise sb 使某人吃惊 The bad news surprised me.be surprised at 对感到吃惊 be surprised to do sth 做某事而感到惊讶 be surprised+that 从句 因.而惊讶 Surprise n 惊讶”to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 _(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam.We are _at the _news.(surprise)()_his surprise,she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain.A.At B.To C.In D.On【2011 昭通】I was very surprised when the alien went into a souvenir shop.A.excited B.amazing C.relaxing D.amazed【2012 山东东营市 4】19.The fans were _ to know the death of their favorite singing star Whitney Huston.A.glad B.angry C.excited D.surprised【解析 2】agree v(反)disagree agreement n 同意(1)agree with sb.同意某人 I agree with you.(2)agree to do sth 同意做某事 Do you agree with him No,I _(agree)with him.()I think English is more useful than Chinese.I dont _ you.They are both useful.A.get on with B.catch up with C.talk with D.agree with 15.Thanks to Mr.Wang and the passengers,the doctor saved the man in time.多亏了王先生和乘客的帮助，医生及时挽救了那位老人的生命。【解析 1】thanks to 对亏；由于 thanks to 为习语介词，thanks 不可以改为 thank you，to 后也不接动词原形，这个短语表示原因，意为“由于”、“多亏”，to 表示感谢的对象 thanks for ，意为“因而感谢”，for 强调为何而感谢，其后可接名词或 v-ing thanks 相当于 thank you，【2013 黑龙江绥化】23._ the teacher,Ive made great progress.A.Thank you B.Thanks C.Thanks lot【2013 呼和浩特】74._ her husband，she has now become a famous film star.A.Because B.Thanks to C.Thanks for D.With the help【解析 2】on time 准时/in time 及时 on time=at exactly the right time.准时（在规定的时间之内）强调与某个时刻一致 in time=with enough time to spare/not late 及时（恰在时间点上）表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前发生【记】She didnt catch the _,so she couldnt arrive there _.【短语】at times=sometimes 有时 have a good time 玩得高兴 have time=be free 有空 all the time 一直 at the same time 同时 by the time 到时候 for the first time 第一次 【句型】Its time to do sth=Its time for sth 是该做某事的时间了 It takes sb.some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间 s【山东东营】Tom didnt go to school _ this morning because he overslept.A.at once B.on time C.by accident D.at present 16.But the driver didnt think about himself.但是这位司机完全没有考虑他自己。【解析】think about 考虑；认为【短语】：think about 考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑 think up=come up with 想出【谚语】Think before you act 三思而后行()We need_(想出)a plan.()My mother came up with a good idea which we all agreed to.A.thought about B.thought up C.thought hard 17.Bus hit an old man on Zhonghua Road 26 路公共汽车在中华路上撞到了一位老人【解析】hit/hit/v.(hit/hit/)(用手或器具）击；打 hit sb.击中/撞到某人 The ball hit him in the face.18.Do you agree that people often do not help others because they do not want to get into trouble 人们常常不去帮助别人是因为他们不想惹麻烦。【解析】trouble/trbl/n.问题；苦恼 get into trouble 造成麻烦（或烦恼）be in trouble 处于困境中 have trouble（in)doing sth 做某事有困难【2012 大理】That is a monkey on his back.Lets help him.A.He has a monkey B.He likes playing with the monky C.He is in trouble D.He is good at studying 19.Jenny cut herself.珍妮伤着自己了【解析】herself/h3:(r)self/pron.(she 的反身代词）她自己【解析】反身代词(1)反身代词的构成 一、二人称的反身代词 构成:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成 单数 myself yourself 复数 ourselves yourselves 第三人称的反身代词 构成:第三人称宾格+self/selves 单数：himself herself itself 复数：themselves(2)反身代词的常见搭配：enjoy oneself=have fun=have a good time 玩得高兴 teach oneself=learn by oneself 自学 by oneself=alone 独自 help oneself to 随便吃 introduce oneself to 自我介绍(3)反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。【温州 3】4.Ill have a tennis game tomorrow.Im a little bit nervous.Believe in _.Youre the best in our club.A.herself B.myself C.yourself D.himself【聊城 2】28.-Jim,please help _ to some bread.-Thank you.A.himself.B.yourself.C.herself .【广东八地市 4】27.Boys,dont lose_ in playing Angry Birds.It is bad for your eyes to play computer games for a long time.A.himself B.yourself C.themselves D.yourselves 20.Did you fall down 你跌倒了吗【解析】fall fell fallen v 落下；跌落 fall down 摔倒，（强调“滑倒，摔倒”，指失去平衡而摔倒，后接宾 语时，应加上介词 from She fell down from her bike fall off 指从某物上跌落下来。The girl fell off the bike.=The girl fell down from the b ike.fall into 落入 The leaf fell into the river.fall behind 落后 fall in love with sb.爱上某人 fall asleep 入睡 ()Its not easy for Linda to _ last night,because she was too excited.A.go to bed B.fall asleep C.fall into D.fall over【2013 湖北武汉】35.What does the instruction say The colors in the dress will _ if you use hot water.A.fall B.appear C.run D.shine