2021届中国教育学会青岛实验学校高三英语二模试题及参考答案.pdf

2021 届中国教育学会青岛实验学校高三英语二模试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isnt an either/or one,although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM(science,technology,engineering,maths)-related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training,but also insists that the study of the humanities and social sciences must remain central elements of Americas educational system at all levels.Both areas are the key to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society,become innovative leaders,and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs.Under these circumstances,its natural to look for what may appear to be the most“practical”way out of the problem;“major in a subject designed to get you a job”seems the obvious answer to some,though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as“soft”often,in fact,lead to employment and success in the long run.Indeed,according to surveys,employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well,think critically,research creatively,and communicate easily.Moreover,students should be prepared not just for their first job,but for their 4th and 5th jobs,as theres little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers.The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible.The ability to take advantage of every available tool and insightpicked up from science,arts,and technologyto solve the problems of the future,and seize the opportunities,will be helpful to them and the nation.1.What does the latest congressional report suggest?A.STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B.The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C.The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students spiritual life.D.Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.2.What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A.Their interest in relevant subjects.B.The academic value of the courses.C.The quality of education to receive.D.Their chances of getting a good job.3.What does the author say about the so called“soft”subjects?A.They benefit students in their future life.B.They broaden students range of interests.C.They just improve students communication skills.D.They are essential to students healthy growth.B A team of researchersfrom theUniversityofColorado Boulderhave created a revolutionary type of robotic muscles.They are strong and flexible at the same time,can feel the movements they perform and,whenever they suffer damage,they can self-heal.However,what is best about them is probably the fact that they are extremely cheap to manufacture.The robotic muscles have been called actuators,and have drawn inspiration from real-life muscles.By creating robots equipped with this kind of actuators,researchers would allowthem to perform movements just like human muscles.To make the robotic muscles work,they filled some flexible material with electrodes(电极)and with liquid and oil.Then,they applied some electricity,and the liquid and oil started moving around the electrodes and powered them.This way,the robotic muscles started contracting and relaxing just like real muscles,but a lot quicker.Researchers also took inspiration from the variety of human muscles,and created more types of actuators,each of them performing a different movement.They called these robotic muscles HASEL(Hydraulically-Amplified Self-healing Electrostatic).However,they are superior to biological muscles as they are stronger,faster,and more flexible.Even the researchers were amazed they could develop such technology.Eric Acome,the author of one of the studies,explained what is unique about the robotic muscles.“The ability to create electrically powered soft actuators that lift a gallon of water at several times per second is something we havent seen before.”These muscles are special because they are also self-healing.This property is given by the liquid placed inside of them,which also gives them a lot more advantages than those mechanisms(机械)using solids.In the end,the material which keeps the liquid,the oil and the electrodes is extremely cheap.It is a type of polymer(聚合物)similar to the one used for potato chips bags,and can be manufactures for only 10 cents.4.What can we learn about actuators?A.They can heal on their own.B.They are biological muscles.C.They can not move like human muscles.D.They are slower to react than real muscles.5.What do actuators use to directly power electrodes?A.Solids.B.Liquid and oil.C.A type of polymer.D.Potato chips bags.6.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A.The origin of actuators.B.The opinions on actuators.C.The advantages of actuators.D.The significance of actuators.7.In which part of a newspaper will the textmost probably appear?A.Health.B.Culture.C.Education.D.Technology.C What a day!I started at my new school this morning and had the best time.I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers.I was nervous the night before,but I had no reason to be.Everyone was so friendly and polite.They made me feel at ease.It was like Id been at the school for a hundred years!The day started very early at 7:00 am.I had my breakfast downstairs with my mom.She could tell that I was very nervous.Mom kept asking me what was wrong.She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me.If they didnt love me,Mom said to send them her way for a good talking to.I couldnt stop laughing.My mom dropped me off at the school gates about five minutes before the bell.A little blonde girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving at me.She ran over and told me her name was Abigail.She was very nice and we became close straight away.We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey.The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together!It went so quickly.Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills.I cannot wait until tomorrow and feel as though I am really going to enjoy my time at my new school.I only hope that my new friends feel the same way too.8.How did the author feel the night before her new school?A.Tired.B.Confident C.Worried.D.homesick 9.What did the author think of her mothers advice?A.Clear.B.Funny.C.Optional D.Respectable 10.What happened on the authors first day of school?A.She met many nice people.B.She had a hurried breakfast.C.She learned tome new skills.D.She arrived at school very early.11.What can we infer about Abigail?A.She disliked Stacey.B.She was shy and quiet.C.She got on well with the author.D.She was an old friend of the author.D The race skywards began inAmerica.In the late1800s,industrialization had driven urban populations and land prices up,making tall buildings increasingly cost-effective,according to Carol Willis,director of theSkyscraperMuseuminNew York,“The very first tall buildings were office buildings that concentrated a work force,piled one on top of the other in order to make business very efficient,”she says.Like all major changes in architecture,the trend wasunderpinnedby engineering.The development of steel framework,which could be used instead of load-bearing stones,made it easier and cheaper to build tall.The coming of the elevator,meanwhile,made living on higher floors far more convenient.Though similar in shape,todays skyscrapers(摩天大楼)look little like those built in the first half of the 20thcentury.This is mostly thanks to architectures next major technological shift：the curtain wall.Postwar developments in manufacturing meant that huge panes of glass could be produced quickly and uniformly,and glass windows soon became the front of choice for high-rises.As well as allowing for greater floor space and more natural light,glass exteriors(外部)help.buildings resist greater windloads.There are now 191 completed skyscrapers that are at least 300 meters tall.But that doesnt mean our cities will grow taller indefinitely.While each additional story adds sellable floor space,construction costs also rise.All buildings reach a point where adding an extra floor will cost more money than it brings.“Every city wants to have this landmark that gives that sense of distinct culture,”but it also needs places for people to live and work in urban settings“without the city sprawling(无序扩张),”explains Hong Kong architect Simon Chan.The next big challenge facing architects goes beyond height：At a time when buildings and their construction account for more than a third of the worlds energy consumption and contribute about 40%of greenhouse gas emissions(排放),there are new costs to consider.Whether its employing more energy-efficient materials,encouraging natural air or using buildings themselves to generate solar or wind energy,reducing carbon emissions is the new frontier for many skyscraper architects.12.What does the underlined word“underpinned”in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Created.B.Prepared.C.Suggested.D.Supported.13.What made living on higher floors much more convenient?A.The development of steel framework.B.Load-bearing stones.C.The use of the elevator.D.The curtain wall.14.What can we know from paragraph 5?A.Our cities will grow taller definitely.B.All skyscrapers are at least 300 meters tall.C.Construction cost rises as the stories increase.D.The profit for builders will be greater as the building becomes higher.15.Whats the next big challenge facing architects?A.How to build the greenest building.B.How to build the strongest building.C.How to build the tallest building in the world.D.How to build the most comfortable building.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 All parents know that young children are always energetic,eager to run,jumpand play.Turning that natural energy into competitive sports can help keep kids active and healthy as they grow.Competitive sports such as soccer，track，basketball and swimming can also help kids learn important life lessons about teamwork and fair play._16_.Learning How to Compete Joining in sports teaches children and teenagers how to compete in the real world.As they grow older,theyll face competition in school,in the workforce and other areas of life.But these competitions dont have to be negative（负面的）or unhealthy._17_.Understanding the Value of Exercise _18_ .In addition，many children who are active in sports are encouraged to eat healthier foods，such as fruits and vegetables.Improving Self-respect Improved self-respect is another benefit of competitive youth sports._19_.Even when he doesnt win,he can learn a valuable lesson:that you cant win every time.Losing with his team can also increase self-esteem,as he learns to hold his head high and feel proud for trying his best._20_ Youth sports can help stop negative behavior,such as joining a gang（帮派）,because competitive sports provide a way of expressing their energy,friendship and controlled attacking behaviour.Teens who have positive influences and friends feel less of a need to join in risky behaviors.A.Reducing Risky Behavior B.Developing Character Values C.Here are the benefits of competitive sports for youth D.If you try your hardest,you have a better chance to succeed E.When a child wins a game with his team,he feels recognized F.Taking part in competitive youth sports burns calories and helps to keep slim G.Playing sports can help kids understand how competition works in a friendly environment 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 At stations inLondongoes a tradition that warm and inspirational words are written on White Boards for emotional support.Its been 14 years since customer services manager Anthony Gentles was inspired to_21_the“blank faces”of commuters(往返上班者)with a daily dose(剂量)of_22_from his favorite book,Tao Te Ching,the key text in the ancient Chinese philosophical tradition of Taoism.This_23_of writing a meaningful sentence on the board is named Thought of the Day.At the beginning of2018,on the board is“A journey of a thousand must begin with a single_24_.”“If its_25_for me,perhaps when passengers see it,it will allow them to_26_for a moment and could distract them from whatever was_27_their mind.”Mr.Gentles said.Offering up pearls of wisdom fromChinawas his way of_28_to make people feel more_29_as they used the underground.Mr.Gentles_30_how one man wandered about on the platform for 20 minutes before heading back to the atrium(中厅)to pronounce that hed_31_“what the thought was_32_to me.”In the year 2007,Gentles_33_the job over to his colleague Glen Sutherland and ever since then Mr.Sutherland has written over 3,000 sentences on the_34_.He has taught himself calligraphy so as to_35_clear handwriting on it.Thought of the Day at Oval station of theLondonsubway has won world-wide attention and Sutherland_36_a story on the Twitter account of the station.Mr.Sutherland_37_a quote by Mirtha Legrand,a famous actress and television presenter in the South American country at the request of an Argentine family.But he hadnt_38_it was spoken highly of by the presenter in her program.He told BBC.“If its helping people,and giving people_39_feelings,then its good.But Im really_40_about 20,000 followers on Twitter for Thought of the Day I cant get my head around it.”21.A.turn down B.drive away C.light up D.bring about 22.A.comfort B.optimism C.happiness D.wisdom 23.A.practice B.skill C.hobby D.behavior 24.A.experience B.action C.step D.thought 25.A.comfortable B.inspirational C.ambiguous D.relevant 26.A.stand B.wonder C.stop D.relax 27.A.passing by B.going through C.getting across D.running for 28.A.trying B.asking C.requiring D.desiring 29.A.guilty B.enthusiastic C.anxious D.welcome 30.A.recalls B.understands C.explains D.analyses 31.A.taken in B.made up C.worked out D.kept off 32.A.saying B.emphasizing C.exhibiting D.promising 33.A.took B.passed C.brought D.sent 34.A.train B.post C.board D.wall 35.A.admire B.appreciate C.imitate D.provide 36.A.invented B.downloaded C.updated D.shared 37.A.showed off B.put up C.gaveup D.turned down 38.A.expected B.believed C.doubted D.declared 39.A.disturbing B.amusing C.awkward D.pleasant 40.A.certain B.confused C.concerned D.skeptical 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满