2021年萍乡市安源镇中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及参考答案.pdf

2021 年萍乡市安源镇中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Britains brilliant bridges have aided trade and brought communities together and are always the most exciting part of the journey.These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.Clifton Suspension Bridge,Bristol Described byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as“my first love,my darling”,in was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic.Now,more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-Jong toll(收费)bridge over the Avon Gorge.The l toll for every journey pays for its repair.The history of the bridge,dating back to 1864,is kept alive through a programme of tours,events and exhibitions.Infinity Bridge,Stockton-On-Tees A pedestrian and cycle footbridge across the River Tees,its working title was the North Shore Footbridge,before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009.It is particularly spectacular(壮观)at night.The arches of the bridge are also lit white and,on calm nights,their reflection in the water appears as an infinity symbol,thereby inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.Tower Bridge,London An engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Cornish granite,Portland stone and steel,it took construction workers eight years to complete.More than 120 years old,its a popular tourist attraction,as well as a functional bridge.Visitors can take in the views over the capital and experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor.Iron Bridge,Shropshire Opened in 1781,this is the first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron.Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution,it transformed the cart of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.1.Which bridge has the longest history?A.Clifton Suspension Bridge.B.Infinity Bridge.C.Tower Bridge.D.Iron Bridge.2.What can we know about Infinity Bridge?A.People can just walk on it.B.The public give it two names.C.Its well worth visiting at night.D.Its arch is the biggest on the earth.3.What do Clifton Suspension Bridge and Tower Bridge have in common?A.They are both over 120 years old.B.Visitors should pay for passing them.C.They have the same original design.D.Visitors can have a good view of London on them.B The worlds largest iceberg is floating toward South Georgia in the southernAtlantic Ocean.Scientists fear the iceberg could crash into the island and block major feeding areas for a large population of penguins and seals.If the iceberg hits the island,it could prevent the penguins and seals from reaching food supplies.The huge iceberg is named A68a.It broke away fromAntarcticas Larsen C Ice Shelf in 2017.Satellite images show the iceberg has remained in one piece.It is estimated to be about 150 kilometers long and 48 kilometers wide.It is traveling at one kilometer per hour and is on a path to hitSouth Georgiain around 30 days.This is the time of year when seals and penguins spend a lot of time caring for their young.The distance that parents have to travel to find food is crucial.That means they have to go a lot further or go around the iceberg to find sources of food.Ecologists say an iceberg crash would also disturb materials settled on the seabed,possibly polluting the surrounding seas.As the iceberg melts,it would also release large amounts of fresh water into the ocean.This could affect krill（磷虾）populations that are a major source of food for the islands wildlife.The iceberg could remain for up to 10 years and change the areas whole ecosystem.These are globally significant populations of these species.If these species fail in this particular area,then the numbers globally are going to go down quite dramatically.Professor Geraint Tarling,an ecologist at the British Antarctic Survey,said,The breaking off of icebergs fromAntarcticais a natural process.But the process is changing with climate change.What were seeing with models and some observations now is that this is happening at an increasing rate.And so,this might become more of a usual thing in the future.4.Why are the scientists worried about the coming iceberg crash?A.It will bring extremely cold weather.B.It will destroy the feeding areas of the animals.C.It will put wildlife on the island at risk of starving.D.It will prevent animals from moving to other places.5.What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A.The characteristic of the iceberg.B.The importance of the iceberg.C.The traveling speed of the iceberg.D.The forming process of the iceberg.6.What damage can an iceberg crash bring according to paragraph 4?A.Using up much fresh water.B.Polluting the surrounding farms.C.Changing the worlds ecosystem.D.Affecting the number of certain species.7.How does Tarling think of the breaking off of icebergs fromAntarctica?A.It may slow down in the near future.B.It may become common in the future.C.It has a great influence on the climate.D.It helps scientists conduct a sea study.C Nowadays organic food hasbecome a fashion.Organic food sales reached a record of$45.2 billion in 2017,making it one of the fastest-growing parts of American agriculture.Some people may buy organic food for these reasons like resource cycling and biodiversity,but most people may choose organic food because they think its healthier.While a small number of studies have shown relationships between eating organic food and reducing risks of being ill,no studies,up to now,have answered the question whether eating organic food can improve health.According to the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA),organic food does not suggest anything about health.In 20155 Miles McEvoy,then chief of the National Organic Program for the USDA,refused to admit any health benefits of organic food,saying the question has nothing to do with the National Organic Program.Instead,the USDA thinks that organic refers to a production method that increases cycling of resources keeps ecological balance,and protects biodiversity.Im an environmental health scientist who has spent over 20 years studying pesticides that do harm to human beings.Several years ago,I was part of the study on whether an organic diet can reduce pesticide exposure.This study focused on a group of pesticides which have always been harmful to childrens brain development.We found that children who ate traditional diets had nine times higher exposure to these pesticides than children who ate organic diets.Last month,I published a small study that suggested a path forward to answering the question whether eating organic food actually improves health.My study got a lot of attention.While the results were novel,they didnt answer the big question.As I toldThe New York Timesin 2003,“What does this really mean for the safety of my kids?But we dont know.Nobody does.It was true then,and its still true now.”8.Why do most people prefer to buy organic food?A.For its health benefits.B.For biodiversity.C.For its delicious taste.D.For resource cycling.9.What does the USDA suggest about organic food?A.It can improve peoples health.B.It is produced in an environment-friendly way.C.It can reduce risks of being ill.D.It has nothing to do with the National Organic Program.10.What can be concluded from the authors study?A.Pesticides dont harm childrens brain.B.Traditional diets benefit peoples health.C.Organic diets can reduce pesticide exposure.D.The results are meaningful to childrens safety.11.What is the best title for the text?A.What Is Organic Food?B.Is Organic Food Healthier?C.How Should We Avoid Pesticides?D.What Are the Benefits of Organic Food?D In a recent survey of 2000 Americans,housecleaning was shown to have some mood-boosting effects but that doesnt mean everybody is willing to do it.The majority of respondents(受访者)said cleaning gave them a sense of accomplishment(65%)and helped them clear their mind(63%).Half of these adults said they are most often motivated to clean when theyre happy.In fact,63%of those surveyed find the experience of cleaning to be relaxing-even more so than getting fresh air(61%).But thats not the only reason people clean.A big 70%admitted that tidying their home was a way of putting off having to do other things,with the average procrastinator(拖延者)using that trick four times a week.The survey showed that 86%of respondents do feel on top of their housework,but the last deep clean of their kitchen happened over a week and a half ago.Thats no surprise because the kitchen is most terrible of all.Conducted by OnePoll on behalf of DishFish,the survey investigated peoples attitudes toward dirty dishes and how they get through tricky task.More than two-thirds of people(69%)let their dishes pile up between washings with 20%saying“always”letting them be placed in the sink,which left them feeling stressed.More than any other room,the kitchen was rated as“very difficult”to cope with.And most people enjoy cleaning their toilet or taking out the garbage more than washing dishes by hand.How do they get through it?66%listen to music while they clean.72%have a best-loved song that they sounded while tidying up their home,with“Uptown Funk,”“Read All About It”and“Work”being the three favorite tunes on Americas cleaning playlist.12.What is the result of the survey?A.Housecleaning may contribute to a good mood to some extent.B.Housecleaning may strengthen peoples willingness to volunteer.C.Housecleaning may cause anxiety and concern for some people.D.Housecleaning may improve peoples motivation to other housework.13.What is the top reason why people undertake housecleaning?A.They can entertain themselves.B.They can take in fresh air.C.They get a sense of achievement.D.They can delay other things.14.What are respondents attitudes to dirty dishes?A.Many would rather wash dishes than throw out the rubbish.B.Half are under pressure with dirty dishes lying in the sink.C.A quarter will let dirty dishes pile up after their meals.D.Most prefer cleaning their toiletto washing dishes by hand.15.What column does the text belong to?A.Feature Story.B.Family Life.C.Scientific Hotspot.D.Finance Focus.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 There is no such thing as a“bad memory”._16_,as long as you are not suffering from memory loss as a medical condition.If you want to improve your memory,there are a number of things you can do.Stop thinking that youhave a“bad memory”._17_.Too many people get stuck here and convince themselves their memory is bad.Erase those thoughts and vow to improve your memory.Celebrate even little achievements to keep yourself motivated.Exercise your brain.Regularly“exercising”the brain keeps it growing and help improve memory._18_.By developing new mental skills-especially complex ones such as learning a new language or learning to play a new musical instrument,you can keep your brain active and improve its physiological functioning.Give yourself time to form a memory.Memories are very fragile in the short term,and distractions can make you quickly forget something as simple as a phone number.The key to avoid losing memories is to be able to focus on the thing to be remembered for a while without thinking about other things._19_._20_.Often we forget things not because our memory is bad,but rather because our observational skills need work.One way to become more observant is to look at a photo for a few seconds and then describe as many details about it as possible.With regular practice you will find youre able to remember more details with even shorter glimpses of the photos.A.Practice your describing skills regularly B.So when youre trying to remember something,avoid distractions for a few minutes C.Take better pictures D.Everyone can improve their memory E A large portion(部分)of your brain is activated when it learns a new skill F.So the more time you spend,the better your memory will be G.Convince yourself that you do have a good memory that will improve 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I still remember the elderly lady my friend and I went out to help one evening many years ago.One day,after we_21_our work and left the office,we felt a little bit_22_.So we stopped at a hamburger shop and_23_some hamburgers and drinks for supper.It was Sunday and there were only a few people.We watched around and found an empty table_24_.Shortly after we sat down and enjoyed our food,we noticed a(n)_25_woman came in and bought some food too.She was dressed in what was probably her best clothes that were_26_and neat(整齐).The woman_27_the plates and cups very carefully on the table,as if she was serving the most important dinner in the world.We could tell that this ordinary meal was a real_28_for her.My friend often had dinner in the shop and he was_29_the people who worked there.He was curious about the_30_and went to the people working there.He_31_them.He was told that she came in every_32_,bought the same cheap meal and always ate alone.We_33_that she lived alone and that this meal was the best food she could afford to buy for herself once a week.We felt very_34_.Even though we never_35_to her,we decided to do something for her.When we paid our_36_,we also paid hersand then_37_enough money to pay her meals at the shop for a month.The workers were really_38_.After all,she was just a_39_to us.We didnt want the elderly lady to know what we did,_40_we just left.21.A.started B.finished C.changed D.lost 22.A.angry B.sick C.hungry D.tired 23.A.added B.sold C.ordered D.made 24.A.finally B.gradually C.easily D.carefully 25.A.old B.young C.rich D.kind 26.A.ugly B.dirty C.expensive D.clean 27.A.held B.washed C.broke D.set 28.A.treat B.preparation C.story D.turn 29.A.satisfied with B.familiar with C.concerned about D.worried about 30.A.woman B.news C.food D.party 31.A.thanked B.ignored C.paid D.asked 32.A.day B.week C.month D.year 33.A.realized B.answered C.dreamed D.meant 34.A.weak B.lucky C.happy D.sad 35.A.ran B.spoke C.wrote D.sent 36.A.hamburger B.work C.bill D.drink 37.A.left B.earned C.saved D.found 38.A.surprised B.grateful C.upset D.excited 39.A.friend B.stranger C.colleague D.cook 40.A.before B.until C.but D.so 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Seated on cliffs above a river,Hongyadong is a house complex in traditional style in the city ofChongqing.Its bars,restaurants and golden lights_41._(be)a popular draw since it was built in 2006.The main reason,it seemed,was Hongyadongs sudden_42._(popular)on an App,Douyin,_43._is used for sharing photographs and 15-second videos.By the end of the year the waiting time_44._(get)in was three hours.For a while Hongyadong became the_45._(big)attraction inChinaafter theForbidden City,says_46._well-known travel website.Instead of having fun,some people now flood to remote strawberry farms or bays to take photos to impress their friends on media.Douyin has 230 million monthly active users and its fans_47._(co