2021年莆田第四中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案.pdf

2021 年莆田第四中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Our Teen Summer Spanish Program is two weeks of fun,educational excitement that helps students learn Spanish fast.Our Spanish summer program allows our students to learn from highly trained,certified teachers and be absorbed in the language and theculture of Costa Rica.Features include:*Intensive(强化的)daily Spanish classes*Extracurricular classes in dance,cooking,music,and handiwork*Outdoor activities including hiking,camping,rafting,and ziplining(高空滑索)*Homestay with a local Costa Rican family*Volunteer work in needy neighborhoods Our Teaching Methods:We are proud to use TPRS-Total Physical Response Storytelling-in our curriculum.This innovative method uses strange and amusing stories to teach new vocabulary,increase fluency,and get students involved by giving them the opportunity to alter the details themselves.Because of the silliness,creativity,and repetition involved,TPRS allows students to learn easily and remember information effortlessly Memorizing vocabulary and listening to lectures on grammar are slow,inefficient ways to learn a new language.The best way to truly learn and commit new material to memory is through conversation.In our Spanish classes,students can expect to speak up to 80%of each class.By speaking in the new language freely and consistently,students can see progress faster because they are using the new grammar and vocabulary that they have learned at the same time.This helps the brain remember the new words and grammar structures for future use,making it much easier to progress.1.What does the program do?A.It offers weekly Spanish classes B.It focuses more on outdoor activities C.It gives teachers a chance to receive training D.It provides activities about the Spanish culture 2.What is the best way to learn a language according to the text?A.Memorizing a larger vocabulary B.Speaking more in the new language.C.Mastering more grammar structures D.Writing stories to share with others 3.What is the purpose of the text?A.To employexperienced Spanish teacher B.To hire foreign volunteers for a program C.To attract teen foreigners to a program D.To introduce language learning methods B Scientists often compare coral reefs(珊瑚礁)to underwater rainforests,yet unlike the leafy plant base of a forest,corals are animals.The soft creatures are naturally half-transparent and get their brilliant color1 from algae(藻类)living inside them.When corals experience stress from hot temperatures or pollution,theyhaltthe interdependent relationship with algae,typically pushing them out and turning white.Corals are still alive when they are white,but theyre at risk and many eventually die,turning dark brown.Scientists around the world are looking for means to protect and maybe increase corals.One common option is to create more protected areas essentially national parks in the ocean.Beyond nature preserves,some conservationists are looking to more hands-on methods.One research center in the Florida Keys is exploring a form of natural selection to keep corals remaining.The reef system in the Keys has been hit hard by climate change and pollution,which is especially tough,because corals there help support fisheries worth$100 million every year.To keep the wild ecosystem alive,Erinn Muller,the centers director,and her team are harvesting samples of the corals that survived the environmental stress naturally,keeping them to make them reproduce,and then reattaching them to the reef.They have 46,000 corals on plastic frames under the sea.So far,the center has regrown over 70,000 corals from five different species on damaged reefs.In The Bahamas,Ross Cunning,a research biologist at Chicagos Shedd Aquarium,focuses on corals with genes that could make them natural candidates for restoration projects.He published a study of two Bahamian reefs,one that survived an extreme 2015 heat wave,and one that didnt.We think their ability to deal with these higher temperatures is built into their genes,says Cunning.Theres evidence of corals evolving more quickly to resist rapidly warming climate.The big question scientists need investigate,adds Gunning,is how much more heat corals can adapt to.4.What does the underlined word halt in the first paragraph mean?A.End.B.Develop.C.Strengthen.D.Weaken.5.What do Muller and her team do to save corals?A.Restore the damaged reefs.B.Grow corals by hand underwater.C.Create more protected areas.D.Move corals to unpolluted areas.6.What do Gunnings words suggest?A.Many corals have been genetically improved.B.Cooling down the waters is key to rescuing corals.C.Reasons for corals surviving heat waves are shocking.D.The highest temperature corals can survive is unclear.7.Which can be a suitable title for the text?A.Relationship between corals and algae B.Efforts made to save corals C.Impact of climate warming on corals D.Survival crisis faced by coral reefs C Cycling has long been a sport where a competitive edge is pursued,often at any cost.Cycling shorts,however,were an area that technology had yet to enter.Little was added to them apart from,perhaps,some padding to protect a rider.Now,however,new cycling shorts are being equipped with sensors to help riders defeat opponents easily.A British start-up has created a pair of shorts that uses electric sensors and artificial intelligence to shape and strengthen cyclists muscles while they are moving.It plans to also adapt this product next year for joggers and people at the gym.The shorts,created by Devon Lewis,a PhD student at theUniversityofSouthampton,are able to send out tiny electric currents into a users muscles to improve their cycling technique.Mr Lewis,27,came up with the idea after studying a connection between the brain and muscles that sends chemical signals from motor neurons to muscle fibres to make the muscle contract and strengthen.The shorts,created by Mr Lewiss start-up bypass this connection using electric cur rents to build muscle strength directly,without relying on the brain to send out signals.“We have a limited ability to control our muscles naturally,”Mr Lewis said.“You can control them more exactly,get more from your muscles and contract them more strongly,if you stimulate them directly with electricity.”Electric wires in the shorts send out currents that activate the muscle.“For those worried about getting a shock while cycling,”Mr Lewis said,“Its sort of the same thing as when you have spicy food and you get that little rush.It feels strange when you first start using it but then you adapt to it quite quickly.”His idea has received support from Future Worlds,a start-up accelerator atSouthamptonUniversity.The product is being shown next week at the technology conference CES,held digitally this year.8.Whats the strength of the newly invented cycling shorts?A.They help cyclists perform better.B.They last longer than normal ones.C.They can keep a balanced comfort.D.They have tools to make good figures.9.Why can the cycling shorts help the runners and joggers?A.They are made of quality cotton materials.B.They are created by world-top designers.C.They can make running or jogging less boring.D.They are made intelligently with electric sensors.10.What may be some peoples worry about the shorts?A.They may spend more than they can afford.B.They get little help from the new shorts.C.They may get shocked by the electricity.D.The new shorts cant function well enough.11.Whats the best title of the text?A.The Special CyclingShorts B.Waysto Be a Good Runner C.How Shorts Benefit You D.Some Tips about Running Fast D A new study has discovered that meditation(冥想)and oxygen sport together reduce depression.The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination,done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,”said lead author Dr.Brandon Alderman.“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combatingdepression.Alderman and Dr.Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training(MAP)enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing,enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.Shors,who studies the productionof new brain cells in the hippocampuspart of the brain involved in memory and learningsays scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.The idea for the human intervention(干预)came fromher laboratory studies,she says,with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and exercise,people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past,Shors says.“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.”said Alderman.“The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”12.What made the research so different?A.Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B.Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.C.Treating depression with special medicine.D.Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.13.The underlined word“combating”in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by _.A.fighting B.identifying C.distinguishing D.examining 14.What did the participants do in the research?A.They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B.They thought quietly and then took exercise.C.They took exercise longer than they thought.D.They took exercise while thinking quietly.15.What is Shors main purpose of her studies?A.To find out certain brain cells of humans.B.To study the production of new brain cells.C.To offer people a new method to treat stress.D.To decide the links between stress and exercise.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 There are now lots of products and services on the market._16_It is vital,therefore,for a company to distinguish itself from its competitors by having a strong company image which is immediately recognizable.Logos are part of this image._17_The logo establishes a visual identity for the company,just as different groups of young people express their identity through hairstyles and clothes.All groups from all cultures and throughout the ages have used color1 s and symbols to show their identity._18_Some color1 s may be connected with coldness in one culture and with warmth in another.Some color1 s represent life in one culture but death in another.International companies have,therefore.to make sure that their logos will not be misunderstood in different countries.The logos of large international companies are instantly recognizable throughout the world.One of the most famous logos is that of Coca-Cola.The design of the wordsCoca-Colahas not changed since 1886,although the surrounding design has been changed from time to time.Many companies have over the years,renewed their logos._19_ Logos are used on packaging and brochures as well as on the product itself.They may also appear in newspapers or on television as part of an advertising campaign._20_The logo helps to promote this image and to fix it in the minds of the customers.Logos,therefore,need to be original and to have impact and style.A.Companies need to have a strong corporate identity.B.In different cultures,different color1 s carry different meanings.C.Colors and symbols,different in meanings,help identify a company.D.Many of them are similar in content though produced by different companies.E.They are symbols which often include a name or initials to identify a company.F.So,they can better fit in with contemporary design and present more powerful images.G.In this way,they are easier to be distinguished from those of the competing companies.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 My family and I belonged to(属于)a country club lying across the street from the Long Island Sound.Each summer,the big_21_for us was the pool.I learned how to swim and_22_the swimming team but was never really a good swimmer._23_,swimming in my younger days was a way to keep_24_,and swimming on a team gave me a sense of belonging.For the next 30 years,most of our summer days were spent around that pool.In 1973,I was married and had a_25_.What made our little home even more_26_was when I discovered that four_27_away was Rath Park Pool!Each of my five kids_28_swimming lessons and learned all the different swimming styles.They later joined the swim team,competed in_29_and won prizes.My daughter even became a_30_at the town pool.Though Id have liked to have life stand_31_,it doesnt.My children lost interest in swimming and continued their life.But the pool was still four blocks from my home,so I began to_32_swimming again.I got so much out of it that I joined the local pool_33_I could swim year-round.Whenever I swam,I would always come out feeling_34_.And sitting at the bottom of the pool,I could also see through all of the_35_and problems Ive had in life!What has swimming taught me?Ive learned that_36_is the key to being a good swimmer.If you are balanced in the_37_you have no resistance(阻力).Working on staying balanced made me_38_the similarities between life in and out of the pool.If you_39_keeping yourself balanced,you will be able to swim right through the stress and problems that life_40_at you!21.A.attraction B.reserve C.destination D.achievement 22.A.led B.formed C.coached D.joined 23.A.Therefore B.However C.Instead D.Besides 24.A.wise B.outgoing C.cool D.confident 25.A.house B.car C.dream D.home 26.A.alarming B.wonderful C.popular D.familiar 27.A.blocks B.miles C.steps D.kilometers 28.A.took B.expected C.provided D.taught 29.A.teams B.meetings C.clubs D.matches 30.A.gatekeeper B.bodyguard C.lifesaver D.doctor 31.A.quiet B.silent C.still D.calm 32.A.give up B.apply for C.take up D.adapt to 33.A.while B.though C.but D.so 34.A.tired B.relaxed C.stressed D.addicted 35.A.differences B.worries C.joy D.excitement 36.A.balance B.strength C.effort D.honesty 37.A.team B.water C.competition D.trip 38.A.describe B.study C.show D.realize 39.A.refer to B.relate to C.work on D.work out 40.A.throws B.fires C.points D.looks 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，