2021届上海虹口高级中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析.pdf

2021 届上海虹口高级中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A NAME:John FAVORITE SPORT:Basketball FAVORITE SNACK:Pizza HOBBY:Photography PET:Beagle named Max FUNNIEST MOMENT:“On Maxs birthday,we sang the Happy Birthday song to him and he got a big treat.A month later,my family sang Happy Birthday to me.Max got so excited because he remembered the song.He whined(嘀咕)when he didnt get a treat,so we gave him one.”NAME:Sarah FAVORITE SPORT:Track and field FAVORITE SNACK:Granola HOBBY:Guitar PET:Cat named Lulu FUNNIEST MOMENT:“One day in my kindergarten,I opened my snack bag and found a tennis ball and a sock!My little brother had played his first practical joke.Thanks,Bryan!”NAME:Paul FAVORITE SPORT:Baseball FAVORITE SNACK:Apple with peanut butter HOBBY:Making comics PET:Tropical fish FUNIEST MOMENT:“In a school play,I was supposed to say the line Stop right there,cowboy!Devin was playing the cowboy,and 1 said,Stop right there,Devin!It was supposed to be a serious part of the play,but Devin cracked up.Then everybody else laughed,too,including me.”NAME:Scott FAVORITE SPORT:Soccer FAVORITE SNACK:Bananas HOBBY:Drawing dinosaurs PET:Hermit crab named Hermie FUNNIEST MOMENT:“One night,we were camping in a state park.I heard a loud thumping(砰砰作响)outside the tent.I was sure that it was a bear!I used my flashlight to look around the campsite(野营地)and saw a little toad hopping away,going thump,thump,thump!”1.Whom will you get in touch with if you also like taking photos?A.Scott.B.Sarah.C.John.D.Paul.2.Where did Sarah find the tennis ball and the sock?A.At her friends birthday party.B.In her kindergarten.C.In her school.D.In a state park.3.Outside the tent,what thumped that night?A.A bear.B.A cat.C.A fish.D.A toad.B For years video games have been criticised for making people more antisocial,overweight or depressed.Bui now researchers are finding that video games can actually change us for the better and improve both our body and mind.Games can help to develop physical skills.Pre-school children who played interactive games have been shown to have improved motor skills,for example they can kick,catch and throw a ball better than children who dont play video games.A study found that those who played video games were 27 percent faster and made 37 percent fewer errors than those who didnt.Games also benefit a variety of brain functions,including decision-making.People who play action-based games make decisions 25 percent faster than others,according to one study.It was also found that the best gamers can make choices and act on them up to six times a second,four times faster than most people.In another study by researchers from the University of Rochester in New York,experienced gamers were shown to be able to pay attention to more than six things at once without getting confused,compared with the four that most people can normally keep in mind.There is also evidence that gaming can help with psychological problems.At the University of Auckland in New Zealand,researchers asked 94 young people diagnosed with depression to play a 3D fantasy game called SPARX and in many cases,the game reduced symptoms of depression more than conventional treatment.4.In what way playing video games benefits very young children?A.Muscle control.B.Social interaction.C.Decision-making.D.The ability to focus.5.Which type of video game improves the decision-making speed?A.Interactive games.B.Action-based games.C.3D fantasy games.D.Violent games.6.What is the authors attitude to video games?A.Indifferent.B.Objective.C.Worried.D.Critical.7.What is the text mainly about?A.The effects of different types of video games.B.The negative effects of playing video games.C.The beneficial effects of playing video games.D.The effects of games on peoples behavior.C Last year,138,000San Franciscoresidents used Airbnb,a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers.Its a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000,and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections,asSan Franciscovoters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.The company fiercely opposed the measure,Proposition F,with a nearly$10 million advertising campaign.It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app.The service works for one-night stays on road trips and longer stays in cities,and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels.Its a textbook example of the“sharing economy”,but not everyone is a fan.The app has had unintended consequences inSan Francisco.As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year,a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the companys image:middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet.Some users have taken advantage of the service,using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals.Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional,better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.“The fact is,widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,”said ShareBetter SF,a group that supported Proposition F.Hotel unions have protested the companys practices inSan Franciscoand other cities,saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.San Franciscois in the middle of a long-term,deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode.Actually,explode is a generous term.The average monthly rent for an apartment is around$4,000.Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay,San Franciscosimply doesnt have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young,high-salaried tech employees flocking toSilicon Valley.As the Los Angeles Times reported,someSan Franciscoresidents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation.Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper,and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the citys existing problems.8.The intention of Proposition F is to _.A.place time limits in local election.B.set limits on short-term rental.C.strike down a controversial rule.D.urge users to vote against Airbnb.9.What is the negative consequence of Airbnb onSan Francisco?A.It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.B.Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.C.It makes the house market more competitive.D.It indirectly leads to high house rental price.10.The housing crisis inSan Franciscoresults from _.A.explosion of the living cost B.its geographic characteristics C.generosity of local enterprises D.inflow of migrant population 11.Theauthors attitude toward Proposition F is _.A.objective B.supportive C.negative D.indifferent D In Australia,plenty of wild things can bite or sting(刺伤)you.Strangely enough,one of them is a tree.Now scientists have figured out what makes the trees sting so bad.The rainforests of eastern Australia are home to a stinging tree known as Dendrocnide.Many people callit the gympie-gympie treea name given to the tree by native Australians.Its covered with sharp,needle-like hairs that carry poison.If you touch a gympie-gympie tree,you wont forget it anytime soon.The pain can stay with you for hours,days or weeks.In some cases,its been reported to stay for months.Scientists have long looked for the source of this powerful sting.Now researchers at the University of Queensland have discovered what makes this stinging plant so painful.After carefully studying different kinds of gympie-gympie trees,the scientists were able to separate out different chemicals that the trees produce.This allowed them to identify a group of chemicals that they believed was responsible for the pain.The researchers created artificial versions of these chemicals,which they call“gympietides”.Sure enough,when the scientists injected mice with gympietides,the mice licked(舔)at the places where theyd been injected,indicating that they hurt in those places.When the scientists studied the way gympietides were built,they found that they formed a knot-like shape.The shape makes the chemicals very stable,which helps explain why the pain stays so long.The knot-like shape of the gympietides was similar to the shape of poisons produced by poisonous spiders and cone snails.The scientists were surprised to see three very different kinds of life all using similar poisons.Spiders and cone snails carry poisons because they catch food by stinging other creatures.Its not clear how stinging helps the gympie-gympie tree.Though the trees sting may stop some animals from eating it,it doesnt stop all animals.Beetles and pademelons(small s of the kangaroo)are able to eat the plant without trouble.12.Why is a touch on the stinging tree unforgettable?A.Because it has so unusual an appearance.B.Because it is extremely rare in existence.C.Because touching it creates a quite strange feeling.D.Because the pain caused by it doesnt go away quickly.13.What do scientists fail to find out about the stinging tree?A.How it produces poisons.B.What poisons it produces.C.How it benefits from the sting.D.The consequences of its sting.14.What does the text imply about the stinging tree?A.It produces the same poisons as spiders.B.Poisonous as it is,it also has natural enemies.C.Animals are wise enough to stay away from it.D.Only one chemical in it causes pain to the toucher.15.Whats the best title for the text?A.Scientists Discover Stinging Trees Secret B.Caution:Stinging Tree Can Bite and Poison You C.Scientists Discover a Strange Species in Australia D.Effective Ways to Avoid Being Hurt by Stinging Tree 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Dont think its an impossible task to pass your reading tests.Lots of people have shared their successful reading secrets here._16_ Read a passagetwice before looking up an unknown word.If youre reading to gain new vocabulary,you should treat it as a“fill in the blanks”exercise.At first,youll have to read every paragraph twice._17_The second time you read it,focus on the words you dont know.Try and work out what each word means from the sentences before and after.If you had to guess the meaning,what would it be?_18_ Whenever you are reading in English and learn a new word,dont let it slip away!Write it down with a short definition(定义)or a little drawing.Some students like to keep a specific notebook for this-their own personal dictionaries!Several studies have shown that writing a piece of information down on paper helps you to remember it more easily.Read out loud.If youre going to put time in your reading skills,you may as well get some extra practice for your speaking skills too!_19_Its a great way to get used to speaking English too.Divide your time into skim reading and deep reading.You should spend some of your reading time“skim-reading texts”.This way,you learn how to get a general sense of whats going on without understanding every single word._20_This is when you really focus on understanding everything thats going on.A.Write down new words.B.Try reading some passages out loud to yourself.C.Its normal to forget how to read words correctly.D.Reading resources should be a little hard for you to skim.E.You should spend the rest of your reading time“deep reading texts”.F.Follow these tips to make use of your reading time as effectively as possible.G.The first time,youll probably get the general idea but be confused by a few words.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Jennifer works for Platos Closet,the clothing chain that buys and sells used clothing and accessories.When she performed a routine_21_on a coat that was_22_by a man earlier that day,she_23_$7,000 in$100 bills zipped inside a pocket.No one was_24_;Platos Closet employees check clothes all day long.And_25_,the man who brought the coat didnt_26_where he had left the money.Some people would have_27_the“opportunity”.But not Jennifer.She said,“It wasnt mine,so I didnt get too_28_about that thick pile of cash.”_29_,she safely stored the money until it could be_30_to its rightful owner.Sure,Platos Closet has_31_about sending back personal items found in the clothing,but what Jennifer did_32_her character.It wasnt the result of outside pressure.“Its just about integrity,”She said.“You just have to make sure that youre_33_and that you do the right thing.”Reputation is easy;character is hard.Doing the right thing when others are watching is easy._34_public integrity,resolve or sincerity often results in recognition and praise.Doing the right thing when no one is watching is hard.Your nonpublic integrity gains no_35_or applause.Doing the right thing is also hard_36_it often runs against our best interests.The true test of_37_is what you do when people arent watching.Maybe_38_is Jennifers main character and maybe its not,but that doesnt_39_.The fact that she_40_to do the right thing is more important.21.A.service B.analysis C.experiment D.inspection 22.A.dropped off B.picked up C.paid for D.tried on 23.A.earned B.donated C.discovered D.spent 24.A.listening B.moving C.speaking D.watching 25.A.obviously B.fortunately C.hopefully D.consequently 26.A.determine B.remember C.indicate D.wonder 27.A.provided B.deserved C.seized D.confirmed 28.A.annoyed B.excited C.guilty D.confident 29.A.Also B.Otherwise C.Indeed D.Instead 30.A.recommended B.applied C.returned D.linked 31.A.regulations B.remarks C.issues D.reservations 32.A.preserved B.reflected C.developed D.affected 33.A.greedy B.honest C.polite D.curious 34.A.Covering B.Measuring C.Previewing D.Displaying 35.A.admiration B.knowledge C.apology D.cooperation 36.A.if B.while C.since D.unless 37.A.character B.motivation C.education D.relationship 38.A.weakness B.cheerfulness C.carelessness D.selflessness 39.A.occur B.matter C.match D.continue 40.A.expected B.promised C.arranged D.chose 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 The unbearable winter coldness couldnt stop their steps.With_41._(curious)and excitement,villagers at the foot of Mount Qomolangma hurry up to open their parcels at a delivery office.At an altitude of 4119 meters,this is the worlds_42._(high)delivery service station._43._(locate)in the town of Tashi Dzom in Tibet,the delivery office_44._(found)in 2016.Before that,local people had to spend around four hours to collect parcels from the county seat.But the delivery office brings great_45._(convenient)and therefore encourages more people to order online.According to Yang Tao,_46._is a worker at the delivery office,the office handled only 17 parcels in its first month.But thanks_47._the fast-growing industry,the number has grown