初中英语中考常考易错点突破专题八：副词.pdf

专题八副词易错清单1.how often,how long,how far,how soon巧辨析how often 有“多久一次”的意思,是就做某事的频率提问。常用“Twice a year.”,“Threetimes a week.”等回答。如:How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次电视?Three times a week.每周三次。how long 表示“时间多久或物体多长”,表示时间侧重指“一段时间”。针对“how long”的回答一般是时间段,如“for three days”,“three years”。如:How long did he stay here?他在这儿待了多久?About two weeks.大约两个星期。How long is the river?这条河有多长?About 500 km.大约 500 千米。how soon 表示“多久之后”,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间提问。how soon 的回答一般是:in+时间段。如:How soon will he be back?他要多久才回来?In an hour.一小时以后。(4)how far 是提问“路程有多远”,询问距离。如:How far is it from his house?距离他家有多远?2.too,enough,so 同作副词,差别大too 作副词,用在“too.to”结构,too.to 结构中的动词不定式部分为否定意义,意为“太而不能”。如:He is too young to go to school.他年龄太小了不能上学。enough 用作副词时,意为“足够”,“形容词或副词原级+enough to”结构意为“足以能够”,是肯定意义。如:He is old enough to go to school.他到了上学的年龄了。so 意为“如此”,用于“so.that.(如此以至于)”,so 后接形容词或副词,that后面加从句。如:He is so old that he cant go on working.他年龄太大,不能继续工作了。3.already,still,yet用法巧辨析already 通常用于肯定句中,表示“已经”。如:I have already seen the film.我已经看过这部电影了。yet 用来谈论某事是否已经发生,多用于疑问句和否定句中。在疑问句中,意为“已经”,在否定句中意为“还,尚”,通常放在句末;not yet 可用于简略回答,意为“还没有”。如:He hasnt finished reading the book yet.他还没有读完这本书。Have you finished your homework?你完成家庭作业了吗?No,not yet.不,还没有。still 意为“仍然,还”,强调过去发生的事情及存在的状况目前还在延续。在现在进行时中,still 只表示动作正在持续。如:Hes still living with his mother.他仍与母亲住在一起。4.either,also,too用法“也”不同also 用于肯定句,常用在实义动词前 be 动词后。如:He also attended the meeting yesterday.昨天他也参加了会议。He is also a scientist.他也是科学家。too 用于肯定句,在句末,too 前须有逗号。如:He can swim,too.他也会游泳。either 用于否定句,通常放在句末,之前需加逗号。如:He didnt attend the meeting,either.他也没去参加会议。5.ago,before“以前”差别大ago 表示“从现在起若干时间以前”,常与动词一般过去式连用,而且 ago 只能作副词。如:He left Shanghai three days ago.他三天前离开了上海。before 表示“从过去某时起若干时间以前”,常与过去完成式连用。before 既可作副词又可作介词和连词。如:I had finished the work two days before.两天前我已完成了工作。(副词)I visited him two days ago,but he had gone to Paris five days before.我于两天前去访问他,可是他已于那日 5 天前赴巴黎去了。(副词)6.much too,too much 词序颠倒,意不同too much 可以用作副词,也可以形容词,意为“太多、过于”。用作副词时,在句中作状语。如:Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.看电视太久,对你的眼睛不好。His father was too much surprised to see him here.他的爸爸看到他在这儿非常吃惊。too much 用作形容词时,常用来修饰不可数名词。如:He drank too much beer last night.他昨晚酒喝得太多。Please dont waste too much money.请不要浪费太多的钱。too much 用作名词时,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。如:Too much was happening all at once.同时发生的事太多了。Mike,you have eaten too much.You cant eat any more.迈克,你吃得太多了,你不能再吃了。Its too much for me.这个我干不了。much too 用作副词时,通常用来修饰形容词或副词,意为“极其、非常、实在太”。如:Do you enjoy traveling by plane much too?你特别喜爱乘飞机旅游吗?This problem is much too difficult for me to work out.这个问题非常难,我算不出来。This shirt is much too expensive for him.这件衬衫对他来说,实在太贵了。7.hard 与 hardly 没有共同语言当 hard 用作副词时,意为“努力地、困难地、猛烈地”等。如:Does Tom work hard at his lessons?汤姆学习努力吗?Its raining hard outside now.Dont go out.现在外面正下着大雨,不要出去。hardly 并不是 hard 加上后缀所构成的副词,hardly 只能用作副词,意为“几乎没有、几乎不”。如:I can hardly see anything on the blackboard.我几乎看不见黑板上的任何东西。My father hardly ever watches TV.我爸爸几乎不看电视。提分策略在近几年中考英语试题中,对副词的考查主要集中在副词的辨析用法、副词比较等级、副词与形容词的选择等,同时也涉及到含有副词的习惯用法和固定短语。题目设计更加注重语境创设,考查学生在特定语境中运用副词的能力。复习过程中需要重点掌握以下内容:1.副词词意辨析副词词意辨析是中考副词考查的主要内容,要求考生熟记常用易混副词的辨析,能结合具体语境准确使用副词。【例】(2013江苏无锡2)Look at the bird over there!Its so beautiful!Wow!Its a rare crane.Itappears in this area.A.alwaysB.usuallyC.seldomD.often【解析】考查副词词义辨析。always 总是;usually 通常;seldom 很少;often 经常。由前半句“哇,是丹顶鹤”可知在这儿是很少出现这种鸟。故选C。【答案】C2.副词比较等级中考对于副词的考查集中在原级、比较级和最高级的基本句型上,这是中考重点考查的知识点。具体来讲,特别要注意下面几点:(1)判断句子是原级、比较级还是最高级;(2)根据句子的意思来判断考查的副词是哪种比较等级;(3)能够根据句子中的一些修饰语做出正确判断。【例】(2013广东茂名30)you hit the horse,it will go.A.Hard;fastB.The hard;the fastC.The harder;the faster【解析】考查副词的比较级。句意:你越使劲拍马,它跑得越快。“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越就越”。故选 C。【答案】C3.动词+副词【例 1】(2014广东广州22)Do you want to eat here?No.Just fish and chips to,please.A.get awayC.send awayB.take awayD.throw away【解析】考查动词+副词 away 的辨析。get away;离开,逃跑;take away;带走,外带;sendaway;解雇;throw away;扔掉。根据题目,选择 take away,表示食物需要外带。【答案】B【例 2】(2014 浙江温州 7)Dontlate,Mary.You have a singing competitiontomorrow morning.Ok,dad.Ill go to bed right now.A.dress upC.stay upB.grow upD.mix up【解析】考查动词+副词 up 的辨析。dress up 打扮;grow up 长大;stay up 熬夜;mix up 混合。由应答句判断,爸爸叫不要熬夜,不是不要打扮、长大或混合,因为明天上午参加歌咏比赛。故选 C。【答案】C4.连接副词/词组的辨析用法连接副词/词组通常用来连接宾语从句。常见的有:when;where;how;why等。与不定式构成不定式短语时,该连词就转换成疑问副词,在句中作主语、宾语、状语或宾语补足语。不定式短语结构可以与宾语从句互换使用。【例】(2014浙江湖州19)Excuse me,Sir.is it from here to the nearest shoppingmall?Well,only about five minuteswalk.A.How oftenC.How farB.How longD.How soon【解析】考查疑问短语用法。句意:劳驾先生,这里离最近的购物中心有?哦,大约步行 5 分钟的路程。How often 多久一次,常对频度提问;how long 多长时间,常对一段时间提问;how far 多远,常对距离、路程提问;how soon 多久,多对一般将来时间提问。分析句意可知:是对路程提问,故选 C。【答案】C专项训练1.(2014天津塘沽区37)There has never been such a beautiful villagein theworld.A.anywhereC.somewhereB.everywhereD.nowhere2.(2014江苏盐城4)Computers of this kind.They are out of stock(脱销)now.A.sell goodC.are sold goodB.sell wellD.are sold well3.(2014湖北枣阳32)You must drivenext time,or there may be another accident.Thanks.I will be muchfrom now on.A.carefully;more carefullyB.more careful;more carefulC.more carefully;more carefulD.more careful;carefully4.(2014江苏江阴3)Lily dances so well.Where was she trained?She learns all by herself.Shegoes to any training class.A.usuallyC.evenB.oftenD.never5.(2013天津)I think winter is a beautiful season,when it snows.Me,too.A.speciallyC.probablyB.especiallyD.properly6.(2013浙江义乌)Li Hua studies math veryand her math isin her class.A.careful;goodC.careful;bestB.carefully;wellD.carefully;the best7.(2013江苏南京)Weve got no tea.Lets have juice.A.eitherC.yetB.howeverD.instead8.(2013四川绵阳)Do you often go fishing with your father?No,.I Dont like fishing at all.A.neverB.alwaysC.usually9.(2013山西)Lucy does homeworkthan Tim.A.carefullyB.more carefulC.more carefully10.(2013四川凉山)Mike always does his homework asas the exams.A.goodB.wellC.better11.(2013河北)Igo to the theatre,because I Dont like operas at all.A.alwaysC.sometimesB.oftenD.never12.(2013广东湛江)His grandparents livein a small house,but they Dontfeel.A.lonely;aloneC.lonely;lonelyB.alone;lonelyD.alone;alone13.(2013江西)Emily,here s a dictionary.I hope it will help you.Thank you.Itswhat I need.A.justC.onlyB.stillD.almost14.(2013 江苏苏州)In China it is a custom to give kids lucky moneyduring the SpringFestival.A.finallyC.simplyB.luckilyD.especially参考答案与解析1.A【解析】考查副词辨析的用法。anywhere 无论哪里;everywhere 到处,处处;somewhere某处;nowhere 任何地方都不。由句中“never”判断,无论哪里,不是到处,处处、某处或任何地方都不。所以排除 B、C、D 三项。故选 A。2.B【解析】考查副词的用法。由后面一句中的“out of stock(脱销)”判断,这种电脑销路好,sell 是不及物动词,应该用副词 well 来修饰。故选 B。3.A【解析】考查副词的用法。第一句应该用副词来修饰动词;第二句中 much 修饰比较级,所以排除 B、C、D 三项。故选 A。4.D【解析】考查副词的用法。由“learns all by herself 自学”判断,她从未上过舞蹈课,不是通常、经常或甚至去上舞蹈课,所以排除 A、B、C 三项。故选 D。5.B【解析】考查副词的辨析。句意:冬季是一个漂亮的季节,尤其是下雪时。specially 特意地;专门地;especially“尤其;特别”,在句中通常作状语,用来加强语气,后面常跟要强调的内容。6.D【解析】考查副词用法和形容词最高级。studies English 为动词词组,动词用副词修饰,排除 A 和 C。is 是系动词,排除 B。在她班上,她的数学是最好的。故选D。7.D【解析】考查副词的辨析。instead 意为“代替,替代”,用于祈使句中时,只能位于句末,强调不做前面的事情,而做后面的事。句意为“我们没有茶了,喝果汁吧”。故选 D。8.A【解析】考查副词用法。句意为“你常常和你爸爸去钓鱼吗?”“不,我根本不喜欢钓鱼”。根据情境,是一个完全否定的回答。always 与 usually 表示经常干某事,与情境不符。故选A。9.C【解析】考查副词比较等级。than“比”是比较级的标志;does“做”是实义动词,修饰实义动词用副词,故答案选 C 项,意为“更认真地”。10.B【解析】考查副词用法。句意:迈克做的作业总是和他的考试一样好。动词does 需用副词来修饰,而 as.as 中间需用副词原形。11.D【解析】考查副词的用法。根据后句中的“because I Dont like operas at all.”可知,“因为我根本不喜欢戏剧”,所以“我”从不去剧院,故答案为 D。12.B【解析】考查 alone 和 lonely 的辨析。句意为“他的爷爷奶奶单独住在一个小房子里,但是并不感到孤独。”alone 单独一个人;lonely 内心孤独的。故选 B。13.A【解析】考查副词用法。句意:Emily,给你一本字典。我希望它能帮助你。谢谢。这正好是我需要的。根据句意,可知选 A。14.D【解析】考查副词用法。句意:“在中国,尤其是春节期间,给孩子红包是一个传统。”根据句意可知,答案为 D。