初中英语动词时态复习讲义.pdf

初中英语动词时态复习讲义初中英语动词时态复习讲义一般现在时一般现在时1、动词的第三人称词尾变化：当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需加-s 或-es：规则一般在词尾加-s，(清辅音后读s，在浊辅音后读z；在 t后读ts,在 d 后读dz。)以字母 s,*,ch,sh,o 结尾的词加-es，读iz,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。动词原形playleaveswimpassfi*teachwishdostudycarryfly第三人称单数形式playsleavesswimspassesfi*esteacheswishesdoesstudiescarriesflies-以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词，先变y 为 i,再加-es,读z。注意：动词注意：动词 havehave 的第三人称单数是的第三人称单数是 hashas。写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式。1.cook _2.watch_3.build_4.have_5.wash_6.enjoy _7.go _8 receive _9cry_10.close _11.drive _12.choose _13.play _14.reach _15.fi*_2、一般现在时的用法1）表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有：always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes、every week(day,year,month),once a week,on Sundays、in spring 等。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。例如:He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.每天早上我七点离开家。2）表示现在的状态。例如：My father is at work.He is very busy.我父亲在工作，他很忙。The boy is twelve.这男孩十二岁。3）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。例如：All my family love football.我全家人都喜欢足球。My sister is always ready to help others.我妹妹总是乐于助人。Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。4)表示客观真理，客观存在，自然现象。例如：The earth moves around the sun.地球绕太阳转动。Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海位于中国东部。5）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于 start、begin、leave、go、come、arrive、return、take place 等。例如：The train leaves at si*tomorrow morning.火车明天上午六点开。He comes back tonight.他今晚回来。6）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如：Ill tell him the news when he comes back.他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。If you take the job,they will talk with you in greater details.如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。巩固练习：.z.-一、单项选择题1.Jenny!Do you know that one-third of the boys in our class_ the singer Zhang ShaohanA.likeB.likesC.liking2.The sense of happiness will increase if you _ what you like to do.A.doB.didC.will do3.Betty will ring me up when she _ in Beijing.A.arriveB.arrivesC.arrivedD.will arrive4.If you _ your homework,you can go out to play football.A.finishB.will finishC.are finishing5.Now my father _ his bike to work every day instead of driving.A.rideB.rodeC.ridesD.will ride6.This girl is ready tohelp people any time.When she is on the bus,she always her seat to someonein need.A.gives B.giveC.gaveD.giving7.When will he leave for ShanghaiAs soon as he _ his work.A.finishedB.will finish C.is finishing D.finishes8.Although Bill isnt rich enough,he often _ money to the poor.A.will giveB.was givingC.givesD.gave9.-Can your father drive-Yes,and heto work every day.A.is drivingB.droveC.drivesD.has driven10.John likes playing soccer very much and he _ about one hour playing it every day.A.spentB.will spend C.has spentD.spends二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.We often_(play)in the playground.2.He _(get)up at si*oclock.3._you_(brush)your teeth every morning.4.What_(do)he usually_(do)after school5.Danny_(study)English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.6.Mike sometimes _(go)to the park with his sister.7.At eight at night,she often_(watch)TV with his parents.8._ Mike_(read)English everyday9.How many lessons_your classmate_(have)on Monday10.What time_his mother_(do)thehousework三、单项选择。（本大题共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分）()1.I _to school at 7:00 in the morning.A.goB.goingC.goesD.went()2.They _books every day in the library.A.readsB.readC.readingD.reader()3.The monkey_ eating bananas very much.A.likeB.likesC.likingD.liked()4.My father _to read newspaper after supper every day.A.likeB.likesC.likingD.liked()5.I like watching TV,but my mother _like it.A.dontB.doesntC.doesD.did()6._ your father drink milk every dayA.doB.areC.doesD.did.z.-()7.We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow.A.dont rainB.didnt rain C.doesnt rainD.isnt rain()8.He said the sun _in the east and _in the west.A.rose;setB rises;setsC rises,setD rise;sets()9.Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music.A like;listen B likes;listens C like;are listeningD liking;listen()10.Jenny_ English every evening.A has studyB studiesC studyD studied一般过去时一般过去时一、动词过去式的规则变化：构成规则一般在动词原形末尾加-ed，(在清辅音后读t；在浊辅音和元音后读 d；在t,d后读id。结尾是 e的动词在末尾加-d末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed结尾是“辅音字母 y”的动词，先变“y”为“I”再加-ed动词原形lookplayworklikelivehopeplanstopdropstudyworrycry动词过去式lookedplayedworkedlikedlivedhopedplannedstoppeddroppedstudiesworriescries写出下列动词的过去式形式。1.put _2.drink _3.cry _4.pull _5.ride _6.begin _7.sit _8.run _9.take _10.sweep _11.stop _ 12.solve _13.rob _14.wait _15.lie _16.turn _17.e*plore _18.drop _19.clean _20.produce _21.get _22.laugh_23.pay_24.die_25.prefer _二.一般过去时的用法1）表示过去*个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语just now,in 1982，ago,yesterday,the daybefor e yesterday,last week(year,night,month),at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon a time等连用。在一般过去式中，要表达“过多少时间之后”，一般用 after。几年后。例如：Where did you go just now刚才你上哪儿去了.After a few years,she started to play the piano.几年后，她开始弹钢琴。2）表示在过去，经常或反复发生的动作。常与often,always等表示频度的副词连用。例如：When I was a child,I often played football in/on the street.我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。3）一般过去式也可与 today,thisweek,this month,this year等表现在的时间状语连用，但这些时间状语须指过去的时间，决不包含“现在”“此时此刻”的意思。例如：Did you see him today今天你看见他了吗.巩固练习：一、单项选择（1）1.When _ you _ your old friend The day before yesterday.A.will,visit B.did,visitC.have,visitedD.are,visit2.E*cuse me,please look at the sign“No smoking”.Sorry,I _.A.don t notice it B.am not noticedC.didnt notice it D.wasn t noticed3.Everyone e*cept Bill and Jim _ there when the meeting began.z.-A.wasB.isC.areD.were4.I _ in this small mountain village when I was a child.A.use to liveB.used to livingC.used to liveD.used to life5.How was your weekend Great!We _ a picnic by the lake.A.haveB.are havingC.hadD.will have6.Havent I told you I like coffee without sugar Sorry,but I only _ a little.A.am puttingB.putC.will putD.was putting7.The bus _ suddenly when a group of students ran onto the road.A.stopsB.stoppedC.has stoppedD.is stopping8.My uncle used _ a very good football player,but this was a long time ago.A.to beingB.beingC.beD.to be9.Oh,this is really a big shop.Do you know when it _A.builtB.was builtC.has builtD.has been built10.When _ you _ the bike Last month.A.have,boughtB.had,boughtC.do,buyD.did,buy11.May I _ your dictionary Sorry,I _ it at home.A.borrow,forgotB.borrow,leftC.lend,forgotD.lend,left12.What do you think _ her _A.make,sadB.makes,sadlyC.made,sadD.made,sadly13.What did you do on May Day I went shopping with my family.There _ so many people in the street.A.wasB.areC.wereD.is14.Have you mended your shoes,Bob Yes,I _ them twenty minutes ago.A.have mendedB.mendC.had mendedD.mended15.Im sorry you have missed the bus.It _ five minutes ago.What a pity!A.was leavingB.has leftC.leftD.leaves16.She _ the TV play yesterday.A.watchesB.watchedC.has watchedD.will watch17.He _ the film yesterday.A.seesB.sawC.has seenD.will see18.When _ your brother _ back About half an hour ago.A.did,comeB.had,comeC.do,comeD.have,come19.Inventors have changed the way we live.So they are famous for the great things they _.A.doB.didC.are doingD.had done20.Grandma _ us stories when we were very young.A.used to tellB.is used to tellC.was used to tellD.used to telling二、单项选择（2）()1.The mother asked the boy _ down the ladder,but he went on _ instead.A.come;climbingB.to come;to climb C.to come;climbingD.coming;climbing()2.The teacher asked the students to close the windows _ the wind from _ the papers away.A.to stop;blowingB.stopping;blowingC.to stop;blowD.stopped;blow()3.The sick man stayed in bed,_ very terrible.A.feltB.feelingC.is feelingD.was feeling()4.Yesterday I heard a story _ by my friend.A.toldB.tellingC.to tellD.tell()5.The boy was made _ there for an hour by his father.z.-A.standingB.standC.to standD.stands()6.I saw him _ into the small store.A.wentB.goingC.to goD.has gone()7.He raised his voice to make everybody in the room _ him clearly.A.hearB.to hearC.hearingD.heard()8.Our geography teacher told us yesterday that the earth _ around the sun.A.was movingB.movedC.has movedD.moves()9.Oh,its you.Im sorry I _ know you _ here.A.dont;areB.didnt;areC.didnt;wereD.dont;were()10.Mr Lu*un died in 1936.He _ a lot of famous novels.A.wroteB.was writingC.has writtenD.would write()11.-How was your weekend on the farm-Great!We _ with the farmers.A.enjoy ourselvesB.went fishingC.will workD.make friends()12.-What did Mr Jones do before he moved here-He _ a city bus for over twenty-five years.A.is drivingB.droveC.has drivenD.drives()13.Jane _ a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai.A.buysB.is buyingC.boughtD.will buy()14.-Liu Mei cant come tonight.-Why But she _ me she would come.A.tellsB.toldC.is toldD.had told()15.He turned off the light and then _.A.leavesB.has leftC.will leaveD.left一般将来时一般将来时一、一般将来时的构成：基本结构：am/is/are/going to+do；will/shall+do在口语中，will 在名词或代词后常缩为ll，will not 常简缩为 wont。在疑问句中，主语为第一人称时（I 和we）时，常用助动词 shall。例如：Shell go to play basketball.她要去打篮球。Shall we go to the zoo 我们要去动物园吗.二、一般将来时的用法1、表示将来*个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与tomorrow,ne*t year 等连用。例如：Ill meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.2、表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。例如：Ill come and see you every Saturday ne*t year.明年我将每个星期六来看你。3、表示说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测，通常用be afraid,be/feel sure,hope,know,think 等后面的从句或与副词perhaps,possibly,maybe 等连用。例如：I think shell go back home for supper.我想她会回家吃饭。Maybe shell go to the gym.也许她会去体育馆。三、be going to+不定式，表示将来。1、表示主语进行*一行动的打算意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好*些准备的意思。即计划，安排要发生的事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow 明天打算作什么呢.The play is going to be produced ne*t month。这出戏下月开播。2、表示说话人确信如此或有*种迹象表明*事即将发生。例如：Look at the dark clouds,there is going to be a storm.看那乌云，快要下雨了。3、注意：be going to 和 will 之间的区别。1两者都用于预测时，be going to 意指有迹象表明*件事将要发生，属客观的推测；will 则意指说话人认为/相信*件事将要发生，属主观的推测。2两者在时间的发生上，be going to 通常表示马上要发生或相当快就要发生的事情；而 will 不指明任何具体时间，可以指遥远的未来。.z.例如：He is gong in to be better.他的病就要好起来了。He will be better.他的病会好起来了。3两者都表示意图时，be going to 含有预先计划、准备的意思；will 则指未经过预先思考或计划，是临时的一种决定。4在条件状语从句中，be going to 表将来,will 表意愿。例如：If you are going to make a journey,youd better get ready for it as soon as possible.如果你将要去旅行，最好尽快做好准备。Miss Gao will tell you the answer if you ask her.如果你去问高老师，她会告诉你答案。四、主将从现.概念简单来讲，“主将从现”是指在复合句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句是由 when,as soon as,not.until,before,after.引导的时间状语从句或由if=as long as,unless 引导的条件状语从句;从句中表示将来的动作要用一般现在时来代替，这就是我们常说的主将从现时态对应原则。II分类讲解：1、条件状语从句时态呼应为主将从现。例：He will go to the park if it doesnt rain tomorrow.2、时间状语从句的时态呼应为主将从现例：She will call you as soon as she gets to the airport.III把握考点：考点一：if 引导宾语从句和条件从句l.If 有两个意思，当“是否”讲时，引导宾语从句，从句的事态由事实决定；e.g.We dont know if it will rain tomorrow.2.当“如果、假如”讲时，引导条件状语从句，此时要使用主将从现原则。e.g.If it is fine tomorrow,we shall visit the Great Wall.考点二：when 引导宾语从句和时间状语从句l.当 when 引导宾语从句时，表示“何时”，时态由事实决定。e.g.I dont know when he will come.2.当 when 引导时间状语从句时表示“当的时候”，要使用“主将从现”原则。e.g.When he comes,I will call you.巩固练习：1.Mrs.Brown is going to buy a digital camera.（对划线部分提问）_2.My boss is going to fly to London on business the day after tomorrow.（用 often 改写句子）_3.Sam will visit Brazil ne*t week.（变成一般疑问句并否定回答）_4.他们今晚要去看足球赛。_5.金一家人什么时候去长城啊._一、单项选择题()1.Her hope _ the 2008 Olympic Games.A.to take part inB.is to take part inC.taking part inD.will take part in()2.-Can I go to Beijing for my holiday,Dad-You can when you _ a bit older.A.will getB.getC.are gettingD.got()3.If he _harder,he will catch up with us soon.A.studyB.studiesC.will studyD.studied.z.-()4.-Dont forget to ask him to write to me.-I wont.As soon as he _,Ill ask him to write to you.A.will comeB.cameC.comesD.is coming()5.-Jimmy is leaving for a holiday.-Really Where _ he _A.has;goneB.will;goC.did;goD.would;go()6.Frank _ to see his grandma if he _ free tomorrow.A.will come;will beB.comes;isC.will come;isD.comes;will be()7.There _ a talk on science in our school ne*t Monday.A.will giveB.will beC.is going to giveD.is()8.-Shall we go shopping now-Sorry,I cant.I _ my shirts.A.washB.washesC.washedD.am washing()9.I believe that those mountains _ with trees in a few years time.A.are coveredB.will be coveredC.are coveringD.will cover()10.It is said that about 400 cars _ in the factory ne*t month.A.were producedB.will produceC.are producedD.will be produced()11.-Are you free this afternoon-No.Ill have an English composition _ this afternoon.A.to writeB.wroteC.to be writingD.to be written()12.-Come back home every month.-I _.A.willB.mustC.shouldD.can()13.A robot _ think of itself;it _ be told what to do.A.cant;mustB.couldnt;canC.may not;willD.mustnt,may()1.There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A.will be going toB.will going to beC.is going to beD.will go to be()2.Charlie _ here ne*t month.A.isnt workingB.doesnt workingC.isnt going to workingD.wont work()3.He _ very busy this week,he _ free ne*t week.A.will be;isB.is;isC.will be;will beD.is;will be()4.There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A.wasB.is going to haveC.will have D.is going to be()5.-_ you _ free tomorrow-No.I _ free the day after tomorrow.A.Are;going to;willB.Are;going to be;willC.Are;going to;will beD.Are;going to be;will be()6.Mother _ me a nice present on my ne*t birthday.A.will givesB.will giveC.givesD.give()7.-Shall I buy a cup of tea for you-_.（不，不要。）A.No,you wont.B.No,you arent.C.No,please dont.D.No,please.()8.-Where is the morning paper-I _ if for you at once.A.getB.am gettingC.to getD.will get()9._ a concert ne*t SaturdayA.There will beB.Will there beC.There can beD.There are()10.If they come,we _ a meeting.A.haveB.will haveC.hadD.would have()11.He _ her a beautiful hat on her ne*t birthday.A.givesB.gaveC.will givingD.is going to giving()12.He _ to us as soon as he gets there.A.writesB.has writtenC.will writeD.wrote()13.He _ in three days.A.coming backB.came backC.will come backD.is going to coming back.z.-()14.If it _ tomorrow,well go roller-skating.A.isnt rainB.wont rainC.doesnt rainD.doesnt fine()15.-Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow-No,_（不去）.A.they willnt.B.they wont.C.they arent.D.they dont.()16.Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoonA.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;go()17.We _ the work this way ne*t time.A.doB.will doC.going to doD.will doing()18.Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first,and then _ boating in the park.A.will fly;will goB.will fly;goesC.is going to fly;will goes D.flies;will go()19.The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match.A.will watchingB.watchesC.is watchingD.is going to watch()20.There _ a birthday party this Sunday.A.shall beB.will beC.shall going to beD.will going to be()21.They _ an English evening ne*t Sunday.A.are havingB.are going to haveC.will havingD.is going to have()22._ you _ free ne*t SundayA.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;be()23.He _ there at ten tomorrow morning.A.willB.isC.will beD.be()24._ your brother _ a magazine from the libraryA.Are;going to borrow B.Is;going to borrowC.Will;borrowsD.Are;going to borrows()25.-Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon-_（好的）.A.Yes,pleaseB.Yes,you will.C.No,please.D.No,you wont.()26.It _ the year of the horse ne*t year.A.is going to beB.is going toC.will beD.will is()27._ open the windowA.Will you pleaseB.Please will youC.You pleaseD.Do you()28.-Lets go out to play football,shall we-OK.I _.A.will comingB.be going to comeC.comeD.am coming()29.It _ us a long time to learn English well.A.takesB.will takeC.spendsD.will spend()30.The train _ at 11.A.going to arriveB.will be arriveC.is going toD.is arriving二、动词填空1.I _（leave）in a minute