形容词和副词.pdf

形容词和副词 Revised on November 25,2020 对于形容词和副词的考察主要在于：1.形容词和副词的混用。2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的使用。用法 例句 形容词 修饰名词或代词做定语 I wish you a pleasant journey to Beijing.主系表结构中做表语 The food smells delicious 做宾补，对宾语进行补充说明 I thought it difficult to learn English well 副词 修饰句子 He was doing it simply because he loved to walk and discover.修饰形容词/副词 He must be mentally disabled.修饰动词 Tom talked to me loudly just now.3.形容词和副词的比较级或最高级的规则变化 变化规则 例子 在单音节词末尾直接加-er 或-est great-greater-greatest 单音节词如果以-e 结尾，加-r 或-st brave-braver-bravest 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，要变 y为 i再加-er 或-est happy-happier-happiest 单词需双写最后一个,再加-er 或-est big-bigger-biggest 多音节词和部分双音节在单词的前面加单词 more或 most more difficult-most difficult 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least old older（做表语或定语）elder(定语)older/elder oldest/eldest far farther表示距离上更远 further表示程度上更进一步 farther/further farthest/furthest 4.表示“使”的动词比如：excite,bore,confuse,disappoint 一般都有两个形容词，一个是现在分词转化成的形容词，多表示主语所具有的特征，翻译成“令人的”；另一个是过去分词转化成的形容词，多表示主语所处的状态，翻译成“的”。exciting:令人兴奋的/excited:兴奋的；boring:令人厌烦的/bored:厌烦的 confusing:令人迷惑的/confused 迷惑的；disappointing:令人厌烦的/disappointed:厌烦的 5.同根副词的误用：hard 努力地 He works very hard hardly 几乎不 She hardly goes out at night high 高，在高处 The plane is flying high highly 高度地 We all think highly of her almost 几乎，差不多 Almost no one believed him.mostly=mainly 主要地，通常 We are mostly out on Sundays late 迟到，迟发生 My flight was an hour late later 后来，以后 I met her again three years later lately=recently 最近，近来 Have you seen her lately latest 最近的，最新的 Have you heard the latest news near(时间，距离)“近，接近”Bob lives near our school nearly 几乎，差不多 Its nearly ten oclock 6.形容词和副词的比较级可以用 much,far,even,still,rather,some,any,a little,a lot,等词修饰;The task proved to be very more difficult than we had expected.+比较级,the+比较级“越，越”It is believed that the harder you work,the better result you will get.8.形容词的比较级与否定词连用表示最高级的含义。-How do you like the house-Its great,and I couldnt have found a _(good)one.及时跟踪练习一（短改）1.She pretended to be friend to me.2.Nowadays,we can receive the late news from different medias.3.Tom is particular interested in English.4.I call my father every week,most on Saturdays.5.All teachers think high of her.6.It is possibly that he will be here in time.7.Pay specially attention to the sign of the answer.8.This is a most wonderful movie.I have never seen a good one before.9.Late,Vivian began to feel sorry that she had been rude to her mom.10.His good manners made a deeply impression on us.11.If all the people drive environment friendly cars in the future,there will be fewer pollution in the air.12.It was raining more harder and harder.And we had to rush into a restaurant.13.He is probable to come to help us if he doesnt have to attend the meeting.14.She wanted to thank him for the greatly influence he had on her life.15.Miriam was too frightening to tell her family what had happened.及时跟踪练习二（语法填空）1.I _(usual)work eight hours a day.2.I spent a _(relax)afternoon in the garden.3.The sooner you give up smoking,the _(good)it will be.4.Ive seen poverty,and I now have a good job and live _(comfort).5.Her sweet voice sounds very_(beauty).6.What you are studying is _(bad)needed nowadays in our country.7.I am so _(excite)that you have passed the exam.8.You wont be able to get any _(far)information until tomorrow.9.I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and _(little)aggressive.10.As we all know,computers are getting more and more _(use).(fortunate)the scientist died of illness.12.China has become the second _(big)emitter(排放者)of green house gases.13.A face to face deal makes online shopping less _(rely)and trustworthy.14.I dont think it is _(suit)to drink.15.The lawyer presented more and more evidence,and _(eventual),the criminal had to admit his guilt.答案详解：及时跟踪练习一（短改）1.把 friend改为 friendly“友好的”。很多以“ly”结尾的单词是形容词而不是副词，比如：lovely“可爱的”，deadly“致命的”，lonely“孤独的”，orderly“整齐的，有秩序的”等。2.把 late改为 latest“最新的”。3.把 particular改为 particularly.副词修饰形容词。4.把 most 改为 mostly.most“最大程度地，极度地”，mostly“主要地，多半，通常”。5.把 high 改为 highly.think highly of“对高度评价”。6.把 possibly改为 possible.possibly是副词，possible 是形容词,此处该用形容词做表语。7.把 specially改为 special.此处要用形容词修饰名词 attention。8.把 good改为 better.形容词的比较级与否定词连用表示最高级的含义。9.把 Late改为 Later.late“迟到，迟发生”；later“后来。改的时候注意“L”大写。10.把 deeply改为 deep.deep 既可以做形容词也可以做副词而 deeply只能做副词,此处要用形容词 deep 修饰名词 impression。11.把 fewer改为 less.pollution 为不可数名词，所以要用 little的比较级 less 修饰。12.把 more 去掉.hard为单音节词变比较级的时候不需要加 more，而且后面的harder and harder已经是比较了。13.把 probable改为 likely.probable 和 likely都表示“可能性”，但是人做主语只能用 likely.14.把 greatly改为 great。修饰名词要用形容词。15.把 frightening改为 frightened.frightening“令人害怕的”，frightened“害怕的”跟踪练习二（语法填空）1.此处填 usually,副词做状语，修饰后面的动词 work。2.此处填 relaxing“令人放松的”，修饰 afternoon.3.此处填 better,the+比较级,the+比较级:“越，越”。4.此处填 comfortably.修饰动词 live要用副词。5.此处填 beautiful.sound是系动词，其后用形容词做表语。6.此处填 badly.badly“非常，严重地”，副词修饰动词。7.此处填 excited.exited“兴奋的”，形容词做表语。8.此处填 further.根据句意可知是“更进一步的信息”，所以此处要填比较级。9.此处填 less.根据前面的 more可知此处应填比较级 less.10.此处填 useful.get 是系动词，所以要用形容词做表语。11.此处填 Unfortunately，副词做状语修饰后面整句话。12.此处填 biggest.“序数词+最高级”表示“第几最.的”。13.此处填 reliable.形容词做宾补，而且和 trustworthy在词性上保持一致。14.此处填 suitable.形容词做表语。15.此处填 eventually,副词做状语，修饰后面整句话。