安徽省定远县高考英语一轮复习阅读理解精练(四)-人教版高三全册英语试题.pdf

word 1/12 安徽定远县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解精练 2016 高考英语-阅读理解训练。阅读如下短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出最优选项。A man,who sometimes takes my bus,is in rags.His life seems different from that of the others.He looks exhausted and carries nothing.He appears along a downtown street,seemingly out of nowhere.We sometimes want to know where he sleeps at night.A few weeks ago he boarded the bus.A few stops later,a young woman boarded.She swiped(刷)her bus-card,only to find the machine would not accept it.The driver told her to pay the$2.25 fare.“I just bought this card,she said.“I paid the money.The driver said she could take the card back to the sales office and explain the problem.In the meantime she would have to pay the fare for that day.The woman became confused and distressed.The rest of us just watched,wondering how the problem would be solved.Suddenly the man rose from his seat,dropped a few coins into the fare box.“Youre lucky,the bus driver said quietly.“He paid for you.Silence fell over the bus.The rest of us had watched the womans discomfort,but he felt it.We lawyers,journalists and business people headed downtown to help fix the world.He fixed her world.I havent seen him since that day.Some people believe angels occasionally drop down and move among us.All I know is that I have a new respect for the simple act of kindness.It speeds us along on our way.1.According to the first paragraph,the author _.A.thinks highly of the man B.often gives the man some help C.knows the man very well D.considers the man strange 2.What does the underlined word“distressed probably mean?word 2/12 A.exited B.generous C.bored D.anxious 3.What did the writer learn from the man?A.to show concern for other people.B.to lead a happy life like the man.C.to share what he has with us.D.to believe that people are born kind.参考答案 1.D 2.D 3.A 阅读理解-C Advice to“sleep on it could be well founded,scientists say.After a good nights sleep a problem that seemed impossible to solve the night before can often appear easier,although no evidence has proved this by now.But researchers at the University of Luebek in Germany have designed an experiment that shows a good nights sleep can improve insight(洞 察 力 and problem-solving.“If you have some newly acquired memories in your brain,sleep acts on these memories,restructures(重构 them,so that after sleep the insight into a problem which you could not solve before increases,said Dr.Jan Bom,a neuroscientist,at the university.To test the theory,they taught volunteers two simple rules to help them put a string of numbers into a new order.There was also a third,hidden rule,which could help them increase their speed in solving the problem.The researchers divided the volunteers into two groups,half were allowed to sleep after the training while the remainders were forced to stay awake.Bom and his team noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as likely to figure out the third rule as the other group.“Sleep helped,Bom said in a telephone interview.“The important thing is that you have to have a memory representation in your brain of the problem you want to solve and then you sleep,so it can act on the problem.word 3/12 But Bom admitted that he and his team dont know how restructuring of memories occurs or what governs it or in which stage of sleep it works.Pierre Marquette and Pierre Ruby of the University of Liege in Belgium said the experimental evidence supports the suggestions that sleep can promote creative thinking.Although the role of sleep in human creativity will still be a mystery,the research gives people good reason to fully respect their periods of sleep,they added.36.The underlined phrase“sleep on it in the first line probably means _.A.to put something aside to be solved until the next day B.to get as much sleep as possible C.to go on sleeping without being disturbed D.to sleep till you get up the next morning【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。由“After a good nights sleep a problem that seemed impossible to solve the night before can often appear easier,可知选 A。37.Jan Bom and his team carried out the experiment through _ A.comparison B.interview C.survey D.imagination【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由“The researchers divided the volunteers into two groups,half were allowed to sleep after the training while the remainders were forced to stay awake.Bom and his team noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as likely to figure out the third rule as the other group.可知他们是通过比拟来开展的实验。应当选 A。38.It can be inferred from the passage that _.A.people should sleep so long as they have time word 4/12 B.sleep is the only way to solve hard problems C.people have various periods of sleep D.people know how sleep restructures memories【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。由“But Bom admitted that he and his team dont know how restructuring of memories occurs or what governs it or in which stage of sleep it works.可知人们有不同的睡眠阶段。应当选 C。39.What would be the best title for the passage?A.How Sleep Works B.Sleep Helps Solve Problems C.No Evidence,But Well Founded D.Boms Discovery On Sleep【答案】B【解析】标题归纳题。40.Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?A.A science fiction.B.A book review.C.An advertisement.D.A newspaper.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。本文主要讲的是科学家的一项新的发现，以与有关的实验。所以最可能出自报纸。应当选 D。阅读如下短文，从每题所给的 A.B.C 和 D 项中，选出最优选项。What does it mean to say that we live in a world of persuasion?It means that we live among competing interests.Your roommates need to study for an exam may take priority(优先)over pizza.Your instructor may have good reasons not to change your word 5/12 grade.And the object of your romantic/interest may have other choices.In such a world,persuasion is the art of getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our points of view.When we persuade,we want to influence how others believe and behave.We may not always prevail other points of view may be more persuasive,depending on the listener,the situation,and the merit of the case.But when we practice the art of persuasion,we try to ensure that our position receives the attention it deserves.Some people,however,object to the very idea of persuasion.They may regard it as an unwelcome interruption into their lives.Just the opposite,we believe that persuasion is unavoidable to live is to persuade.Persuasion may be ethical(符合道义的)or unethical,selfless or selfish,inspiring or degrading.Persuaders may enlighten our mind or prey on our vulnerability.Ethical persuasion,however,calls on sound reasoning and is sensitive to the feelings and needs of listeners.Such persuasion can help us apply the wisdom of the past to the decisions we now must make.Therefore,the most basic part of education is learning to resist the one kind of persuasion and to encourage and practice the other.Beyond its personal importance to us,persuasion is necessary to society.The right to persuade and be persuaded is the bedrock of the American political system,guaranteed by the First Amendment to the Constitution(美国宪法).10.According to the passage,persuasion means _.A.changing others points of view B.exercising power over other people C.getting other people to consider your point of view D.getting people to agree with you and do what you want 11.The underlined word in the second paragraph“prevail means_.A.win B.fail C.speak D.listen 12.The passage states that some people object to persuasion because they think it word 6/12 is _.A.a danger to society B.difficult to do well C.unwelcome behavior D.never successful 13.The passage mainly discusses _.A.how people persuade B.why people persuade C.that persuasion is both good and bad D.that persuasion is important and it is all around us 【答案与解析】10.C 细节题。将第二段中 persuasion is the art of getting others to give fair and favorable consideration to our points of view 与各选项进展比拟可知。11.A 词义题。由破折号后面的句子 other points of view may be more persuasive 可知，我们不一定占上风，应当选 A。12.C 细节题。由第三段中第一二句 Some peopleinto their lives 可知。13.D 主旨题。根据第一段对we live in a world of persuasion的理解，第三段中we believe that persuasion is unavoidable-to live is to persuade 与最后一段中 persuasion is necessary to society 与各选项进展比拟可确定选 D。阅读如下短文，从每题所给的 A.B.C 和 D 项中，选出最优选项。A 33-year-old financial analyst in California recently quit his job to devote himself to an unpaid job teaching math on the Internet,and his lessons are reaching almost 100,000 people a month.Salman Khans voice is heard every day on the net-by tens of thousands of students around the world who are hungry for help learning math.He has posted 1,200 lessons on YouTube.lessons that appear on an electronic blackboard,which range from basic addition to advanced mathematics word 7/12 for science and finance.And they are free.Khan lives in Silicon Valley,with his wife,a doctor,and their new baby.He got the idea for his“Khan Academy four years ago,when he taught a young cousin how to convert kilograms to grams.With Khans help,the cousin got good at math,and Khan began a new career.Now,Khan records his lessons himself,but he never goes on camera.“It feels like my voice in their head.Youre looking at it and it feels like someones over your shoulder talking in your ear,as opposed to someone at the blackboard,which is distant from you,he said.When Springfield High School in Palo Alto,California invited Khan to speak in person-he immediately connected to the students there.The idea of short lessons that can be played over and over again attracted high school senior Bridget Meaney.She says she had trouble with math in the seventh grade.“I think the teachers are good,but they cant teach at a speed thats perfect for everyone,she said.“I like the idea of learning something in class but then going back and pressing pause or rewind and actually getting a deeper understanding of it.Originally,Khan kept his lessons short because of YouTube restrictions.Now,he thinks short is better.“Education researchers now tell me that 10 minutes is how long someone can have a high level of concentration.And anything beyond that and your brain switches off,he said.For Khan,teaching math,science,and finance is just the beginning.He says hes ready to expand his YouTube site to include other subjects as well.6.What gave Khan the idea of teaching math online?A.His success in helping his cousin learn math.B.His discovery that many students found learning math difficult.C.A suggestion made to him at a local high school.word 8/12 D.His interest in Internet teaching.7.Why does Khan never go on camera?A.Hes too shy to show his face on camera.B.Its restricted by YouTube for education videos.C.He wants to keep distance from the viewers.D.He wants to create a more relaxed learning atmosphere.8.From the passage,we know that _.A.Khan travels to many schools to promote his lessons B.Khan plans to include more subjects in the future C.Khan gives live math lessons every day for free D.Khan set up the Khan Academy with his wife 9.Why does Bridget Meaney like Khans lessons?A.Khan teaches seventh grade math better than her teacher.B.The lessons can be watched repeatedly until fully understood.C.She can perfectly follow the pace of Khans teaching.D.She cannot concentrate when learning in class.10.What does Khan mean by“short is better in the 6th paragraph?A.Keeping the lessons short can ensure better concentration.B.YouTube recommends short lessons for its site.C.Short lessons encourage students to return to the website.D.Students enjoy short mathematics lessons more.【参考答案】610、A D B B A 阅读理解-D word 9/12 Community theatre is a theatre that is run by a local district with the efforts of volunteers.They offer many different kinds of productions,such as musical theatre,dance theatre and childrens theatre.Usually,performers are amateurs who receive no pay,but at other times professionals get involved,and they are paid.Community theatres of today are a little different ftom the old“little theatres，as most are simply run by colleges and their theatre departments.Community theatres are a great way to get involved with local actors.Now,most theatres put on shows that will entertain or benefit the community.In the 1880s,“little theatre was started in Europe so that poor people could see theatrical productions without having to travel far or pay a lot.In 1910，this idea traveled to the United States.In the early years,community theatres were even funded by the government,but when shows became too political,government funding was stopped.Community theatres of today are a little different from the old“little theatres，as most simply want to infuse little culture into the lives of the local citizens.In many cases,these theatres are run by colleges and their theatre departments.These productions are often free of charge,or charge very little money to pay for costumes and other incidental expenses.Many also encourage the participation of children and other young people to let them develop theatrical skills,as well as to keep them busy so that they do not choose to get into trouble.Additionally,for those who desire strongly to become professional actors and to one day get a chance to act in a national theatre production,it is an exciting place to learn and develop theatrical skills.41.Why was“little theatre started in Europe?A.To put on shows for children.word 10/12 B.To collect money for poor people.C.To entertain poor people.D.To get people interested in theatrical productions.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。由“little theatrewas started in Europe so that poor people could see theatrical productions without having to travel far or pay a lot.可知，是为了让穷人娱乐。应当选 C。42.From the passage we know that community theatres can _.A.help young people make more money B.prevent young people getting into trouble C.help young people enter the colleges D.encourage young people to become more responsible【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由“Many also encourage the participation of children and other young people to let them develop theatrical skills,as well as to keep them busy so that they do not choose to get into trouble.可知社区剧院可以防止年轻人惹事。应当选 B。43.Which of the following is TRUE about community theatre?A.It is usually funded by the government.B.It is intended to train professional actors.C.It benefits the community in many ways.D.It is quite different from the old“little theatres.【答案】C word 11/12【解析】推理判断题。由“Many also encourage the participation of children and other young people to let them develop theatrical skills,as well as to keep them busy so that they do not choose to get into trouble.可知社区剧院在许多方面给社区带来利益。应当选 C。44.Which of the followings is closest in meaning to the underlined word“infuse in Para.3?A.get rid of B.fill with C.cut down D.full of【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。A。摆脱，除去；B。充入，装满；C.削减，砍倒，删节；D。装满。由上下文可知，它们想灌输一点文化到当地公民的生活中。45.We can infer from the last paragraph that _.A.some professional actors may come from the community theatres B.community theatres only charge for incidental expenses C.community theatres have lost their attraction today D.people can live by acting in the community theatres【答案】A 【解析】判断推理题。由“for those who desire strongly to become professional actors and to one day get a chance to act in a national theatre production,it