短文改错考点1名词的数与格的误用.ppt

名词名词的的数数与与格格的的误用误用考点考点1 1：真题再练真题再练1.(2015新课标卷新课标卷I)The airs we breathe in isgetting dirtier and dirtier.因因air是不可数名词，没有复数形式。是不可数名词，没有复数形式。air2.(2014新课标卷新课标卷I)Since thenfor all these yearwe have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.因因these后应接可数名词复数。后应接可数名词复数。years3.(2013新课标卷新课标卷I)He was tall,with broad shoulder and a beard that turned from black to gray over the years.肩有左肩和右肩，通常用复数。肩有左肩和右肩，通常用复数。shoulders4.(2012新课标卷新课标卷)From the time I was about four until I was about six,I destroyed each of my toy.因因each of后接可数名词复数。后接可数名词复数。toys5.(2011新课标卷新课标卷)It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.因因luggage或或baggage(行李行李)是不可数名是不可数名词，没有复数形式。词，没有复数形式。luggage6.(2011新课标卷新课标卷)When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes.指到达指到达“我朋友的家我朋友的家”，而，而my friends home中中home可省略。可省略。friends7.(2015新课标卷新课标卷II)One day,little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.he turned around and found that his parents were missing.由下文的由下文的his parents were missing可知可知parent要用复数。要用复数。parents8.(2014新课标卷新课标卷II)For example,we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.可数名词只要数量大于一就要用复数，可数名词只要数量大于一就要用复数，“一一个半小时个半小时”大于大于“一小时一小时”，故第一个，故第一个hour用复数。用复数。hours9.(2013新课标卷新课标卷II)When tea got popular in Britain,there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits.“迫切需要符合英国人习惯的有手柄的杯迫切需要符合英国人习惯的有手柄的杯子子”，用可数名词复数表示这一类东西，用可数名词复数表示这一类东西，事实上事实上handles也提醒我们用复数。也提醒我们用复数。cups思路点拨思路点拨1.依据可数名词与不可数名词的用法特点。依据可数名词与不可数名词的用法特点。可数名词大于一时要用复数，不可数名词可数名词大于一时要用复数，不可数名词一般没有复数形式。如一般没有复数形式。如air,milk,water等物等物质名词与质名词与music,advice,fun等抽象名词是等抽象名词是不可数名词，一般是没有复数形式的。还不可数名词，一般是没有复数形式的。还有有luggage,furniture,equipment等都是容等都是容易出错的不可数名词。易出错的不可数名词。2.依据名词前的修饰语。依据名词前的修饰语。如名词前有如名词前有these,those,ten等修饰时，应当用复数。如真题等修饰时，应当用复数。如真题再练再练2，these year就错了，要用就错了，要用these years才正确。才正确。3.依据主谓一致原则。依据主谓一致原则。如果谓语动词是复数，如果谓语动词是复数，主语也应是复数；如果谓语动词是单数，主语主语也应是复数；如果谓语动词是单数，主语也应是单数。如真题再练也应是单数。如真题再练1，谓语是，谓语是is getting，而主语是，而主语是airs，可知这里一定有问题。，可知这里一定有问题。4.依据上下文信息。依据上下文信息。如真题再练如真题再练7，Tony went to a shopping center with his parent，汤姆是同他的父亲或母亲，还是，汤姆是同他的父亲或母亲，还是同他父母一起去商场？下文同他父母一起去商场？下文his parents were missing告诉我们，是同父母一起去告诉我们，是同父母一起去的，故的，故parent应用复数。应用复数。5.依据生活常识。依据生活常识。如真题再练如真题再练3，一个，一个人的肩膀是有左有右的，应当用复数。如果人的肩膀是有左有右的，应当用复数。如果没有这个常识就无法正确指出没有这个常识就无法正确指出with broad shoulder这一错误。这一错误。6.依据逻辑意义。依据逻辑意义。如真题再练如真题再练6，“当当我最终到达朋友时我最终到达朋友时”，“到达朋友到达朋友”怎么讲怎么讲得通呢？这里一定有问题，应当是得通呢？这里一定有问题，应当是“到达朋到达朋友的家友的家”才通顺。才通顺。考点归纳考点归纳 名词是短文改错的必考点，名词是短文改错的必考点，5年年8套题中套题中无一例外。主要考查名词的无一例外。主要考查名词的“数数”与与“格格”，具体有，具体有3点：点：1.不可数名词没有复数，文中却用了复数。不可数名词没有复数，文中却用了复数。如真题再练第如真题再练第1题和第题和第5题。要牢记常见题。要牢记常见的不可数名词，如：的不可数名词，如：fun,advice,information,work(工作工作),homework,housework,progress,luggage,furniture,equipment,money等。等。2.可数名词该用复数时，文中却用了单数。可数名词该用复数时，文中却用了单数。如真题再练第如真题再练第2、3、4、7、8、9题。题。显然，这是考查的重点。要注意可数名词显然，这是考查的重点。要注意可数名词前有前有these,those,several,few,many,a large number of,each of,one of,或大于或大于1的的数词修饰时，以及虽无这些词但根据语境数词修饰时，以及虽无这些词但根据语境其意义大于其意义大于1时，一定要用复数形式。时，一定要用复数形式。3.表示表示“某人的某人的”本应用名词的所有格，文本应用名词的所有格，文中却没用。如真题再练第中却没用。如真题再练第6题。注意，题。注意，以下情况中，名词所有格后的名词可省略：以下情况中，名词所有格后的名词可省略：a butchers(shop)肉铺，肉铺，a tailors(shop)裁裁缝店，缝店，a barbers(shop)理发店，理发店，a doctors(office)诊所，诊所，my sisters(home)我姐姐家，我姐姐家，其中其中shop,office,home等表示处所的词都可等表示处所的词都可以省略，直接用名词所有格表示。以省略，直接用名词所有格表示。考点练透考点练透1.(2010新课标卷新课标卷)he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees.因是一箱金色的球，不止一个，故用因是一箱金色的球，不止一个，故用复数。复数。balls2.(2009新课标卷新课标卷)There are two girls from my course here and I plan to makefriend with them so that we can help each other with the course work.表示表示“与某人交朋友与某人交朋友”用短语用短语make friends with，friend应用复数。应用复数。friends3.(2008新课标卷新课标卷)More than 1 000 painting will be on show 因因painting(油画油画)是可数名词，由是可数名词，由1000可知用复数。可知用复数。paintings4.(2007新课标卷新课标卷)We listened to my CDs together and soon became best friend.两个人成为最好的朋友两个人成为最好的朋友,friend要用复数要用复数形式。形式。friends5.(2012大纲卷大纲卷II)Water is important.We,as well as animal,cannot live without water用复数名词表示泛指。用复数名词表示泛指。animals6.(2011大纲卷大纲卷I)One of my unforgettable memory of my school in Xinjiang is that of lunches we brought from our homes.因因one of后面的名词要用复数形式。后面的名词要用复数形式。memories7.(2011大纲卷大纲卷II)My brother was so fond of the museums there that he begged my parents to stay another couple of day.表示再待表示再待“几天几天”，故，故day用复数。用复数。days8.(2010大纲卷大纲卷II)Christie was one of my best friend at high school.在在one of后必定用名词复数。后必定用名词复数。friends9.(2009大纲卷大纲卷II)I stayed there for one and a half hour and made sure that the girl was all right.hour是可数名词，数量大于一就要用复是可数名词，数量大于一就要用复数，数，“一个半一个半”小时大于小时大于“一一”小时了，小时了，故用复数。故用复数。hours10.(2008大纲卷大纲卷I)Id like to stay there for half a month,visiting place of interest andpracticing my English as well.不止一处名胜，故用复数。不止一处名胜，故用复数。places11.(2007大纲卷大纲卷II)It will be lots of fun practicing out in the playground in the afternoon with the tree around us all redand yellow and everybody laughing and shouting.由后面的由后面的all可知，不止一棵树，故用复数。可知，不止一棵树，故用复数。trees12.(2013大纲卷大纲卷)In my family,there are three peoples.表示表示“人人”,people本身就是复数。本身就是复数。people13.(2013大纲卷大纲卷)At home,my father often thinks Im silly.He says if I decide to do something,it takes him much times to stop me.因因time表示时间是不可数名词。表示时间是不可数名词。time14.(2010大纲卷大纲卷I)He agreed to read my story and give me some advices on how to write like a real writer.因因advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式。是不可数名词，没有复数形式。advice15.(2008大纲卷大纲卷II)Third,since I am familiar with Beijing,I can help visitors find their ways in the city.因因way作作“线路线路”解时，通常用单数。如解时，通常用单数。如find ones way home找到回家的路，找到回家的路，tell sb.the way为某人指路，为某人指路，ask the way问路。问路。way16.(2007大纲卷大纲卷I)I looked at his other hands.“But Grandpa,why do you havemore lines on that one?”由常识可知，人有两只手，此处指另由常识可知，人有两只手，此处指另外一只手，不可能是另外多只手。外一只手，不可能是另外多只手。hand17.(2007新课标卷新课标卷)I first met Li Ming at a friend birthday party five years ago.在在birthday前作定语，用名词的所有前作定语，用名词的所有格，指在格，指在“朋友的朋友的”生日聚会上。生日聚会上。friendsTHANK YOU!