it-is-that强调句型的讲解课件.ppt

强调句强调句EmphaticSentence 强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式 1.用助动词用助动词“do（doesdid）动词原）动词原形形”来表示强调：来表示强调：He does know the place well Do write to me when you get there 2.用形容词用形容词very，only，single，such等修等修饰名词或形容词来加强语气：饰名词或形容词来加强语气：1.Thatstheverytextbookweusedlastterm.2.YouaretheonlypersonherewhocanspeakChinese.3.Notasinglepersonhasbeenintheshopthismorning.4.Howdareyoubuysuchexpensivejewels?3.用用ever，never，very，just等副词进行等副词进行强调：强调：1.Whyeverdidyoudoso？2.Heneversaidawordthewholeday3.Youvegottobevery,verycareful4.ThisisexactlywhatIwanted 4.用用in the world，on earth，at all等介词等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）：Whereintheworldcouldhebe？Whatonearthisit？Doyouknowatall？5.用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：话人的情感：Howinterestingthestoryis！Oh,whatalie！6.用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被用倒装句（也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：强调的部分置于句首）来加强语气：Onthetableweresomeflowers.(强调地点强调地点)ManyatimehaveIclimbedthathill多次多次Onlyinthisway,canwesolvethisproblemItwastenoclockwhenwegothomelastnight.Itwasattenoclockthatwegothomelastnight.ItistwomonthssinceIsmoked.ItissixyearssinceIworkedhere.思考：以上两组句子有什么不同，分别是什么意思？思考：以上两组句子有什么不同，分别是什么意思？7.It is/was that/who用来强调一个句用来强调一个句子中除谓语以外的任何句子成分。子中除谓语以外的任何句子成分。Iboughtthiscarinthatshoplastmonth.(原始句原始句)1.ItwasIwho/thatboughtthiscarinthatshoplastmonth.(强调主语)2.ItwasthiscarthatIboughtinthatshoplastmonth.(强调宾语)3.ItwasinthatshopthatIboughtthiscarlastmonth.(强调地点状语)4.ItwaslastmonththatIboughtthiscarinthatshop.(强调时间状语)强调句型 It is/was.who/that.强调句型的用法强调句型的用法 在英语中，我们常用在英语中，我们常用It iswas who/that结构来突出强调句结构来突出强调句子的某一成分子的某一成分(一般是句子中主语，宾语或状语一般是句子中主语，宾语或状语)。It没有词汇意没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调的成分义，只是引出被强调的成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用who或或that来连接都可以。来连接都可以。如果是其它成分，如果是其它成分，则一律用则一律用that来连接来连接。Itismymotherwhothatcookseveryday.ItwasyesterdaythatTompassedinthemathsexam注意注意1被强调成分是主语，被强调成分是主语，whothat之后的谓语动词应该之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与原句中的主语保持一致。在人称和数上与原句中的主语保持一致。e.g.ItisIwhoamrightItishewhoiswrongItisthestudentswhoarelovely2.即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语，地点状语，原即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语，地点状语，原因状语等，也不能用因状语等，也不能用when，where,because，要用，要用 that e.g.ItwasafterthewarwasoverthatEinsteinwasabletocomebacktohisresearchworkagain.ItwasinfrontofthebankthattheoldladywasrobbedItwasbecauseoftheheavyrainthathecamelate3.如果被强调的成分有同位语，同位语也应提前。如果被强调的成分有同位语，同位语也应提前。Itwasfromhim，hischemistryteacher，thatPaullearnedtowatchcarefullyinclass4被强调成分是被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格，作主语的代词，用主格，是是作宾语作宾语的代词，用宾格。的代词，用宾格。Itwashethathelpedmeyesterday.ItwashimthatIhelpedyesterday.2.Isit_whowantstoseeyou?A.himB.heC.hisD.himself1.Itwas_whorespectedalltheirteachers.A.themB.theirC.theyD.themselves3.-WhatisMary?-Wasit_thatyouwerereferredto?A.heB.sheC.herD.they1.It_MikeandMarywhohelpedtheoldmanseveraldaysago.A.wasB.areC.wereD.hadbeen2.It_atChristmasthatJohnSmithgaveMaryahandbag.A.musthaveB.willbeC.mighthavebeenD.mayhavehad注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性 5.被强调部分既包括人又包括物，用被强调部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用不用wholtwasthethingsandpeoplethattheyrememberedthattheyweretalkingabout三、强调句型的疑问句形式、三、强调句型的疑问句形式、其一般疑问句形式是：IsWasit+被强调成分+whothatIsitMr.SmithwhoteachesyouEnglish?其特殊疑问句形式是：疑问词+iswas+it+that.Whywasitthatyoudidnotattendthemeetingyesterday?Whenwasitthatthistrafficaccidenthappen?WherewasitthatyouputmyEnglishdictionary?-Was_thatIsawlastnightattheconcert?-No,itwasnt.A.ityouB.notyouC.youD.thatyourself-WasntitDrWangwhospoketoyoujustnow?-_.A.Ididntknowhewas.B.Yes,itwas.C.No,hewasnt.D.Yes,hedid.Ireallydontknow_Ihadmymoneystolen.AwhereisitthatBwhenitisthatCwhereitwasthatDitwaswherethatNancysawyoursisterinTokyolastweek.ItwasNancywhosawyoursisterinTokyolastweek.Itwasyour sisterwhomNancysawinTokyolastweek.Itwasin TokyothatNancysawyoursisterlastweek.Itwas last week thatNancysawyoursisterinTokyo.四、区分定语从句和强调句型.某些定语从句和强调句型形式差不多，容易混淆。如果去掉itiswas.that句子仍然通顺成立，则为强调句型，不成立不通顺，则为定语从句。e.g.ItwasthreeyearsagothathewenttoAmericaforafurtherstudy.去掉Itwasthat句子为ThreeyearsagohewenttoAmericaforafurtherstudy句子通顺，意思完整，那么，这就是一个强调句型。Ex:把下列句子改为强调句：把下列句子改为强调句：1.Petersawhis friendin the parkyesterday.2.Ididntreceivemyletteruntilyesterday.4.Didithappenin 1980?5.WhydoeseveryonethinkImnarrow-minded?1.Petersawhis friendin the parkyesterday.ItwasPeterwhosawhisfriendintheparkyesterday.ItwashisfriendwhomPetersawintheparkyesterday.ItwasintheparkthatPetersawhisfriendyesterday.ItwasyesterdaythatPetersawhisfriendinthepark.2.Ididntreceivemyletteruntilyesterday?ItwasntuntilyesterdaythatIreceivedmyletter.4.Didithappenin 1980?Wasitin1980thatithappened?5.WhydoeseveryonethinkImnarrow-minded?WhyisitthateveryonethinksImnarrow-minded?有些否定句也可以改成这种强调结构：有些否定句也可以改成这种强调结构：Ididnthearfromheruntillastsummer.ItwasntuntillastsummerthatIheardfromher.Ididntdoallthisformyself.ItwasntformyselfthatIdidallthis.问句也可变成这种结构：问句也可变成这种结构：Whocalledhim“comrade”?Whowasitthatcalledhim“comrade”?Howdidyouforgettolockthedoor?Howwasitthatyouforgottolockthedoor?Attention：1.强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数，其中is既可强调现在的情况，也可强调过去的情况，was只能强调过去的情况。例如：Itis/wasyesterdaythatImetyourfatherinthestreet.2.不管被强调部分是哪种状语，只能用that连接，不得使用where,when等连词。ItwasinthestreetthatImetyourfatheryesterday.3.被强调部分为人时，可用who（主格或宾格）和whom（宾格）代替that，用that也可以。Itwasyourfatherthat/whom/whoImetinthestreetyesterday.强调句中也要注意主谓一致、人称一致的问题。强调句中也要注意主谓一致、人称一致的问题。Itistheywhoareourfriends.Itwasnotuntiltenoclockthatwegothomelastnight.注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。Itis/was-that-为强调句标志，去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子。Itwastenoclockwhenwegothomelastnight.Itwasattenoclockthatwegothomelastnight.区分定语从句和强调句型.某些定语从句和强调句型形式差不多，容易混淆。如果去掉itiswas.that句子仍然通顺成立，则为强调句型，不成立不通顺，则为定语从句。e.g.ItwasthreeyearsagothathewenttoAmericaforafurtherstudy.Itwasinthehousehewasborn.区分强调句和定语从句Itwasthehousehewasborn.Itwasatmidnighthegotsick.Itwasmidnighthegotsick.thatwherethatwhen区分方法：将“It was that(when/where)”结构去掉：如若还能成完整的句子，则为强调句；如若不能成完整的句子，则为定语从句。强调句型与主语从句的区别强调句型与主语从句的区别ItwasinthelabthatwastakenchargebyProfessorHarristhattheydidtheexperiment.（=TheydidtheexperimentinthelabthatwastakenchargebyProfessorHarris.）Itiscertainthatheishonestandmodest.ItisknowntoallthatpaperwasmadefirstinChina.如果是时间段，则看从句发生的动作在该 时间段之前还是之后，之前则选since，在 之后则选before；或就如下句型进行记忆：It is+时间段时间段+sinceSince 从句是瞬间动词从句是瞬间动词:“自从自从以来以来 多长时间多长时间”Since 从句是延续动词从句是延续动词:“自从自从不以来不以来 多长时间多长时间”ItissixyearssinceIjoinedthearmy.Itistwomonthssincehesmoked.延伸句型延伸句型Itisthefirst/secondtime(+that)IhaveItwasthefirst/secondtime(+that)Ihad此句型中time(次)前常用序数词,that从句用完成时态eg.ItisthefirsttimethatIhavefinishedhomeworkonmyown.It+be+(high)time+that(should)+do/did要用虚拟语气,“该做某事了”eg.Itishightimethatyouwenthome.Itwashightimethatsheshouldgotobed.It will be/is+时间段时间段+before “再过多久某事才发生再过多久某事才发生”It was+时间段时间段+before “过了多久才发生某事过了多久才发生某事”eg.It is 6 years since I began to learn English.It is 5 years since I worked in the factory.Itll be two years before the project is completed.It was half a month before the project got started.1.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently_Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so2.Itwasabout600yearsago_thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when3.Itwasmidnight_myfathercamebackfromwork.A.whenB.whileC.beforeD.that4.Itllbemanyyears_thechemicalsstarttoescapefromthecontainers.A.sinceB.thatC.whenD.beforeBAADItwasOct.1,1949newchinacameintobeing.Itwasnotuntillastnighthemadeuphismind.ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.ItistimeyouleftforBeijing.Itwastenmonthshedesignedthebridge.whenthatthatbeforethat