动词过去分词作定语和表语优秀PPT.ppt

动词过去分词作定语和表动词过去分词作定语和表语语第1页，本讲稿共36页Task oneLook at the following story and find the usage of past participle(“-ed”)第2页，本讲稿共36页StorylA boy called Tom went to the cinema one night.It was a horror film,but he was interested in it.Sometimes he felt excited,sometimes he felt frightened.After the film,the tired boy came back home.Once home,the exhausted boy第3页，本讲稿共36页Key pointsl“-ed”can be used as _ and be put before or after the noun that it modifies.eg.tired/exhausted/excited boy a boy called Toml“ed”can also be put after the link-verbs(be,feel,become,get,seem)and used as _.eg.be interested in feel excited/frightenedattributepredicative第4页，本讲稿共36页Task twoCan you find out the position of“ed”used as attribute from these examples?linjured fingers 一个受伤的手指一个受伤的手指 a finger injured in the accidentlspoken English 英语口语英语口语 a language spoken by many peoplelwritten exercises 书面练习书面练习 a book written by Lu Xun第5页，本讲稿共36页Key pointslSingle“-ed”word is usually used _ the noun it modifies.l单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之前。前。l“-ed”phrase is usually used _the noun it modifies.l过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之后。后。afterbefore第6页，本讲稿共36页Task three Please find more examples in the reading passage of each usage.第7页，本讲稿共36页AttributelSo many thousands of terrified people died lsoon the affected person died.lHe immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street lthat polluted water carried the virus.lhelp ordinary people exposed to cholera.lHe found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.第8页，本讲稿共36页PredicativelBut he became inspired when he thought about help ordinary people exposed to cholera.lHe became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.lHe was determined to find out why.第9页，本讲稿共36页过去分词作定语和表语总结过去分词作定语和表语总结第10页，本讲稿共36页一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语1.1.单单个个的的过过去去分分词词作作定定语语时时一一般般兼兼有有被被动动和和完完成成的的意义，常作前置定语意义，常作前置定语(preposed attribute)。eg.terrified people 受到惊吓的人们受到惊吓的人们 polluted water 被污染的水被污染的水 a closed door 关闭的门关闭的门注意注意：-ed作前置定语时，有时只有被动意义。作前置定语时，有时只有被动意义。eg.spoken English 英语口语英语口语 written exercises 书面练习书面练习第11页，本讲稿共36页一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语少少数数表表示示位位移移或或状状态态改改变变的的不不及及物物动动词词的的过过去去分词做前置定语时只有完成的意义分词做前置定语时只有完成的意义 fallen leaves 落叶落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳升起来的太阳 the developed countries 发达国家发达国家 a returned student 一名留学生一名留学生 a retired teacher 一名退休教师一名退休教师第12页，本讲稿共36页一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语2.2.过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成意义过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成意义。eg.The books written by Lu Xun are popular鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water.他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。第13页，本讲稿共36页一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语3.过去分词可作非限制性定语，相当于省过去分词可作非限制性定语，相当于省略式的定语从句。略式的定语从句。e.g The books,(which were)written by Lu Xun,were very popular.The bridge,(which was)built in 1999,is very beautiful.第14页，本讲稿共36页现在分词和过去分词做定现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别语的区别l现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。l现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示状态或完成。现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示状态或完成。boiling water 正在烧正在烧(煮沸煮沸)的水的水 boiled water 已煮沸的水已煮沸的水 developing countries 发展中国家发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家发达国家 falling leaves 落叶落叶(正在进行正在进行)fallen leaves 落叶落叶(已经完成已经完成)第15页，本讲稿共36页现在分词和过去分词做定现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别语的区别The boy killing the dog is her brother.The boy killed by the man is her brother.第16页，本讲稿共36页考题练练看考题练练看1.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.,did not include women players until 1912.A.first played B.to be first played C.first playing D.to be first playing解析：解析：A first played in 776B.C.=which was first played in 776 B.C.现在分词作定语表示动作现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生正在发生，与修饰，与修饰词是词是主谓关系主谓关系。不定式作定语表示不定式作定语表示将要发生将要发生的动作。的动作。第17页，本讲稿共36页考题练练看考题练练看2.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited 解析：解析：A 考查过去分词作后置定语，与所修考查过去分词作后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。饰的名词之间是被动关系。第18页，本讲稿共36页考题练练看考题练练看3.Dont use words,expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge.A.being known B.having been known C.to be known D.known解析：解析：D第19页，本讲稿共36页考题练练看考题练练看4.I dont know the girl _ in the snow storm.A.to catch B.caught C.catching D.to be catching 解析：解析：B 小女孩被困在暴风雪中，所以应小女孩被困在暴风雪中，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。用过去分词作后置定语。第20页，本讲稿共36页二、二、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语1.1.过去分词作表语，表示主语的过去分词作表语，表示主语的感受感受或或所处的状态。所处的状态。No wonder he was so excited.l可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：delighted,disappointed,upset,astonished,excited,frightened,interested,puzzled,exhausted,satisfied,inspired,surprised,pleased第21页，本讲稿共36页二、二、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语2.许多动词的过去分词已经被当许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如：作形容词使用。如：broken,disappointed,excited,moved,puzzled,pleased,surprised,lost等。等。第22页，本讲稿共36页 过去分词作表语与被过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别动语态的区别l-ed作表语主要表示动作的作表语主要表示动作的完成完成和和状态状态，相当于一个形容词；，相当于一个形容词；l被动语态的过去分词被动语态的过去分词动词动词意味很强意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟跟by短语。短语。The glass is broken.The glass was broken by Tom.第23页，本讲稿共36页过去分词过去分词作表语与作表语与现现在分词在分词作表语的区别作表语的区别l-ing表主动与进行，常用于表示事物的性质，表主动与进行，常用于表示事物的性质，汉语常翻译为汉语常翻译为“(某事某事/物物)使人使人,令人令人”；l-ed 含有被动的意思，经常用于说明人的含有被动的意思，经常用于说明人的感觉，汉语常译为感觉，汉语常译为“(某人某人)感到感到”。eg.What he said was encouraging.We were encouraged at what he said.第24页，本讲稿共36页-ed作表语与作表语与-ing作表语作表语的区别的区别此类词常见的有：此类词常见的有：lsurprising,surprised;exciting,excited;interesting,interested;astonishing,astonished;encouraging,encouraged;disappointing,disappointed;satisfying,satisfied;inspiring,inspired;pleasing,pleased;tiring,tired;boring,bored.第25页，本讲稿共36页考题练练看考题练练看1.Mr.Smith,_ of the _ speech,started to read a novel.A.tired;boring B.tiring;bored C.tired;bored D.tiring;boring 解析：解析：A。第一空应填。第一空应填tired，来源于系表，来源于系表结构结构be tired of；第二空表令人感到枯；第二空表令人感到枯燥的，应填现在分词燥的，应填现在分词boring。第26页，本讲稿共36页考题练练看考题练练看2.Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay 解析：解析：C 该题考查分词作表语的用法该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb by the hour”计时给计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：类似的有：get burnt,get hurt,get wounded.第27页，本讲稿共36页考题练练看考题练练看3.As soon as he entered the city,he _.A.was losing B.got losing C.grew lost D.got lost 解析：解析：D get lost 迷路了迷路了4.What surprised me most was that the leader of that country got _.A.kill B.killing C.killed D.to be killed 解析：解析：C 过去分词表被动过去分词表被动第28页，本讲稿共36页考题练练看考题练练看5.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing.A.seat B.seating C.seated D.to be seating 解析：解析：C。remain seated 为系表结为系表结构，不具有被动色彩。构，不具有被动色彩。第29页，本讲稿共36页考题练练看考题练练看 6.-Im very _ with my own cooking.It looks nice and smells delicious.-Mm.It does have a _ smell.A.pleasant;pleased B.pleased;pleased C.pleasant;pleasant D.pleased;pleasant 解析：解析：D。pleased，满意的；，满意的；pleasant，令人愉快的。，令人愉快的。第30页，本讲稿共36页Task fourlComplete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.Preposed AttributePostpositive Attribute1.terrified people1.people terrified of2.reserved seats2.3.polluted water3.4.a crowded room4.5.a pleased winner5.seats reserved for water polluted by a room crowded with a winner pleased with第31页，本讲稿共36页Task four6.astonished children 7.a broken vase8.a closed door9.the tired audience10.a trapped animal第32页，本讲稿共36页Task five lComplete the sentences using the past participle given to you as the predicative.l1.He got _ about losing the money.l2.The painter looked so _ after working for a whole day.tired blamed infected shocked excited disappointed blamedtired第33页，本讲稿共36页Task fivel3.I was _ with he film I saw last night.I had expected it to be better.l4.Everybody was _ to hear of the death of the famous film star.l5.Everybody is really _ about the new Olympic stadiums(奥运场馆奥运场馆).l6.His wound became _ with a new virus.disappointedshockedexcidedinfected第34页，本讲稿共36页 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直移形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直接修饰物，但它所修饰的事物仍与人接修饰物，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。直接有关。The general stared at him in startled admiration.将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。第35页，本讲稿共36页考题练练看考题练练看1.There was an _ look on his face when the actress appeared.A.excited B.excite C.exciting D.excitement 解析：解析：A 激动的表情应为激动的表情应为excited look，第36页，本讲稿共36页