被动语态精学习.pptx

被打的豆豆被打的豆豆第1页/共47页遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡觉，打豆豆。觉，打豆豆。你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。Doudou is always beaten by someone.第2页/共47页昨天晚上昨天晚上 ，夜黑风高，它又被打了。，夜黑风高，它又被打了。Doudou was beaten yesterday evening.第3页/共47页明天，豆豆还会面临明天，豆豆还会面临N N顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。Tomorrow,Doudou will be beaten several times.第4页/共47页可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。命运一直没有改变。命运一直没有改变。PoorDoudouhasbeenbeatenformanyyears.第5页/共47页我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打 。Our dear doudou is being beaten now.第6页/共47页随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。PoorDoudoumaybebeatenanytime.第7页/共47页语态语态主动语态主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者、发出者：表示主语是动作的执行者、发出者被动语态被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者：表示主语是动作的承受者Catseat fish.（主动语态主动语态）猫吃鱼。）猫吃鱼。Fishis eatenbycats.(被动语态被动语态)鱼被猫吃鱼被猫吃。被动语态被动语态构成构成:be+done（及物动词的过去分词）（及物动词的过去分词）（be动词有人称、数和时态的变化）动词有人称、数和时态的变化）第8页/共47页时 态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时am/is/are being+done过去进行时was/were being+done现在完成时have/has been+done过去完成时had been+done一般将来时will be+done过去将来时would be+done情态动词情态动词+be+done各种时态的被动语态各种时态的被动语态（时态体现在（时态体现在be的变化上）的变化上）am/is/are+donewas/were+done第9页/共47页1.They make shoes in that factory.主主 谓谓 宾宾Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.主主 谓谓 宾宾一般现在时被动结构：一般现在时被动结构：am/is/are+过去分词过去分词Children_inChina.A.istakengoodcareB.havetakengoodcareC.aretakengoodcareofD.musttakecareof第10页/共47页真题演练1.The Olympic Games every four years.A.are held Bwere heldC.are holding Dwill hold2.Today Chinese _ by more and more people around the world.A.was spoken B.is spoken C.spoke D.speak第11页/共47页2.They bought ten computers last year 主主 谓谓 宾宾Ten computers were bought (by them)last year.主主 谓谓 宾宾一般过去时被动结构：一般过去时被动结构：was/were+过去分词过去分词第12页/共47页The bridge_by the peasants themselves in 1980.A was built C has been built B will be built D built 第13页/共47页真题演练真题演练2.Today Chinese _ by more and more people around the world.A.was spoken B.is spoken C.spoke D.speak3.The road _ last year.A.builds B.built C.was built D.is built4.The doctor looked over Peter carefully after he _ to the hospital.A.takes B.is taken C.took D.was taken第14页/共47页7.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.主主 谓谓 宾宾一般将来时被动结构：一般将来时被动结构：will+be+过去分词过去分词主 谓 宾第15页/共47页_the trees _in the park next Saturday?A Willbe planted B Will beplanted C Willplant D Willplanted第16页/共47页真题演练5.A new supermarket _ here next year.Awill buildBbuildCwas built Dwill be built6.When can we get the exam results?They _ to you next Monday.Awill be sentBare sendingCwill send Dare sent第17页/共47页5.We have made twenty keys 主主 谓谓 宾宾Twenty keys have been made by us.主主 谓谓 宾宾现在完成时被动结构：现在完成时被动结构：have/has+been+过去分词过去分词第18页/共47页Great changes _ place.Many new schools_.A.have taken;have been opened B.take;are open C.are taken;open D.have been taken;are opened第19页/共47页3.Some workers are painting the rooms now 主主 谓谓 宾宾The rooms are being painted by some workers now.主主 谓谓 宾宾 现在进行时被动结构：现在进行时被动结构：am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词第20页/共47页 We cant use the bridge now,because it _.A.has been repaired B.is repairing C.is repaired D.is being repaired第21页/共47页9.Tom can take good care of Tina 主主 谓谓 宾宾Tina can be taken good care of by Tom.主主 谓谓 宾宾情态动词变被动：情态动词变被动：情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词第22页/共47页Your exercise books _after class.A Will hand in B must hand in C handed in D must be handed in 第23页/共47页真题演练7.The music is very loud and it can _ from a long way away.A.be heard B.is heard C.hear D.heard8.No food _ in my class.This is a rule.A.can eat B.eats C.is eaten D.can be eaten 第24页/共47页Shewasinterviewingthefamousman 主主 谓谓 宾宾atthistimeyesterday.Thefamousmanwasbeinginterviewedbyher 主主 谓谓 宾宾atthistimeyesterday.过去进行时被动结构：过去进行时被动结构：was/were+being+过去分词过去分词第25页/共47页We had seen this film before you came here.主主 谓谓 宾宾This film had been seen by us before you came here.主主 谓谓 宾宾过去完成时被动结构：过去完成时被动结构：had+been+过去分词过去分词第26页/共47页The workers would build a new school in two weeks.主主 谓谓 宾宾 A new school would be built by the workers in two weeks.主主 谓谓 宾宾 过去将来时被动构成：过去将来时被动构成：would+be+过去分词过去分词第27页/共47页1.IfeelveryhappythatI_tobethehost.Congratulations!A.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosen2.TodayChinese_bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworld.A.wasspokenB.isspokenC.spokeD.speak真题演练真题演练第28页/共47页3.YourhometownhaschangedalotYes.Havealookatthesetallbuildings.They_lastyearA.buildBbuiltC.wasbuiltDwerebuilt4.Whyistheclassroomsodirty?Sorry,sir.It_yesterdayWeforgottodoitA.dontcleanB.didntcleanC.werentcleanedD.wasntcleaned真题演练真题演练第29页/共47页被动语态的用法被动语态的用法1.不知道动作的执行者是谁,或没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者。The window was broken yesterday.窗户昨天被打破了。-Have you heard about that fire in the markrt?-Yes,fortunately on one was hurt.你听说市场里发生的火灾吗？听说了，幸运的是，没有人受伤。第30页/共47页被动语态的用法 2.强调或突出动作的承受者,此时动作的执行者,可用“by+动作执行者(宾格)来表示。The red dress was made by her mother.这条红色裙子是她妈妈做的。New zealand wine is of high quality and ia sold all over the world.新西兰的葡萄酒的品质很高，广销全世界。第31页/共47页3.It+be+过去分词+that从句 表示：据说/据报道/据推测等 It is said that.据说It is reported that.据报道It is supposed that 据推测 It is well known that.众所周知It was reported that he died of SARS.据报道，他死于SARS。4.4.用在科技文献中。用在科技文献中。Cars of this kind were made in the 1980s.这种小汽车是19世纪80年代制造的。被动语态的用法第32页/共47页5.汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如：Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao 魏华是被林涛叫来的。被动语态的用法第33页/共47页1.I open the door.The door is opened by me.2.He helps homeless people.Homeless people are helped by him.3.I handed out some papers just now.Some papers were handed out by me just now.主动语态:主语主语是动作的执行者执行者。被动语态:主语主语是动作的承受者承受者。被动语态结构为：(主动语态)(主动语态)(主动语态)(被动语态)(被动语态)(被动语态)be+过去分词过去分词将下列句子变为被动语态。第34页/共47页1.More money when we used both sides of paper.A.will save B.was save C.has saved D.will be saved2.The lake smells terrible because its water .A.is polluted B.is polluting C.had polluted D.was polluted3.People learn English because it widely in the world.A.is;using B.can;use C.is;used D.dose;use 4.In the old days they in the factory from morning to evening.A.were made to work B.asked to workC.made to work D.were asked for work5.-Do you like reading books?-Yes.Each of us to do more reading in and after class.A.Are encouraged B.encourage C.is encouraged D.is encouraging第35页/共47页 主动”表“被动”常见的情况2 2.有些不及物动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义，表示主有些不及物动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义，表示主语的某种属性特征或功能。如：语的某种属性特征或功能。如：washwash，sellsell，readread，writewrite，openopen，closeclose，cleanclean，等。，等。This pen This pen writeswrites well.well.The shirt The shirt washeswashes well.well.This new book This new book sellssells well.well.1 1.一些感官系动词，如：一些感官系动词，如：look,feel,sound,taste,smelllook,feel,sound,taste,smell等常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：等常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：The red apple The red apple tastestastes delicious.delicious.Her voice Her voice soundssounds beautiful.beautiful.第36页/共47页3.3.有些非谓语动词以主动形式出现，表示被动意义。有些非谓语动词以主动形式出现，表示被动意义。常见的有：常见的有：want,needwant,need（需要）（需要）,require,require（需要）（需要）,deserve,deserve （值得）（值得）,be worth,be worth （值得）等后面，以（值得）等后面，以 V-ing V-ing形式形式主动表被动。主动表被动。如：如：need doing sth=need to be done The room needs/requires The room needs/requires cleaningcleaning.=The room =The room needs/requiresneeds/requires to be clean to be cleane ed d.练习：我的自行车需要修理一下。My bike needs repairing.=My bike needs to be repaired.第37页/共47页betoblame(责备责备),betoseek（寻找）（寻找）,betolet（出租）等。（出租）等。Iamtoblame.Thehouseistolet.be+easy/difficult/hard/heavy/light/dangerous/pleasant/comfortable/interesting/expensive+todoThequestioniseasytoanswer.第38页/共47页4.有些动词，如 cook,bake,print,do等，常用主动结构进行时表被动意义。The book is printing.这本书在印刷中。5.某些介词短语，如under discussion（讨论中）under consideration（考虑之中）,on display（展出）,on sale（出售），等。There are many kinds of postcards are on sale.有很多种明信片在出售。第39页/共47页没有被动语态的动词和词组(1)1、有些及物动词或及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。（have有,cost花费,own拥有,suit适合,hold抓住,fit适合,belong to属于,agree with同意,take part in 加入,wish 希望等）The MP3 costs 500 yuan.这个MP3花了500元。This dictionary belongs to Mike.这本字典时Mike的。第40页/共47页五、没有被动语态的动词和词组(2)2、有些不及物动词的主动形式可以用来表示被动意义。（happen/take place发生,remain剩下,break out爆发,last持续,come out出版,run out用完等）Three questions came up at the meeting.在这次会议上（我们）提出了三个问题。His money is running out.他的钱快用完了。第41页/共47页1.Books of this kind _ well.1.Books of this kind _ well.A.sell B.sells A.sell B.sells C.are sold D.is soldC.are sold D.is sold解析：这种书很好卖，是说明主语内在的性能与特点，解析：这种书很好卖，是说明主语内在的性能与特点，所以应用主动形式表示被动含义；而句子的主语是所以应用主动形式表示被动含义；而句子的主语是booksbooks，谓语动词应用复数形式。故答案选，谓语动词应用复数形式。故答案选A A。第42页/共47页 2.As a result of the serious flood2.As a result of the serious flood，two-thirds of the buildings in the area two-thirds of the buildings in the area _._.A.need repairing A.need repairing B.needs to repairB.needs to repair C.needs repairing C.needs repairingD.need to repairD.need to repair解析：当句子的主语解析：当句子的主语buildingsbuildings是动作承受者是动作承受者时，时，needneed后接后接V-ingV-ing形式或者后接不定式的被动形式或者后接不定式的被动式，故答案选式，故答案选A A。第43页/共47页3.The river smells terrible.People must _ dirty thing into it.A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing 4.This book _ often _from the library.A arent，take away B taken，awayC isnt，taken away D be，taken away5.He _ _(tell)to return his books to the library yesterday.was told第44页/共47页6.People there planted many trees last year.Trees _ _ by people there last year.7.They grow vegetables on the farm.The vegetables _ _on the farmTwere planted are grown第45页/共47页Thanks!第46页/共47页感谢您的观看。第47页/共47页