过去分词作定语和状语解析.pptx

过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则只表示时间上的过去，而没有被动意义。过去分词在句中通常可以作表语、补足语、定语或状语.1.过去分词作定语时，单个分词一般放在名词之前，分词短语必须放在名词之后，这种情况与现在分词作定语时相同。Her job was to take care of the(wounded)soldier.We are doing our(written)exercises.The machine(run by the old worker)is made in Shanghai.第1页/共26页2表示情感的动词的过去分词 一般由表示情感或心理状态的动词转化而来的过去分词作定语时，通常不可以修饰无生命物，有些此类过去分词已经完全形容词化，常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed（失望的），moved（感动的），interested（感兴趣的），touched（被感动的），surprised（感到惊讶的），shocked（震惊的、震撼的），puzzled（迷惑不解的），frightened（受惊吓的）等等。如：a frightened driver a disappointed girl 第2页/共26页3不及物动词的过去分词 一些不及物动词也有过去分词形式，由于不及物动词不可以直接跟宾语，所以不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动语态的意义。如：newly-arrived goods fallen leaves第3页/共26页过去分词作状语:1.表示被动的和完成的动作。e.g.Given more attention,the tree can grow better.2.过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语为主句的主语。Written in French,the letter cannot be understood.Written in French,I cannot understand the letter.信是句子的主语，信被写，符合逻辑，句子正确。I是句子主句，过去分词的逻辑主语默认与句子一致。“我”被写，句子错误第4页/共26页过去分词作状语 1基本特点和形式 过去分词作状语要特别注意其逻辑主语应该和句子的主语保持一致。通常过去分词在句中可以作时间状语、原因状语、方式状语、伴随状语和让步状语等，而且可以与对应的状语从句进行句型转换。1）_ time，hell make a first-class tennis player（北京03）AHaving given BTo give CGiving DGiven 点拨：作条件状语，相当于If he is given time，D第5页/共26页2）MrSmith，_ of the _ speech，started to read a novel（北京春03）Atired；boring Btiring；bored Ctired；bored D tiring；boring 点拨：be tired of的意思是“厌倦”，过去分词短语在句中作原因状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语MrSmith；现在分词boring的意思是“令人厌烦的”，修饰speech。A第6页/共26页2对逻辑主语一致不作要求的过去分词 有些过去分词在使用过程中已经转换成介词或连词，此时作状语已无法从逻辑主语一致来理解，此类过去分词要引起注意。如：_ the general state of his health，it may take him a while to recover from the operation（京皖春2000）AGiven BTo give CGiving DHaving given 点拨：此处的given是介词，意思是“鉴于、考虑到”。第7页/共26页Function-practice(3m)1.The programs _(put)on yesterday evening were really wonderful.2._(send)to the hospital immediately,the wounded soldier was saved.3.Youd better not get the plastic bags and boxes _(burn),for it will give off some harmful gas and pollutants into the air.4.The firefighters are trying their best to rescue all the people _ (trap)in the fire.putSentburnttrapped第8页/共26页5.The little girl was very _ (frighten)at a frightening voice.6.They found the house _(break)into and rang up the police at once.7.The bridge that was _(build)twenty years ago needs repairing.8.If _(give)more time,we could do it better.frightenedbrokenbuiltgiven第9页/共26页高考链接1（MET90）Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa Ainvited Bto invited Cbeing invited Dhas been invited 2（上海春2003）Unless _ to speak，you should remain silent at the conference Ainvited Binviting Cbeing invited Dhaving invited AA第10页/共26页3（上海春2002）When _，the museum will be open to the public next year Acompleted Bcompleting Cbeing completed Dto be completed 4（上海98）If _ the same treatment again，he is sure to get well Agiving Bgive Cgiven Dbeing given 5（上海2000）_ in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States ABeing founded BIt was founded CFounded DFoundingACC第11页/共26页All of us were _ by the _ question _ by a little girl.A.puzzled,puzzling,roseB.puzzling,puzzled,raisedC.puzzled,puzzling,raisedD.Puzzled,puzzled,lifted第12页/共26页 4._ black and blue,the lady couldnt move.A.Beaten B.Beating C.To be beaten D.To beat第13页/共26页 5._ everywhere,the wolves had no where _ themselves.A.Hunting,hiding B.To hunt,to hide C.Hunted,hiding D.Hunted,to hide第14页/共26页 6.The teacher walked to lab,_.A.followed by his students B.his students followed C.and followed by his students D.both A and B 第15页/共26页7.When _ into the warm room,ice soon changes into water.A.heating and taking B.heated,and taking C.heating or taken D.heated or taken第16页/共26页8.Whats the language _ in Germany?A.speaking B.spoken C.be spoken D.to speak第17页/共26页 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1._ from the top of the tower,the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.（陕西2010）A.Seen B.Seeing C.Having seen D.To see 第18页/共26页2.The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if _ regularly,can improve our health.（浙江2010）A.being carried out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out 第19页/共26页3._ twice,the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.（北京2009）A.Being bitten B.Bitten C.Having bitten D.To be bitten 第20页/共26页4.Michaels new house is like a huge palace,_ with his old one.（重庆2009）A.comparing B.compares C.to compare D.compared 第21页/共26页5._ by the advances in technology,many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.（天津2009）A.Being encouraged B.Encouraging C.Encouraged D.Having encouraged 第22页/共26页7._ the right kind of training,these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.（江西2009）A.Giving B.Having given C.To give D.Given 第23页/共26页8._ not to miss the flight at 15:20,the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.（福建2009）A.Reminding B.Reminded C.To remind D.Having reminded 第24页/共26页HomeworkSummarize the rules of past participles used as attributives and adverbials.第25页/共26页感谢您的观看！第26页/共26页