虚拟语气归类记忆精.ppt

虚拟语气归类记忆第1页，本讲稿共28页1.英语动词有三种语气，英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈陈述语气，祈使语气和使语气和虚拟语气.2.2.定义：用来表示说的话定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者或者是是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。气。一、虚拟语气定义一、虚拟语气定义第2页，本讲稿共28页二 分类记忆 1 固定模式，不需区分时间的 可看作是个固定句型来学习，注意should 的有无，是记忆重点第3页，本讲稿共28页1)Its high time+that-should+V.过去时2）Its necessary/strange/natural/important a pity+that-从句中的动词要用虚拟，即从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形动词原形3）表示要求，建议，命令等名词性从句中，表示要求，建议，命令等名词性从句中，从句用从句用(should)+动词原形动词原形(I drop cars.)insist demand requestrequire recommend order propose commandadvisesuggest第4页，本讲稿共28页1).Its high time+that-should+V.过去时你该走了。我们该睡觉了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed.第5页，本讲稿共28页2）Its necessary/strange/natural/important a pity+that-从句中的动词要用虚拟，即从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形动词原形1.It is important that we(should)master a foreign language.2.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.3.Its necessary that we should study hard.第6页，本讲稿共28页3）名词性从句的虚拟语气。名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。1.宾语从句。常见动词：宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：一个坚持：insist两个命令：两个命令：order,command 三个建议：三个建议：advise,suggest,propose五个要求：五个要求：demand,require,request,desire ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词法。即从句中的动词 使用使用should+should+动词原形，动词原形，或者将或者将shouldshould省略。省略。第7页，本讲稿共28页 2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。order,advice,suggestion,proposal,order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desiredemand,request,desireIts suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.第8页，本讲稿共28页二 分类记忆 2 If 引导的条件状语从句中。主句与从句分别通过不同的谓语动词变化形式，体现虚拟。简单说，从句通过时态的反常变化，(即用过去时表示现在/将来，用过去完成时表过去）；主句通过情态动词的过去式+do表现在，情态动词的过去式+have done表过去。学习难点重点：1 从句与主句不同的体现方式，极易混淆；2 注意区分时间第9页，本讲稿共28页1 1、一般条件句中的虚拟语气、一般条件句中的虚拟语气时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句过去过去had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight现在现在助动词助动词 be用用 were 实义动词实义动词 do 用用 did would should +do sthcouldmight将来将来did/were should dowere to dowould should +do sthcouldMight第10页，本讲稿共28页二 分类记忆 3 虚拟语气的体现方法与从句变化相似的虚拟语气的体现方法与从句变化相似的几种特殊结构几种特殊结构：第11页，本讲稿共28页1）wish+宾语从句宾语从句现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时(did/were)过去完成时(had done)would/could/might+V.should2）would rather that-现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时过去时过去完成时第12页，本讲稿共28页3）as if/though+从句从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时4）If only(要是要是就好了就好了)现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时过去时过去完成时If only第13页，本讲稿共28页1）wish+宾语从句宾语从句现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时(did/were)过去完成时(had done)would/could/might+V.shouldI wish I were a bird.(现在现在)I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.(过去过去)We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.(未来未来)第14页，本讲稿共28页2）would rather that-现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：I would rather you paid me now.(现在现在)I would rather you had gone,too.(过去过去)Dont come.I would rather you came tomorrow.(未来未来)过去时过去时过去完成时第15页，本讲稿共28页3）as if/though+从句从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时He looks as if he were drunk.They talked as if they had been friends for years.She loves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems as if it were spring.I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.第16页，本讲稿共28页4）If only(要是要是就好了就好了)If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!第17页，本讲稿共28页二 分类记忆 4 虚拟语气的体现方法与虚拟语气的体现方法与主句变化相似的句变化相似的特殊结构特殊结构-含蓄条件句含蓄条件句：第18页，本讲稿共28页1）含蓄条件句）含蓄条件句 用用without but for（要不是）（要不是）suppose otherwiseor等等构成虚拟构成虚拟代替代替if虚拟条件状虚拟条件状语从句语从句 Without sunlight,peoples life would be different from today.But for your help,I wouldnt have finished the work.But for water,it would be impossible to live in the desert.第19页，本讲稿共28页三、三、虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。If the weather had been finer,the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice,you wouldnt be in the hospital.第20页，本讲稿共28页三、三、虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：2.省省if倒装倒装第21页，本讲稿共28页Summary 一一.should+动词原形动词原形A.suggest 等引导的名词性从句等引导的名词性从句B.It is+adj./n.+that 从句从句二二.从句用过去时从句用过去时Its（high/about)time that sb did sth三三.根据所表示的事实的根据所表示的事实的 时间时间来判断来判断A.would rather 从句从句B.I wish/if onlyC.as if 从句从句D.if 条件句条件句四四.其它其它情态动词情态动词+have done2.动词原形包括主动词原形包括主/被动式被动式1.did sth (与现在与现在将来的事实相反）将来的事实相反）had done sth （与过去的事实相反）（与过去的事实相反）2.did/were 现在现在had done 过去过去would/could/should+do （与将来的事实相反）与将来的事实相反）3.省省if倒装倒装/错综条件句错综条件句/用用but for等词替代等词替代1.注意注意suggest/insist的词义的词义第22页，本讲稿共28页1.The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is rainedB精选习题精选习题2.You didnt let me drive.If we _ in turn,you _ so tired.A.drovedidnt getB.had drivenwouldnt have gotC.drovewouldnt get D.were drivingwouldnt get B第23页，本讲稿共28页 3.If you _ him yesterday,you _ what to do now.A.asked would know B.had asked would have knownC.asked him know D.had asked would know4.What would have happened,_ as far as the river bank?A.Bob had walked farther B.if Bob should walk farther C.had Bob walked farther D.if Bob walked fartherCD第24页，本讲稿共28页5.How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden!(02 上海)A.hasB.hadC.will haveD.had had6.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.(95 N)A.breaksB.has broken C.were broken D.had been brokenBC第25页，本讲稿共28页.7 -Do you mind if I leave the window open?-Well,Id rather you _.A.dont B.didnt C.wont D.mustnt8.Its half past eleven.Its high time _ home.A.well B.wed C.were going D.we wentBD第26页，本讲稿共28页英语是一门全世界广泛应用的语言。英语是一门全世界广泛应用的语言。我们掌握好英语是很有必要的。我们掌握好英语是很有必要的。我希望英语能学得象母语一样好。我希望英语能学得象母语一样好。但这看起来似乎是不可能的。但这看起来似乎是不可能的。你知道吗？我本来可以学好英语的。你知道吗？我本来可以学好英语的。因为有人曾建议我每天背单词，因为有人曾建议我每天背单词，背范文背范文(possible version)，重视语法等等。，重视语法等等。但现在是我后悔的时候了。但现在是我后悔的时候了。我想我要是当初听了这些建议的话，我想我要是当初听了这些建议的话，现在我的英语一定是很不错了。现在我的英语一定是很不错了。要是没有英语该多好啊！要是没有英语该多好啊！如果没有英语，如果没有英语，每天我会更快乐！每天我会更快乐！第27页，本讲稿共28页 English is widely used in the world.It is necessary that senior students master it well.I wish English would be learnt as well as our mother tongue.But it looks as if it isnt possible.Do you know?I could have learnt English well.Because it was suggested that I recite words and possible versions,pay more attention to grammar and so on.But now its time that I regretted it.I think if I had followed these suggestions,my English would be very wonderful now.If only there were no English!Without English I would be happier every day!Possible version:第28页，本讲稿共28页