湖南省长沙市2022年中考英语真题试卷解析版.pdf
湖南省长沙市湖南省长沙市 20222022 年中考英语真题试卷年中考英语真题试卷一、阅读理解（共一、阅读理解（共 1515 小题：每小题小题：每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读理解English Reading SalonEnglish Reading Salon(沙龙）Johnson Library Room 208 Read|Talk|Have free tea Thunday,June 30(7:00 p.m.8:30 p.m)Robinson Crusoe by Daniel DefoeFor more information,you can visit1How long will the salon last?A60 minutes.B90 minutes.C120 minutes.2What can you do for free at the salon?AEat cookies.BHave dinner.CDrink tea.【答案】1B2C【知识点】广告布告类；其他体裁【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了英语阅读沙龙的海报。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含推理判断题、细节理解题，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1推理判断题。根据 7:00 p.m.8:30 p.m，可知沙龙从晚上七点到晚上八点半，共90 分钟，故选 B。2细节理解题。根据 Have free tea.可知在沙龙可以免费喝茶，故选 C。阅读理解LostLostI lost my smartphone at West Park on Loomis Road on Mondaymorning,Oct.27.The photos in it havent been uploaded(上传)to theCloud.They are very important to me.Please call me at 730-8607.posted by Steve LeeFoundFoundA young black dog,cute and friendly,was found in Brooklyn Springson Nov.19.If you know the owner of this dog,please let him/her know ore-mail me at.posted by Dora JonesLostLostMy 11-month-old cat Linda is grey with dark stripes(条纹）on herback.She has brown eyes.She was last seen at Jessicas on Center Streeton May 9.If you see her,please call me at 730-9725.posted by Molly Louis3Who lost a smartphone?ADora Jones.BMolly Louis.CSteve Lee.4Why did Dora post the information?ATo find the dogs owner.BTo find her own dog.CTo buy a black dog.5What do we know about the missing cat Linda?AShe is 10 months old.BShe was last seen on May 9.CShe is all black.【答案】3C4A5B【知识点】广告布告类；其他体裁【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了三则失物招领和寻物启事。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。3细节理解题。根据第一栏 I lost my smartphone at West Park on Loomis Road on Monday morning周一早上，我在鲁米斯路的西公园丢了我的智能手机可知 Steve Lee 丢了手机，故选 C。4细节理解题。根据第二栏 If you know the owner of this dog,please let him/her know or e-mail me at.如果你知道这只狗的主人，请让他/她知道或发电子邮件给我到.可知她发布信息是为了找到狗的主人，故选A。5细节理解题。根据第三栏 She was last seen at Jessicas on Center Street on May 9.她最后一次露面是 5 月 9 日在中心街的杰西卡家。可知她最后一次露面是在五月九号，故选B。阅读理解The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of the great works by Mark Twain.Thebook is so interesting.Even today,it is quite popular among kids.Although I amin my thirties,the book remains one of my favorites.After re-reading the bookrecently,I have learned an important lesson from Tom Sawyer.In our daily lives,we are often given some boring or tiring tasks.Whats inyour mind when your mom tells you to clean the floor?Have you ever wanted tocomplain(抱怨)?I think most people have.Tom Sawyer,however,thought differently when he was given a boring task.One Saturday morning,Aunt Pollytold Tom to paint the fence(篱笆).Toms friend Ben Rogers happened to walk past.Instead of complaining,Tom toldBen that he felt excited about the task.Only one in a thousandmaybe even two thousandboys can do this!Tom said.Toms words made Ben interested in the task.He even gave Tom his apple so that he could have a chance to paintthe fence.If Tom had thought about nothing but complaining,he would have had a bad day painting the fence.This story teaches me a valuable lesson:Complaining is useless.The next time you are given a boring or tiringtask,dont complain.Unlike what happens in the story of Tom Sawyer,it is unlikely that someone will come and do thework for you.However,without complaining,youll feel better and perhaps even do a better job!6Who is the writer of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer?AAunt Polly.BMark Twain.CBen Rogers.7According to the writer,what is most peoples immediate reaction(即时反应)to a boring task?AComplaining about it.BAccepting it.CRefusing it.8What did Aunt Polly ask Tom to do in this text?AVisit Ben.BClean the floor.CPaint the fence.9Why did Tom say the underlined sentence to Ben in Paragraph 3?ATo express his sadness.BTo catch Bens interest.CTo show his anger.10What does the writer learn from Tom Sawyer?AIt is no use complaining.BRefusing is the best choice.CWaiting is the only way out.【答案】6B7A8C9B10A【知识点】人生百味类；记叙文【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了作者通过读汤姆索亚历险记，学到了抱怨是没用的。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。6细节理解题。根据 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of the great works by Mark Twain.汤姆索亚历险记是马克吐温的伟大作品之一。可知作者是马克吐温，故选 B。7细节理解题。根据 Whats in your mind when your mom tells you to clean the floor?Have you ever wanted tocomplain?I think most people have.当你妈妈叫你打扫地板时，你在想什么？你有没有想过抱怨？我想大多数人都有。可知大多数人在面对无聊任务时的反应是抱怨，故选A。8细节理解题。根据 One Saturday morning,Aunt Polly told Tom to paint the fence.一个星期六早上，波莉姨妈叫汤姆把篱笆漆一下。可知姨妈让他把篱笆漆一下，故选C。9细节理解题。根据 Toms words made Ben interested in the task.汤姆的话使本对这项任务感兴趣。可知汤姆是问了让本感兴趣，故选 B。10细节理解题。根据 This story teaches me a valuable lesson:Complaining is useless.这个故事给了我一个宝贵的教训：抱怨是无用的。可知作者学到了抱怨是没用的。故选A。阅读理解Otters(水獭)are cute water animals.These days,keeping otters aspets is getting popular.In Japan,some otter cafs(咖啡馆)are open forbusiness.People can pay to play with the otters there and to take photoswith them.In Indonesia,people go swimming with their pet otters and takefunny videos.These photos and videos posted online have interested morepeople to buy otters as pets.However,these enjoyable photos and videos hide the damage(损害)that the online trade is doing to otters.In fact,wild otters are facing many threatsthreatsthey have long been hunted(猎杀)for their coats in some places,fishermen havebeen killing otters in order to stop them from eating fish and now,the online pet trade has become another big problemfor otters.In the wild,baby otters usually stay with their mothers during their first year of life.According to a report,70%ofthe otters sold online are under one year old.These baby otters have been stolen from their mothers.When they arekept as pets by humans,they do not live full and natural lives.Otters are very social.They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild.Keeping an otter as a pet can make itvery sad and lonely.These animals also need enough space to swim.Their owners bathtubs or pools are nowhere nearas large as the bodies of water in the wild.On the other hand,otters simply dont make good pets.They have a very special fishy smell.If they are keptindoors,they will leave a lot of waste around the house.This would make the smell even more unpleasant.Besides,when otters are unhappy,they will make loud noises and even attack(攻击)people.If a person is hurt by an otter,he orshe needs to go to hospital at once.So,we should stop the otter pet trade and never share photos and videos about themonline.11What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about?AThe ways of buying otters online.BThe advantages of playing with otters.CThe popularity of keeping otters as pets.12What does the underlined word threatsthreats mean in Paragraph 2?A机遇B威胁C选择13What do we know about otters in the wild?AThey live in family groups of up to 15.BThey dont need enough space to swim.CBaby otters never stay with their mothers.14Why dont otters make good pets?a.They may attack people.b.They may make loud noises.c.They have a special fishy smell.d.They need to go to hospital often.Aa,b,cBa,b,dC b,d15What is the writers main purpose of writing the text?ATo tell people the otters living habits.BTo teach people how to keep a pet otter.CTo call on people to stop the otter pet trade【答案】11C12B13A14A15C【知识点】环保类；说明文【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了水獭不能被当做宠物来养的原因，并呼吁大家停止水獭宠物交易。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含段落大意题、词义猜测题、细节理解题、主旨大意题，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。11段落大意题。根据 Otters are cute water animals.These days,keeping otters as pets is getting popular.水獭是可爱的水生动物。现在，养水獭当宠物越来越流行。可知本段主旨是养水獭当宠物很流行，故选C。12词义猜测题。根据 they have long been hunted for their coats in some places，可知一直以来，人们都猎杀水獭来获取皮毛，这是水獭面临的威胁，threat 威胁，故选 B。13细节理解题。根据 Otters are very social.They live in family groups of up to 15 in the wild.水獭很善于交际。在野外，它们的家庭成员多达 15 个。可知在野外，它们的家庭成员多达15 个。故选 A。14细节理解题。根据 They have a very special fishy smell.它们有一种特别的鱼腥味；Besides,when otters areunhappy,they will make loud noises and even attack(攻击)people.此外，当水獭不高兴时，它们会发出很大的噪音，甚至攻击人。可知 a，b，c 正确，故选 A。15主旨大意题。根据全文内容，可知本文主要介绍了水獭不能被当做宠物来养的原因，并呼吁大家停止水獭宠物交易。故选 C。二、任务型阅读二、任务型阅读(共共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1010 分分)阅读下面短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次The human population on Earth grows larger each year.As a result,16.Because of climate change(气候变化),growing more food is becoming even more difficult.When farmers tried to grow more food in the past,they would use farming methods that werent always healthy forthe environment.To solve this problem,17.They spent several years talking to farmers.They wanted tosee what problems farmers were having and how these problems could be solved.18.These special robotsmove around on farms and collect information about crops(庄稼).They can take pictures of plants,track(追踪)eachplants growth and measure(测量)its size.In the past,though farmers did have information about the weather and the earth,they couldnt track each plant.19.By collecting information about plants,the robots can help farmers make predictions(预测)about how their plantswill grow.20.For example,if the robots find out which plants get sick,farmers can quickly throw themaway before they are about to influence nearby plants.With the help of these robots,farmers can take better care of theplants in need.A.But now,with these robots,they canB.This led to the creation of special robotsC.some scientists carried out a research projectD.more and more food needs to be grown in order to feed everyoneE.By studying each plant,the robots can also help farmers grow plants well【答案】16D；17C；18B；19A；20E【知识点】任务型阅读；科普类；记叙文【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了因为气候变化，种植更多的粮食变得困难，但是机器人可以帮助解决这个问题。A.But now,with these robots,they can但是现在，有了这些机器人，他们可以B.This led to the creation of special robots 这导致了特殊机器人的诞生C.some scientists carried out a research project.一些科学家开展了一个研究项目D.more and more food needs to be grown in order to feed everyone为了养活每个人，需要种植越来越多的粮食E.By studying each plant,the robots can also help farmers grow plants well通过研究每种植物，机器人还可以帮助农民种植好植物【点评】考查任务型阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析选项，根据上下文内容进行选择。16根据 The human population on Earth grows larger each year.及 Because of climate change(气候变化),growingmore food is becoming even more difficult.可知此处介绍地球上的人口不断增长的结果，选项D 符合语境，故选D。17根据下文 They spent several years talking to farmers.可知此处介绍一些科学家为了解决问题做的事，选项C符合语境，故选 C。18根据下文 These special robots move around on farms and collect information about crops.可知此处介绍机器人可以帮助解决问题，因此特殊机器人诞生了，选项B 符合语境，故选 B。19根据上文 In the past,though farmers did have information about the weather and the earth,they couldnt trackeach plant.过去，虽然农民确实掌握了天气和地球的信息，但他们无法追踪每一株植物。可知此处是转折关系，应是现在的情况，选项 A 符合语境，故选 A。20根据下文 For example,if the robots find out which plants get sick,farmers can quickly throw them away beforethey are about to influence nearby plants.例如，如果机器人发现哪些植物生病，农民可以在它们即将影响附近的植物之前迅速将其丢弃。可知此处是介绍机器人如何帮助农民，选项E 符合语境，故选 E。三、任务型阅读（共三、任务型阅读（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1010 分）分）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Dear Wang,Great to hear you are coming to the USA!I do hope you can stop by and visit us in the BigApplea popular name for New York City.There are so many things to see and do here.It wouldtake a lifetime to list them all:Chinatown,Wall Street,Central Park,to name only a few.Butknowing you as I do,Id suggest walking through Midtown Manhattan.It is very popular in the USAand just cant be missed!People often say that no visit to New York City is complete without a trip to Broadway!Broadway with its cafes,street performers(表演者)and colorful signs really represents New Yorksloud spirit!As Broadway is the heart of the American theater industry,its at night when it trulycomes alive.Broadway is well-known for its big theaters.They show Shakespeare,modern plays,dance shows or musicals take your pick!With your love of singing and interest in drama(戏剧),Id recommend(推荐)a musical.Its a great and moving experience that Im sure you would love abit like Peking opera!Many musicals are based on classic stories likeLes Miserables or Peter Pan,and they might even inspire(激发)you to read the books,too!My big news is that I am going to China on vacation this winter.I am looking for places ofinterest in China.Can you recommend some to me?See you soon!Lislie21What is New York City also called?22Is Broadway famous for its big theaters?23What are many musicals based on?24When is Leslie going to China on vacation?25Which place of interest in China will you recommend to Leslie?【答案】21The Big Apple.22Yes,it is.23Classic stories(like Les Miserables or Peter Pan).24This winter.25The Summer Palace.(合理即可)【知识点】任务型阅读；旅游观光类；记叙文【解析】【分析】本文是 Lislie 写给中国朋友的信，主要介绍了纽约的景点，尤其是百老汇的剧院。【点评】考查任务型阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。21根据 I do hope you can stop by and visit us in the Big Applea popular name for New York City.可知纽约也叫“大苹果”，故填 The Big Apple.22根据 Broadway is well-known for its big theaters.可知百老汇以大剧院而出名，故填 Yes,it is.23根据 Many musicals are based on classic stories like Les Miserables or Peter Pan，可知很多音乐剧是根据悲惨世界或彼得潘等经典故事改编的，故填Classic stories(like Les Miserables or Peter Pan).24根据 My big news is that I am going to China on vacation this winter.可知她这个冬天要去中国度假，故填This winter.25本题为开放题，答案不唯一，合理即可。比如The Summer Palace.四、完形填空（共四、完形填空（共 1010 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 1515 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I went to Beijing to study Chinese last year.I was26about all the chances to better my language skills,work on the Great Wall,and most of all,eat real Chinese food！I27remember my first jianbing,jiaozi andPeking duck,each of them was amazing in its own way.I knew that real Chinese food would be different from the Chinese food I had eaten in the USA.I couldnt wait totry all the28dishes that came up in my research about Chinese food.One of my favorite turned out to behotpot(火锅).My first-ever hotpot experience in Old Beijing was29.As a first-timer,I was moved by the waiters30and their warmth of welcome.They tried their best to introduce all of the oils and spices(调味香料)to me.Looking around,I found that everyone had their own favorite sauce combinations(酱料组合),ingredients andstyles(食材和风格).Some would carefully31the ingredients into the hotpot one after another.Otherswould impatiently put whole plates into the bubbling(冒泡的)oil.You can learn a lot from the32people eathotpot.When I went back to the USA,I33to prepare a hotpot meal for my family.It allowed me to not onlyshare the culture that I had learned about,but also offer others a chance to34China that I had.It is amazingthat35could bring so much to life!26AsorryBexcitedCtired27AstillBneverChardly28Aheart-breakingBmouth-wateringCtime-saving29AunforgettableBunpleasantCunlucky30AcoldnessBlazinessCfriendliness31AplayBputCwash32AwayBtoolCprice33AhatedBrefusedCdecided34AhelpBbuildCexperience35AjiaoziBhotpotCPeking duck【答案】26B；27A；28B；29A；30C；31B；32A；33C；34C；35B【知识点】日常生活类；记叙文【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了作者在中国吃火锅的经历。【点评】考查完形填空，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析选项，根据上下文内容及语法知识进行选择。26句意：我很高兴有机会提高我的语言技能。sorry 遗憾的；excited 兴奋的；tired 疲惫的。根据“about all thechances to better my language skills”以及全文可知，作者是喜欢中国的，此处需填入一个褒义词，B 选项符合语境。be excited about，对感到兴奋”。故选 B。27句意：我还记得我的第一个煎饼、饺子和北京烤鸭。still 仍然；never 从不；hardly 几乎不。根据“Each ofthem was amazing in its own way”可知，作者仍然记得煎饼、饺子和北京烤鸭。故选A。28句意：我迫不及待地想尝尝我研究中餐时发现的所有令人垂涎的菜肴。heart-breaking 令人心碎的；mouth-watering 令人垂涎的；time-saving 节省时间的。根据“One of my
