高考英语：阅读训练(六).pdf

延长电子产品的使用寿命 导读：比起扔掉旧的、不想要的或坏了的电子产品，修理它们，用它们升级再造新物，既环保又能让人充满成就感。本文讨论如何避免产生电子垃圾，并在回收利用旧物的过程中赚点钱。一、语篇泛读 Have you got any gadgets hanging around your home that you no longer want or use?Between us,we have millions of bits of tech stockpiled in drawers that could be given a new lease of life.Part of the problem for our unloved gadgets is that many become obsolete quickly because their software doesnt get updated.Other items are left unused because theyre broken or theyve become superseded by a fancy new version.Many of these items are electronics,but despite them appearing to be past their sell-by date,they dont need to end up in landfill.There are several ways to make the most of our unwanted gadgets.Recycling is the obvious solution.Materials used to make them can be extracted and reused in other things.As an example,Elisabeth Ratcliffe from the Royal Society of Chemistry told the BBC:“There are about thirty different elements just in a smartphone,and many of them are very rare.”These can be used in touch screens and solar panels.Probably the best antidote to our throwaway culture is to repair our broken tech.This takes patience and skill,which can be learnt at repair clubs and repair cafs free meeting places where youll find tools and materials to help you make any repairs you need.In the UK,the interest in mending our stuff and giving it a new life is reflected by the popularity of a TV series called The Repair Shop,where craftspeople rescue and resurrect items their owners thought were beyond saving.A final option for your discarded gadgets is to upcycle them.You can breathe new life into unwanted stuff by transforming it into valuable pieces or collectable retro items.These could be sold on,meaning you can make some cash from your junk and create much needed space in your home!二、词汇表 stockpile 囤积 a new lease of life 使用寿命延长 obsolete 废弃的，淘汰的 unused 闲置的 superseded 被取代 electronics 电子产品 past(their)sell-by date 不再为人所用（原意：过了保质期）landfill 垃圾填埋场 recycling 回收利用 extracted 被提取 element 部件 antidote 缓解办法，对抗手段 throwaway culture 一次性文化 repair 维修，修复 tool 工具，器具 repair（名词）修理，修补 mend 修理，修补 craftspeople 手艺人，工匠 resurrect 恢复，重新使用 discarded 废弃的，丢弃的 upcycle 升级再造，改造 breathe new life into something 赋予生机，注入活力 transform 使大变样 junk 破烂，垃圾 三、测试与练习 阅读课文并回答问题。1.What often happens to gadgets when their software is not updated?2.Where can you get help with repairing your old gadgets?3.True or false?Upcycling involves fixing your gadgets so you can use them again.4.Which TV program me has proved popular in the UK?5.What is one benefit of selling your unwanted stuff?选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。1.A hot cup of tea is the perfect _ to sleepiness in the morning.breathe new life fancy antidote resurrect 2.I was so angry when my _ new smartphone was stolen.fancy obsolete tech discarded 3.I gave my bike a _ by just oiling the chain and pumping up the tyres!new life lease new lease of life new leasing of life life lease 4.After the rock concert,the field was filled with _ bottles and bags it was a real mess!junk landfill discarded extracted 5.Setting up a website and selling its products online has _ the business.transforming transform transforms transformed 参考答案 阅读课文并回答问题。1.What often happens to gadgets when their software is not updated?They become obsolete.2.Where can you get help with repairing your old gadgets?You can join a repair club or visit a repair caf.3.True or false?Upcycling involves fixing your gadgets so you can use them again.False.Upcycling involves turning items into something different.4.Which TV program me has proved popular in the UK?The Repair Shop has been a popular TV program me in the UK.5.What is one benefit of selling your unwanted stuff?Selling your unwanted stuff makes you money and creates space in your home.选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。1.A hot cup of tea is the perfect antidote to sleepiness in the morning.2.I was so angry when my fancy new smartphone was stolen.3.I gave my bike a new lease of life by just oiling the chain and pumping up the tires!4.After the rock concert,the field was filled with discarded bottles and bags it was a real mess!5.Setting up a website and selling its products online has transformed the business.什么让我们害怕？导读：蜘蛛、飞行、看牙医 这些都是可能让我们感到惧怕的事情。因为无法控制这种恐惧感，久而久之，就产生了恐惧症。本文讨论让人产生恐惧的原因以及应如何控制自己的情绪。一、语篇泛读 What are the things that scare you:snakes,spiders or creepy crawlies?Or maybe you have a fear of heights or visiting the dentist.Although some of us just get scared or a bit nervous about these things,for others it can cause an irrational reaction that cant be controlled something we call a phobia.It occurs when someone develops an exaggerated or unrealistic sense of danger about a situation or object.Sometimes its good to be aware of the possible dangers from things.Our brain alerts us to the risks that might lie ahead,but then we often rationalise the risks and overcome them.Clinical psychologist Warren Mansell told the BBC:“Our fears are hard-wired into our brains we dont need to learn to be afraid of animals like snakes or spiders.”But phobias are stronger than just fears.Warren says:“An area called the amygdala in the brain is recognizing a threat and preparing your body for fight or flight.”With a phobia,your breathing gets quicker,your pulse speeds up,you sweat,theres more glucose in your blood,increasing your energy,and your brain is unable to control these reactions.But where does a phobia come from?Speaking to the BBC,Lauren Rosenberg,a fear and phobia expert,says:“Phobias usually are a copy behaviour from a higher authority,like a parent or teacher,or something you have learnt from your own experience.”Or a trauma from a past event that comes back to haunt you.There are many different complex phobias some people suffer from,such as agoraphobia triggered by being away from home,social anxiety disorder feeling anxious in social situations,and iatrophobia fear of doctors.But how can they be overcome?Cognitive behavioural therapy is one option,where you gradually get used to whatever it is you fear.Lauren Rosenburg says she likes to work with people to clear their subconscious memory and help them breathe.But if you do have a phobia,continually trying to avoid what youre afraid of is likely to make the situation worse,so its a good idea to find help to overcome it.二、词汇表 scare（使）害怕 a fear of 对害怕 irrational 不理智的，荒唐的 sense of danger 危机感 rationalise 合理地解释 overcome 克服，战胜 hard-wired 根植于，天生的 amygdala 杏仁核（产生、识别、调节情绪的脑部组织）threat 威胁，恐吓 fight or flight 战斗或逃跑，或战或退 breathing 呼吸 pulse 脉搏 sweat 出汗，流汗 trauma 精神或心理创伤 haunt 长期困扰，（使）经常苦恼 agoraphobia 恐旷症 trigger 引起，引发（坏事）social anxiety disorder 社交焦虑症，社交焦虑障碍 iatrophobia 医生恐惧症 cognitive behavioural therapy 认知行为疗法 subconscious 潜意识的 三、测试与练习 阅读课文并回答问题。1.What do we normally do to overcome something we might fear?2.How might we develop a phobia?3.When we have a phobia,what happens to our breathing?4.True or false?Social anxiety disorder is a fear of feeling anxious.5.Why should you not continually avoid what youre afraid of?选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。1.My brother cant play football because he has an _ fear of balls.rational hard-wired irrational trauma 2.Bad memories of my school days _ me every time I drive past it.haunting haunted haunt haunts 3.Im still recovering from the _ of being attacked by a dog.trauma scare anxious threaten 4.When threatened by a robber in the street,I didnt know whether _ would kick in.fight or fight flight or flight fight or flight flight and fight 5.My friend has two cats,so when I visited her,it _ my asthma.iatrophobia overcame triggered sweated 参考答案 阅读课文并回答问题。1.What do we normally do to overcome something we might fear?We rationalise the risks and overcome them.2.How might we develop a phobia?A phobia can develop from copying the behaviour from a higher authority,like a parent or teacher.It could be something you have learnt from your own experience,or from a trauma you experienced in the past.3.When we have a phobia,what happens to our breathing?With a phobia,our breathing gets quicker.4.True or false?Social anxiety disorder is a fear of feeling anxious.False.Social anxiety disorder refers to feeling anxious in social situations.5.Why should you not continually avoid what youre afraid of?Because continually trying to avoid what youre afraid of is likely to make the situation worse.选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。1.My brother cant play football because he has an irrational fear of balls.2.Bad memories of my school days haunt me every time I drive past it.3.Im still recovering from the trauma of being attacked by a dog.4.When threatened by a robber in the street,I didnt know whether fight or flight would kick in.5.My friend has two cats,so when I visited her,it triggered my asthma.狗不只是一种短暂的爱 导读：新冠肺炎疫情期间，很多人在家工作，随之，决定开始养狗的人越来越多。虽然有个能陪伴自己的宠物听起来很美好，但从买狗到到养狗都需重视动物福利，不能只有三分钟热度。本文就此展开讨论。一、语篇泛读 For some people,theres no better companion than mans best friend a dog.This four-legged canine can bring comfort and joy and provide much-needed exercise for you when it needs walkies!This probably explains why dog ownership increased last year because people spent more time at home during the coronavirus pandemic lockdown.It was demand for puppies in particular that saw the biggest increase.Who couldnt resist their playful personalities,adorable eyes,and super-soft coats?However,as demand for a new pooch increased,so did the price tag.Popular breeds,such as Cockapoos and Cocker Spaniels,saw even sharper price increases,and puppies have been selling for 3,000 or more.Animal welfare charities fear that high prices could encourage puppy farming,smuggling or dog theft.And a BBC investigation found some breeders have been selling puppies and kittens on social media sites something charities have called“extremely irresponsible”.But despite some new owners purchasing a dog legally,maybe from a rescue centre or registered breeder,theyve proved to be ill-prepared for life with a new pet,and the pet itself has found it hard to come to terms with life in a new home.Animal behaviourists in the UK have reported a surge in requests to help dogs suffering from fear-aggression after their lives have been turned upside down.Looking to the future,there are concerns about the welfare of these much-loved pets.Ian Atkin,manager of the Oxfordshire Animal Sanctuary in the UK,told the BBC:“At the moment,the dogs are having a great time,but separation anxiety could still surface when people go back to work.”And Claire Calder from the UKs Dogs Trust rescue charity says“the economic situation also means that some people may find they cant afford to look after a dog.”The message is not to buy a puppy in haste and to pick one that fits into your lifestyle.二、词汇表 companion 伴侣 mans best friend 狗 canine 犬 puppy 小狗，幼犬 coat（动物的）皮毛 pooch 狗 breed 品种 Cockapoo 可卡颇犬 Cocker Spaniels 可卡犬 puppy farming 幼犬养殖 smuggling 走私，贩卖 breeder 饲养动物的人 irresponsible 不负责任的 legally 合法地，依法 rescue centre 救援中心 registered 已注册的 pet 宠物 animal behaviourist 动物行为学专家 fear-aggression 害怕受攻击 lives have been turned upside down 生活变得一团糟 separation anxiety 分离焦虑症 三、测试与练习 阅读课文并回答问题。1.Why did dog ownership increase during the coronavirus pandemic?2.What caused the increase in the price of puppies?3.True or False:All new dog owners were totally prepared for their new pets.4.How might going back to work affect the behaviour of a dog?5.Where have some puppies been sold that have caused charities to be concerned?选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。1.He was very _ to drive after drinking alcohol.irresponsible irresponsing irresponsable irresponsed 2.My brother is a good travelling _ we love the same places and have so much fun together.adorable breed companion personality 3.My favourite dog is a sheepdog I love their _.smuggling walkies personalities behaviourists 4.They say dogs are _ and its true:Rover is my best friend!mens best friend mans best friend mens friend mans bestie 5.I am _ for this race I havent done any training.fear-aggression turned upside down ill-prepared haste 参考答案 1.阅读课文并回答问题。1.Why did dog ownership increase during the coronavirus pandemic?Because people were looking for something to give them companionship and exercise.2.What caused the increase in the price of puppies?As demand for a new puppy increased,so did the price tag.3.True or False:All new dog owners were totally prepared for their new pets.False.Some new dog owners were ill-prepared for life with a new pet.4.How might going back to work affect the behavior of a dog?Dogs could suffer from separation anxiety when people go back to work.5.Where have some puppies been sold that have caused charities to be concerned?A BBC investigation found some breeders have been seen selling puppies on social media sites.选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。1.He was very irresponsible to drive after drinking alcohol.2.My brother is a good travelling companion we love the same places and have so much fun together.3.My favorites dog is a sheepdog I love their personalities.4.They say dogs are mans best friend and its true:Rover is my best friend!5.I am ill-prepared for this race I havent done any training.