2023年中考英语时事热点阅读专练热点66寒冷天气的特征及应对(学生版+解析版).pdf

2023 年中考英语时事热点阅读专练 热点 66 寒冷天气的特征及应对 一、阅读理解 1 Winter weather has returned to northern areas of the world.In much of the United States,winter means the return of snow.Snow is a form of frozen water.It contains many groups or very small ice particles called snow crystals（晶体）.These crystals grow from water particles in cold clouds.They usually grow around a piece of dust.All snow crystals have six sides,but they grow in different shapes.The shape depends mainly on the temperature and water levels in the air.The shape of a snow crystal may change from one form to another as the crystal passes through levels of air with different temperatures.Snow contains much less water than rain.About seventy-five centimeters of snow has as much water as two and a half centimeters of rain.Generally,the color of snow and ice appears white.This is because the light we see from the sun is white.Most natural materials take in some sunlight.However,when light travels from air to snow,some light is sent back,or reflected（反射）.Snow crystals have many surfaces to reflect sunlight.It is this light that gives snow its white color.Much of the water we use comes from snow.Melting（融化）snow gives water to rivers and crops.Snowfall helps to protect plants and some wild animals from the cold.Fresh snow is made largely of air which is kept among the snow crystals.Because the air has trouble moving,the movement of heat is greatly reduced.However,snow is responsible for the deaths of hundreds of people in the United States every year.Many people die in traffic accidents on roads that are covered with snow or ice.1.Why is snow dangerous according to the passage?A.People can freeze to death in it.B.It makes roads difficult to drive on.C.It stops people hunting wild animals.D.It makes it difficult for fresh air to move.2.Why does snow appear white?A.Because ice is a white colour.B.Because it has many surfaces.C.Because it reflects sunlight.D.Because clouds are white.3.Why is snow a good thing for plants and wild animals?A.It covers roads with snow and ice.B.Snow creates fresh drinking water.C.It hides them from human beings.D.It keeps them warm in cold weather.4.What is needed for snow to form?A.2 and a half centimeters of rain.B.Levels of air with different temperatures.C.Water particles and dust.D.Cold clouds in the air.2 Different weather makes people feel different.It influences health,intelligence and feelings.August,it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States.People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems in his month.In the northeast and the Middle West,It is very hot at some times and very cold at other times.People in these states have more heart trouble after the weather changes in February or March.The weather can also influence intelligence.For example,in a 1983 report by scientists,the IQs of a group of students were very high when a very strong wind came,but after the strong wind,their IQs were 10%lower.The wind can help people have higher intelligence.Very hot weather,on the other hand,can make it lower.Students in many schools of the United States often get worse on exams in the hot months of the year(July and August).Weather also has a strong influence on peoples feelings.Winter may be a bad time for thin people.They usually feel cold in these months.They might feel unhappy in cold weather.But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer.At about 18C,people become stronger.Low air pressure may make people forgetful.People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low-air-pressure days.There is a good weather for intelligence and health.People feel best at a temperature of about 18C.Are you feeling sad,tired,forgetful;or unhappy today?It may be the weathers problem.5.The underlined word“intelligence”in the passage means“_”in Chinese.A.财富 B.记忆 C.智力 D.生活 6.From the passage,we can learn that people may be ill more often when _.A.the weather is hot and wet.B.the weather changes greatly.C.the weather is warm.D.the weather is always cold.7.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Thin people might feel tired in cold weather.B.Fat people may feel hard at about 18C.C.A person may have a worse memory on high-air-pressure days.D.Students in America often do worse on exams on very hot days.8.The passage most probably comes from _.A.a newspaper B.an advertisement C.a travel magazine D.a storybook 9._ may make people forgetful.A.Low air pressure B.The rain C.The red D.The temperature 3 Are you feeling sad,tired,forgetful or unhappy today?It may be caused by the weather.Weather has a great effect on peoples health,intelligence and feelings.Different weather makes people feel different.In August,it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States.There are usually more patients in the hospitals during this month.Some of them have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems.In February or March,it is very hot sometimes and very cold at other time in the north and the west.People there have heart trouble more often.The weather can influence intelligence.Scientists have discovered that peoples IQ may change in different weather.For example,in a 1983 report by scientists,ones IQ may be very high when a very strong wind comes.It may be 10%below after the strong wind.The wind could improve peoples intelligence.On the other hand,hot weather may make a persons IQ lower.For example,students in many schools of the United States may get worse grades in exams during the hot months of the year.Weather also has a strong influence on peoples feelings.Winter may be a bad time for thin people.They might feel unhappy during cold weather.But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer.Lower air pressure may make people forgetful.Its more possible for people to leave bags on buses or in shops on low air pressure days.Of course,there is“good weather”for work and health.People feel best at a temperature of about 18 C.10.The report in 1983 told us the relation between _.A.weather and IQ B.weather and feeling C.weather and health.11.People may have higher IQ when _ comes.A.a rain B.a strong wind C.low air pressure 12.At a temperature of about 18 C,_.A.people are forgetful B.people feel best C.thin people feel cold 13.Which of the following is TURE according to the passage?A.Hot and cold weather influences all people in the same way.B.IQ never changes when weather changes.C.People may become forgetful on low air pressure days.14.What is the best title for this passage?A.Hot Weather Cause Health Problems B.Different Weather Makes People Feel Bad C.Weather Influences Health,Intelligence and Feelings 4 Updates for Jilin Province Library *Cold wave has been arriving.Jilin Province Library is closed.If the strong wind is lowered before 10：00 am,the library will open at 1：00 pm.Or it will be closed for the whole day.All school visits will be cancelled today.Schools should call the library for new visits.All talks and the book fair today will be put off.Please visit the library website to check the new dates of these events.Closure of Municipal Government Station*Municipal Govemment Station is closed because of the cold wave.Heavy rain and snow caused the railway lines icing in some parts of the station this morning.Trains will not stop at the station.Passengers going to Renmin Avenue can take a bus every 15 minutes outside Exit（出口）D.Passengers please allow more time for your journey.Those going to Nanhuan Road please go to Exits A,B and C.There will be free buses.15.If the strong wind is lowered at _,you can go to the library at 1：00 pm.A.9：00am B.11：30am C.1：00pm D.2：00pm 16.What can schools do to change the visit dates?They can _.A.visit the library website B.call the library C.go to the library when it opens D.go to a book fair 17.Municipal Government Station is closed because _.A.there is ice on the railway lines B.there are strong winds C.there is a train accident D.there are no trains from this station 18.Passengers going to Renmin Avenue can take a bus at _.A.Exit A B.Exit B C.Exit C D.Exit D 19.The article most probably comes from _.A.some stories in a novel B.some instructions on a project C.some information in a subway station D.some announcements on a website 5 Many people take running as a way to keep fit.They like to run in hot weather and enjoy the feeling of being wet through with sweat while running.Cold weather during winter months,with low temperatures and freezing cold winds,may keep many people from running in the open air.However,a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run.In fact,running in cold weather helps improve ones performance.Many runners might find it easier to run in winter than in hot weather.Lower temperatures reduce stress on the body.When you run in cold weather,your heart rate is lower.And the body needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather because dehydration levels are lower in winter than in warmer conditions.John Brewer is a professor of applied sports science at ST.Marys University in London.For this study,he and other researchers put a group of people into a room where summer and winter weather conditions are recreated.The test subjects,were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions and their biological measurements were recorded and studied.From the study,every movement runners make produces heat.The heat can be really damaging unless the body can lose it.One way in which people lose heat is by sweating.The body loses heat through droplets of sweet.The body also loses it by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin and it puts more stress on the heart,particularly in hot conditions because its much harder to lose heat when the outside environment is warm.As the result shows running in hot temperatures results in 6 percent higher heart rates.When running in cold conditions,the body does not have to work hard to pump blood to the skin surface.Therefore,it requires less energy.The most important thing for people who run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing.Keep as dry as possible when exercising in low temperatures.Wear mittens on your hands instead of gloves.Wear more than one layer of clothing to keep sweat away from your skin.So dont let winter weather keep you indoors.Simply get ready for the low temperatures and start running.20.What does the underline word dehydration in Paragraph 3 means the loss of _ from the body.A.water B.heat C.stress D.blood 21.Why did John Brewer make a group of people run in a room?A.It was easier to be reduce stress.B.It was easier to produce heat.C.It was easier to recreate different weather conditions.D.It was easier to record their biological measurements.22.Whats the purpose of the passage?A.To tell people not to run in summer.B.To describe how runners run in winter.C.To encourage people to run outdoors in winter.D.To compare the advantages of running in winter and in summer.6 There are some ways of understanding the weather.One way is to study the clouds.No two clouds are even alike.We can see the different kinds of the clouds and watch them from signs(迹象)of changing weather.To forecast(预测)the weather,there are three things about clouds you should look for-movement,colour,and change.As a rule,the higher the clouds,the better the weather.And the lower the clouds,the worse the weather.Fair-weather cumulus(积云)clouds are another sign of good weather.There are clouds we often see on warm summer days.Clouds can tell you if a storm is on the way.If the stick cumulus clouds get bigger early in the day,then you know it will rain.If a sudden,cool and dark thunder cloud appears,then a storm is coming.Colours in the sky tell us about the weather,too.A golden ring around the moon tell us that a storm is on the way.A watery yellow sunset is a sign that rain may be near.The rainbow has a message,too.The colour of the rainbow come from the sun rays shining through falling rain.If you see the sun in the east and a rainbow in the west,the rain may be coming your way.If the sun in the west and the rainbow is in the east,the rain will be moving away from you.23.When can we often see cumulus clouds?A.On cold winter days.B.On cold rainy days.C.On warm summer days.D.On warm sunny days.24.How many signs of a coming rain or a storm are mentioned(提及)in the passage.A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.D.Seven.25.What is the best title(题目)of this passage?A.Different Kinds of Clouds B.Fine Weather and Bad Weather C.Clouds-signs of Changing Weather D.Ways of Understanding the Weather 二、完型填空 It looks like winter is nearly over.In Beijing,26 is around the corner.But we still have a bit of cold weather left to deal with.However,this doesnt really bother(使.不安)me.27 ,I like cold weather a lot!Its pretty cold in my home state of Michigan in the US.So 28 temperatures are something that Im used to.I think people focus too much on how uncomfortable they 29 when theyre cold.The nice thing about cold weather is that you can always 30 more clothing if you really feel uncomfortable.On the other hand,when its really hot out during summer,you dont have many options(选择)other than to go 31 cool.Id much rather go outside during winter than during summer.Some things 32 winter weather are nice.It can be fresh to feel the cold air on your skin 33 you go out.Annoying(恼人的)insects like mosquitoes(蚊子)34 seen.And on somedays,you might even see some 35 in the air.Its a good time to 36 hot cocoa or tea and go for a long walk.Studies have even 37 that exercising outside during winter is good for you.For one thing,you get 38 sunlight.This is good for your mental health during the short winter days.You also 39 more calories(热量)when you walk in cold weather.There are plenty of 40 and ways to enjoy the colder times of the year.26.A.winter B.autumn C.spring D.summer 27.A.In fact B.At first C.Of course D.As well 28.A.natural B.high C.usual D.low 29.A.choose B.look C.feel D.become 30.A.put on B.turn on C.live on D.try on 31.A.nowhere B.everywhere C.anywhere D.somewhere 32.A.of B.about C.to D.from 33.A.when B.because C.though D.unless 34.A.were B.werent C.are D.arent 35.A.cloud B.wind C.snow D.rain 36.A.drink B.take C.make D.taste 37.A.given B.shown C.told D.solved 38.A.brighter B.darker C.more D.less 39.A.prepare B.burn C.remain D.pay 40.A.ideas B.habits C.plans D.reasons 三、短文汉语提示填空 After a hot day,a cold storm suddenly whipped（席卷）around the top of Mt.Stromboli,a volcano（火山）on an island off the coast of Sicily.The temperature quickly d41.over 60 degrees.Donna O Meara and her husband Steve,didnt dare try to climb d42.the steep slopes（陡峭的斜坡）in the dark.They were stuck（困住）on a narrow ledge（暗礁）.They huddled（拥抱）together,shivering（颤抖）nonstop in the c43.air.Thundering blasts（强劲气流）from the volcano and falling rocks the size of basketballs k44.them awake and fearful.When the sun c45.up,Donna felt cinder（火山灰渣）burns on her face.There were sharp pieces of rock in her hair.Terrible e46.on top of a volcano are usual for Donna O Meara.For over 25 years,she has work