2023年中考英语时事热点阅读专练热点16疫苗接种及其巨大作用(学生版+解析版).pdf

2023 年中考英语时事热点阅读专练 热点 16 疫苗接种及其巨大作用 一、阅读理解 1 Its been over a year since COVID-19 first appeared and the virus continues to be a problem in many parts of the world,scientists have realized the development of vaccines(疫苗)is a solution to the pandemic.A global effort to vaccinate as many people as possible would be needed,since vaccines typically take years to develop.On Dec 2,2020,the first COVID vaccine,the Pfizer vaccine,was approved(批准)by UK health department.However,these vaccines must be stored at very low temperatures,which is not possible everywhere.In response,Chinese companies like Sinopharm and Sinovac have developed vaccines that can be kept at normal temperatures.Now,vaccines are being rolled out all over the world,with millions of people being vaccinated every day.In China,285 million vaccine doses(剂量)had been given so far.Meanwhile,the US has given out 247 million doses.The UK now stands at 50 million doses.Although there have been rumors about vaccines being unsafe,most of people seem to realize the importance of vaccination for building mass immunity(群体免疫)in order to stop the virus from spreading.The world has come to understand that the vaccines will protect us.Therefore,sharing vaccines has become a key factor of staying safe and healthy worldwide.Unfortunately,not everyone can get the vaccine yet.Children below the age of 16 cant be vaccinated because they have not yet been tested on them.Those who have a history of vaccine allergies(过敏)shouldnt get it,either.1.The vaccine developed by _ cannot be stored at normal temperatures.A.UK health department B.Sinopharm C.Sinovac D.Pfizer 2.According to the passage,_ million vaccine doses had been given so far in China.A.50 B.247 C.285 D.582 3.In paragraph 4,the underlined word rumors”probably means _.A.谎言 B.谣言 C.建议 D.骗局 4.The purpose for vaccinating as many people as possible is to _.A.build mass immunity B.share the vaccines C.develop vaccines quickly D.get everyone vaccinated 5.In paragraph 5,the word“they”,in the underlined sentence refers to _.A.children B.companies C.vaccines D.experts 2 Have you gotten vaccinated?This question has become a common way to greet others in China since the country produced a number of COVID-19 vaccines(疫苗)in December last year.China plans to vaccinate 40 percent of its population by June,2021.At the same time,China is also providing vaccines for other countries.It is exporting(出口)COVID-19 vaccines to 28 countries and giving help to 69 countries in need,Xinhua reported.Most of these countries are developing nations,such as Pakistan,Mongolia and Mexico.The leaders of these countries are taking the lead in receiving vaccine shots.They include Indonesian President Joko Widodo and Chilean President Sebastian Pinera.According to the World Bank,to vaccinate(接种)their citizens,small and medium-sized developing nations could have ended up a year behind larger developing nations and developed countries.Some wealthier nations have already stored many vaccine doses(剂)for their own citizens.Some of them have ordered enough vaccines to vaccinate their populations two or three times,The Washington Post reported.For countries that have not yet developed or gotten a vaccine,China may be the only answer,AP noted.China is one of the few nations that can produce vaccines on a large scale(大批量).China joined COVAX in October 2020,a mechanism(机制)organized by the World Health Organization,to make sure that all members get the vaccines in the future.China has decided to offer 10 million vaccines to COVAX,Xinhua reported.6.From Paragraph 2,we know that _.A.some people have questioned the safety of Chinese vaccines B.China has only sent vaccines to nearby Asian countries C.Chinese vaccines have been welcomed in many countries D.China offers vaccines to all other countries for free 7.As for COVID-19 vaccines,small and medium-sized developing nations _.A.have received help from western countries B.have fallen behind in vaccinating their citizens C.have stored enough vaccines for their citizens D.have started to develop their own vaccines 8.What is the correct order for the following events according to the passage?a.China produced COVID-19 vaccines.b.40 percent of Chinese receive vaccine shots.c.Many leaders in less developed countries received vaccine shots.d.China joined COVAX.A.a-d-c-b B.d-a-c-b C.d-a-b-c D.a-d-b-c 9.What can be inferred(推断)from the passage?A.The COVID-19 will oon end.B.Chinese COVID-19 vaccines are cheaper and safer than others.C.China is the only country to develop COVID-19 vaccines.D.China might offer COVID-19 vaccines all over the world.10.Where is the text most probably from?A.A news website.B.A learning website.C.A travel website.D.A geography website.3 Scientists around the world are racing to create and test vaccines（疫苗）to help protect people against the novel coronavirus（新冠病毒）.They are making progress,but it will be quite a while before any vaccines are ready.There are many different ways to make vaccines.At least 115 different vaccines for the novel coronavirus are being developed around the world right now.Many of them may not work or may have side effects that can be dangerous.That is why testing is very important.Before a vaccine is ever tested on humans,its first tested on animals to make sure it seems safe.Testing the vaccine on humans is done in several different phases（阶段）.In Phase 1,a small group of people are given small amounts of the vaccine to see if it has any bad effects.Phase 2 still tests the vaccines safety,but its mainly a test to see if the vaccine seems to work,If Phase 2 goes well,the vaccine can begin Phase 3.During Phase 3,the vaccine is tried on a much larger group of people to see how well it works.Because of the serious and worldwide impact（影响）of the novel coronavirus,there is huge pressure to develop a working vaccine quickly.It normally takes seven or more years to develop a safe vaccine that works well.Now drug companies are hoping to create working vaccines in 12 or 18 months.But health experts also warn that rushing too much could be dangerous.A vaccine with harmful effects could cause more problems than it solves.11.According to the passage,the scientists who are making vaccines are _.A.hard-working and careful B.patient and easy-going C.kind and curious D.caring and brave 12.How long does it take to create working vaccines in the usual way?A.Less than six years.B.More than ten years.C.Twelve to eighteen months.D.About seven years.13.Which of the following is TRUE?A.There are only three phases in testing vaccines.B.Working vaccines must be created in a short time.C.Vaccines have already been developed.D.Rushing too quickly in creating vaccines may bring more problems.14.Whats the best title of the passage?A.Rush for a Vaccine B.Fight against the Disease C.Protect People against the Virus D.Create Working Vaccines 4 During the novel coronavirus outbreak,hospitals all over China have used smart technology to care for patients and make work easier for doctors.The outbreak will help smart healthcare develop faster in China,according to Xinhua.Robots lend a hand Robots are being used to fight the virus.For example,medical workers at the Third Peoples Hospital of Shenzhen are using robots to do routine(常规的)medical tasks.Developed by Chinese AI company UB Tech,these robots can offer medical advice,deliver（递送）medicine and disinfect（消毒）the patients room and other areas.They can also check temperatures.Liu Yue,head of the hospitals fever outpatient services(发热门诊),said the robots have made work much easier.It greatly reduces our burden(负担),and it can also prevent us from missing infected patients,Liu said.Remote(远程的)healthcare services It can be dangerous for medical workers and patients to come into contact with each other.But with remote medical services,doctors at different hospitals can share photos and videos to come up with the best treatment.Chinas three biggest telecom companies(电信公司)are providing hospitals across the country with 5G support.This allows them to transfer(传送)large amounts of data(数据)quickly.For example,on Feb 27,doctors in the cities of Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou used 5G technology to treat a seriously ill 67yearold patient in Wuhan.By diagnosing(诊断)patients remotely,doctors can protect both themselves and their patients.AI makes work more efficient Ask Bob is an AIpowered consultation(咨询)platform.Developed by Ping An Smart Healthcare,it can provide users with information about the virus,help people do medical selfchecks,check their mental health and choose the right face masks.Ping An Smart Healthcare has also developed AI software that can read CT images and provide correct analyses to doctors.This can speed up the diagnostic process and allow doctors to give faster treatment.15.What did robots do during the epidemic？a.They delivered medicines.b.They disinfected the patients room.c.They transferred patients.d.They checked temperatures.A.abc B.abd C.acd D.bcd 16.What happened to the seriously ill 67yearold patient in Wuhan？A.He was treated remotely.B.He was treated by robots.C.He was transferred to Beijing.D.He was not diagnosed with the virus.17.The AI software developed by Ping An Smart Healthcare can help_.A.save treatment costs B.collect and transfer data C.develop a vaccine(疫苗)D.reduce doctors burdens 18.Which of the following statements is WRONG？A.Ask Bob is an AIpowered consultation platform,which is developed by Ping An Smart Healthcare.B.By diagnosing patients remotely,doctors can protect neither themselves nor their patients.C.With remote medical services,doctors at different hospitals can share photos and videos to come up with the best treatment.D.Medical workers at the Third Peoples Hospital of Shenzhen are using robots to do routine medical tasks.19.The story is mainly about _.A.why China was slow to control the epidemic B.how smart technology is developing in China C.how smart technology helps doctors during the outbreak D.which smart technologies are being developed in China 5 China is sharing its experience and lessons in the battle(战斗)of the COVID-19(新冠病毒)and trying its best to provide help to other countries affected by the disease.As the spread of the virus in China has been basically prevented but global infections(全球感染）are greatly increasing.China has sent expert teams to several countries,including Italy,Serbia,Pakistan,Iran,England,France,Germany and Burma,to offer medical help.At the same time,China has provided some medical supplies and protective equipment,such as test boxes,Chinese medicine,breathing machines and masks(口罩)to some foreign countries and regions(地区).China has given away 20 million dollars to the WHO to help the organization to try to stop the spread of virus and help improve the public health of other developing countries.Chinese health departments and experts also have kept in communication with more than 100 countries and regions.During earlier stages of the domestic(国内)outbreak,China received much support from the international society.Now we have passed the most difficult time of the battle.These medical measures have shown that China is a cohesive(凝聚力的)and responsible country that is willing to bring advantages to the world.In the next step,China will deepen international cooperation(合作）on developing drugs and vaccines(疫苗)against the virus and guide foreign medical aid networks in over 50 foreign countries to deal with the disaster of the virus.China also will hold the meeting of G20 health ministers.20.This passage is _.A.a story about virus.B.a speech about health care.C.a news report.D.an international letter.21.Which is the following WRONG according to passage?A.China is trying its best to help other countries to prevent the COVID-19.B.China didnt get any help from the international society.C.The number of the global infections is increasing D.China helps to improve the public health of developing countries.22.From the passage we know China will do things below in the future except _.A.strengthen international cooperation to develop drugs and vaccines.B.guide foreign medical aid networks to deal with the virus.C.keep away from other countries affected by the disease.D hold the meeting of G20 health ministers.23.China has given away 20 million dollars to _.A.USA B.UN C.UK D.WHO 24.According to this article,which is the following RIGHT?A.China is a great country which is responsible for the world.B.China only helps Asia countries against the COVID-19.C.The spread of the virus in China hasnt been basically controlled.D.Chinese experts dont communicate with other countries about the disease.二、完型填空 1 It is a cold and dry winter morning.When you 25 ,you suddenly feel that your throat hurts.You begin to sneeze and later you may cough.You must have a cold!Wait a second.Could it just be a common cold or the flu thats been going around?A cold gives you a runny nose and cough.But its usually easy to 26 with.Some take medicine such as aspirin(阿司匹林)27 others try home treatments like herbal（草药）tea or chicken soup.Usually you feel better after a week.The flu on the other hand can be much more 28 .It usually gives you fever.Sometimes it can be deadly.The worst 29 ,the so-called Spanish Flu of 1918 to 1919,killed about 50 million people.Dont worry.Getting a flu vaccine(流感疫苗)can 30 you from the virus(病毒).Flu vaccines work by giving the body a small amount of flu viruses.This causes our body to develop antibodies(抗体).31 next time you get the flu,the antibodies can help protect you.Unfortunately,the flu virus 32 every few years.Therefore,there are so many types of flu,such as H1N1 and H5N1.The antibodies for one type of flu cant protect us against all types of flu.Thats why we need to get the vaccine every year.However,good health 33 may also help to prevent a cold or flu.Washing your hands often helps protect you from viruses.Getting regular exercise and eating healthy food is also 34 .All these can help you strengthen your immune system(免疫系统).25.A.stand up B.turn up C.give up D.wake up 26.A.agree B.deal C.meet D.start 27.A.because B.after C.until D.while 28.A.interesting B.familiar C.dangerous D.smooth 29.A.cold B.flu C.cough D.fever 30.A.protect B.leave C.recover D.draw 31.A.So B.Unless C.Since D.As 32.A.stops B.changes C.spreads D.kills 33.A.clubs B.customs C.habits D.hobbies 34.A.enjoyable B.important C.well-prepared D.natural 三、阅读回答问题 仔细阅读下文，用完整的句子回答下列问题。回答请勿超出限定字数。Vaccination is among the most effective ways to help us prevent diseases.For viruses that dont change too much-the measles(麻疹)virus,for example-getting vaccinated is a once-and-for-all method to prevent you from becoming infected with the virus.If you had two measles vaccines when you were a child,you will be protected for life.However,its a different story when it comes to influenza(流感),commonly known as“the flu”which generally peaks between December and February.Flu vaccines cannot protect us in the long term.There is no long-term immunity(免疫),according to Theodore Strang