大学英语四级-作文解析.ppt
L/O/G/OThemegalleryPowerTemplate大学英语四级写作新评分标准大学英语四级写作新评分标准 2分分-条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。5分分-基本切题。表达思想不够清楚，连贯性差。基本切题。表达思想不够清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。有较多的严重语言错误。8分分-基本切题。表达思想比较清楚，文字尚连贯；基本切题。表达思想比较清楚，文字尚连贯；但语言错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误。但语言错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误。11分分-切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。量语言错误。14分分-切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好。基本无语言错误。较好。基本无语言错误。大学英语四级写作新评分标准大学英语四级写作新评分标准除了以上五个主要标准之外，评分时还考虑以除了以上五个主要标准之外，评分时还考虑以下三个因素：下三个因素：l白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给零分。孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给零分。2.字数不足者酌情扣分字数不足者酌情扣分(81-89个词扣个词扣1分，分，7l-80个词扣个词扣2分，分，61-70个词个词扣扣3分，分，51一一60个词扣个词扣4分，不足分，不足50个词最多只给个词最多只给5分分)。所计字数不包括卷面。所计字数不包括卷面上已给主题句。上已给主题句。3只写一段者只写一段者0-4分，只写两段者分，只写两段者0-9分。分。一、人称一、人称1.少用I，we,they,当想用somepeoplethat.多用sthiswidelyassumed/believedthat2.人称要一致，用we,they等，一用到底，切忌somepeopletheyweI时态时态1.一般现在时为主体2.使用悬垂结构A.Tocatchupwiththisdevelopment,weallfeelanurgentandstrongdesiretostudy.B.Choosinganoccupationtakestime,andtherearealotofthingsyouhavetothinkaboutasyoutrytodecidewhatyouwouldliketodo.议论文的灵魂观点（Arguments）考察我们的观点及对社会上的一些事情的看法和改进的措施如2002年6月的图表分析题StudentsUseofComputers2003年1月的ItPaystoBeHonest,暗合那几年风靡一时的高考作文题目诚信2006年1月的问我们对CampusTourism(即大学校园成为旅游景点的看法和观点)同年的6月又考察了arguments,是对OnStudentsSelectingLectures，问学生对自己选择任课教师这一问题的辩证性的看法。四级考试重视我们自己的perspective即观点，而且一般都是辩证性的观点，要格外的注意这一趋势。第一段：按背景+观点提出有些人的观点；Incontemporarysociety,thereisagrowingtendencyovertherecentyearsforsb(人)todosth.(干什么)Thisissue/phenomenonhascausedwidepublicconcern.第二段：用asamatteroffact/however提出另一部分人的观点；However,peopleseemtofailtotakeintoaccountthefactthat./asamatteroffact,最后一段：用personally提出自己的观点及解决方法，最后总结。Frommypart,Iaminclinedtosupporttheideathat永恒的三段论永恒的三段论1.每年，高校许多大学生受到鼓舞去贫困地区支教。2.支教活动的意义。3.我的看法。Aid Education in ChinaEachyear,collegestudents,encouragedtoaidstudentsinthepoverty-strickenareas,volunteerthemselvesinpoorvillagesforayearandtrytoimproveeducationinpoorareas.Aid-educationhasbeenbeneficialintwoaspects.Ontheonehand,collegevolunteersarereallydevotedtothecause.Theyhaveopenedtheeyesofstudentsinunderdevelopedregionstotheoutsideworldbybringingthemnewknowledgeandthoughts.Asaresult,theyareextremelywell-receivedbythechildrenthere.Ontheotherhand,collegestudentshavereceivedarigoroustrainingbyadaptingtotheharshlivingconditions.Theyareenjoyingtheappreciationandno-distancefriendshipfromthechildren.Whatsmore,theyaregreatlyinspiredbythemovingandtirelessspiritofthechildren.Inmyopinion,Chinaseducationaldevelopmentcantbeisolatedfromeachindividualandwecollegestudentsshouldtaketheleadinresponsetotheappealforofferingaidtochildreninpoorareas.1.现在某些高校校园禁止车辆驶入，2.这种规定的考虑，3.谈谈你的看法。点评：随着人们物质生活的提高，私家车发展迅猛，越来越多的私家车停放在校园，由此产生了一些问题，如空间被占、噪音污染、环境污染等，为此许多学校禁止车辆驶入校园，本预测题与2006年1月名校校园是否对外开放相仿，值得关注。ShouldcarsbeallowedintoCollegeCampus?With the rapid development of our national economy,private cars have become in large number;of course,quite a few cars are heavily driven into College Campus.In a significant way,these cars do not take up students places for study,but actually affect their daily life and study-for instance,this crowd of cars may make noise and emit filthy gas to choke us to death.And the campus is jammed with lines of cars and seems to be parking lot instead of an academic institute.So cars have been strictly prohibited into many College Campuses.It seems that this is not convenience to some persons,indeed,but this is for the sake of our safety.Thus when someone enjoys convenience from modern tools,dont forget that it is dangerous to the students in the College Campus.Therefore,I agree that cars are not allowed into College Campus.By and large,with the price of cars falling significantly,cars will enter average families,and most Chinese will enjoy a luxurious lifestyle in their life.However,they are still prohibited to drive their cars into College Campus,which,I think,is a hard truth in the eyes of most people.1.信息安全问题日益重要2.信息安全事故可能导致的危害3.如何做到信息安全点评：随着我们步入信息社会和计算机应用的普及，利用计算机犯罪案件不断上升，信息安全事故频繁发生，媒体也不时有大量相关报道，如何保护信息安全成为人们关注的焦点，本预测题为社会热点，值得关注。Information Security Thehumanbeingsaresteppingintotheinformationsociety.Theinformationindustrydevelopsveryrapidly,sodothehackers,trick-playingteens,exploringchildren,fraudsters,andseriouswhite-collarcriminals.Thus,informationsecuritybecomesanimpendingimportantissue.Incaseofinformationbreach,thevictims-governmentdepartment,anorganizationoraninstitution,oracompanywillinevitablysuffergreatorsmallloss.Governmentmaybethreatenedwithnationalsecurity.Companiesmayloseopportunitiestodevelopnewprojects.Andthepublicsandusersconfidencewillbedamaged.Thenhowtodealwiththisissue?Technologyisonlyapartialsolutiontoinformationsecurity.Whatsmoreimportantisthatorganizationsandcompaniesshouldpromotetheawarenessoninformationsecuritytoitsstaff.However,sincenosystemcaneverbe100percentsecure,aprevention-onlyapproachtoinformationsecuritymanagementisnotenough.Companiesandorganizationsshouldadoptadualapproachtoinformationsecuritymanagementbycombingpreventionanddetectiontechniques.1一些学生赞成讲座式教学2另一些学生偏爱讨论式教学3你的看法点评：2007年12月考查了大学生选修课话题，再次证明四级作文命题自2003年以后侧重于校园生活话题，该预测与校园生活联系紧密，为四级作文命题经常关注的话题。本文属于对比观点加作者态度型的议论文写作。Lectures and DiscussionsThereisaheateddebateovertheroleoflecturesanddiscussionsintheclassroom.Somepeoplebelievethatlecturescanhelpstudentslearnmorequickly.Incontrast,othersholdthatdiscussionscanstimulatestudentstolearnbythemselves.Thosewhoholdthefirstopinionsuggestthatstudentsattendmorelectures.Intheirview,bygivinglecturesteachershelpstudentsmastertheknowledgetheyveaccumulatedoveryearsofstudyandresearch.However,othersthinkthatinadiscussion,theteacherusuallyguidesthestudentsinsteadofdominatingthem.Theyarguethattogetinvolvedinadiscussion,studentshavetodeveloptheirabilitytoanalyzeproblemsindependently.Inmyopinion,Istandonthesideofneitheridea.Firstofall,eithermethodhasitsdisadvantages.Furthermore,eachstudenthashisorherpreference.Thirdly,lecturesatepreferabletodiscussionsintheteachingofsciencesubjects,andonthecontrary,discussionsarepreferabletolecturesinstudyingthehumanities.Therefore,weshouldadoptdifferentteachingmethodsaccordingtodifferentsubjects.a)社会实践的作用b)可能产生的问题c)提出建议点评：本篇文章属于解释性说明文。就业市场的竞争要求大学生具有丰富的社会实践，才能适应就业市场的竞争，所以现在在校大学生参与社会实践活动频繁，但如何处理好学业和社会实践的关系成为人们关注的话题。本预测题与大学生生活密切相关，也是四级作文关注的重要话题。Social PracticeSocialpracticehasbeenmoreandmorepopularinuniversitiesandcolleges.Studentsareaskedtoentersocietyandgetsomeideaofit.Surelysocialpracticehasmanyadvantages.Firstly,socialpracticecanofferstudentsachancetocontactsocietyandmeetdifferentkindsofpeople.Inthiswaystudentscangainsomevaluablesocialexperience,whichwillbeusefultotheirfuturecareer.Secondly,studentscanapplywhattheyhavelearnedinclasstopracticalwork,thusknowingthemselvesmoreclearly.Thirdly,socialpracticecanbringthemsomefinancialrewardandmakethemmoreindependentoftheirfamily.However,someproblemsmayariseifnocorrectguidanceismade.Forexample,somestudentsgetoverlyinterestedinsocialpracticeandwanttoworkfull-timeandearnmoney,thusneglectingtheirstudies.Andsomestudentsarelikelytogetintouchwiththedarksideofsociety,whichwillaffecttheirfuturestudies.Inordertocarryoutsocialpracticesmoothly,studentsshouldfirstknowitsobjective.Theyshouldputtheirstudiesinthefirstplaceandseesocialpracticejustasausefulsupplement,sotheyoughttotrytostrikeabalancebetweensocialpracticeandtheirstudies.1心理健康问题往往是导致疾病的原因2分析人们产生心理健康问题的原因(可从失业、压力过重、缺乏支持、缺乏人际交往能力等方面分析)3你认为人们应如何保持心理健康点评：据报道北京高校100多万名在校大学生中，已经有14名自杀身亡。而去年全年，北京自杀死亡的学生为19人。社会对于大学生心理健康问题越来越关注，如何保持心理健康成为社会关注话题。本预测题与校园生活联系紧密，是四级考试关注度较高的话题，值得重视。How to Keep Psychologically Healthy?Oneinfourpeoplewillexperiencesomekindofmentalprobleminthecourseofayear.Whenyoufailtomanagetheseproblems,theyarelikelytocausevariousmentalillnesses.Thecauseofmentalhealthproblemsoftenvaryalotfromonecasetoanother.Intodayssociety,agoodnumberofpeoplearesufferingfromheavypressure.Otherslackcommunicationskills.Inaddition,alotofpeopleareignorantofpsychologicalknowledgeabouthowtokeepmentallyfit.Therearealotofwaystocurbmentalhealthproblemsandkeeppsychologicallyhealthy.Firstly,findtherealcauseofyourmentalhealthproblemandseewhetheryoucandosomethingaboutit.Secondly,learntorelaxyourselfandtakeexercisestoreleasethepressure.Lastly,youmayfindithelpfultotalktoyourpartnerorfriendaboutyourproblem,orseeksupportandadviceformapsychologicalconsultant1.目前网络教育形成热潮2.你认为这股热潮形成的原因3.你对网络教育的评价点评：英特网的迅速发展改变了人们的生活和学习、工作方式，现代生活节奏快、工作忙导致人们没时间全日制的学习，网络和远程教育正好满足了人们的学习需要，许多大学生利用因特网学习知识，它成为传统教学的有益补充。本预测题贴近时代，也与大学生校园生活相关，值得重视。My View on Online Education.Beingonlineisnolongersomethingneworfreshinourlife.Tosomeextent,ithasbecomepartofourdailylife.Wecandoalotofthingsonline,suchassearchingforinformationandcommunicatingwithfriendsfaraway.Butrecentlyanotherhelpfulonlineactivityhasbecomevery“in”.Thatisonlineeducation.Whycouldonlineeducationbesopopularwithinsuchashortperiodoftime?Amongotherreasons,thequickdevelopmentoftheInternetshouldbeanessentialone,whichmakesallourdreamsofattendingclassinthedistancepossible.Anotherunderlyingreasonisthequickdevelopmentofbothsocietyandtechnology.Today,modernscienceandtechnologyisdevelopingwithfantasticspeed.Tocatchupwiththisdevelopmentweallfeelanurgentandstrongdesiretostudy.However,duetothegreatpaceofmodernsociety,manypeoplearetoobusytostudyfulltimeatschool.Onlineeducationjustcomestotheiraid.Personally,Iappreciatethisnewformofeducation.Itsindeedahelpfulcomplementtothetraditionaleducationalmeans.Itcanprovidedifferentlearnerswithmoreflexibleandversatilewaysoflearning.Bestofall,withonlineeducation,wecansticktoourjobsandatthesametimestudyandabsorbthelatestknowledge.1.选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。2.需要花时间去选择职业。3.选择职业时可以向多人寻求建议和帮助。Choosing an Occupation Oneofthemostimportantproblemsayoungpersonfacesisdecidingwhattodo.Therearesomepeople,ofcourse,whofromthetimetheyaresixyearsold“know”thattheywanttobedoctorsorpilotsorfirefighters,butthemajorityofusdonotgetaroundtomakingadecisionaboutanoccupationorcareeruntilsomebodyorsomethingforcesustofacetheproblem.Choosinganoccupationtakestime,andtherearealotofthingsyouhavetothinkaboutasyoutrytodecidewhatyouwouldliketodo.Youmayfindthatyouwillhavetotakespecialcoursestoqualifyforaparticularkindofwork,oryoumayfindoutthatyouwillneedtogetactualworkexperiencetogainenoughknowledgetoqualifyforaparticularjob.Fortunately,therearealotofpeopleyoucanturntoforadviceandhelpinmakingyourdecision.Atmostschools,thereareteacherswhoareprofessionallyqualifiedtogiveyoudetailedinformationaboutjobqualifications.Andyoucantalkoveryourideaswithfamilymembersandfriendswhoarealwaysreadytolistenandtooffersuggestions.1.近几年出现了大学生就业难的现象2.产生这种现象的原因（如大学生追求的目标过高，专业不对口等）3.如何解决这一问题（改变就业观念，大学生再培训等）点评：本预测题为社会热点话题。近年来大学生就业难日益成为各级政府及社会各方面关注的焦点，媒体也广泛报道了大学生就业形势严峻，呼吁全社会共同努力；此外，该预测题也与大学生就业密切相关，也是四级作文选题重点之一。College Students Job Hunting Inrecentyears,collegestudentsfinditincreasinglydifficulttogetajob.Itsoundsstrangesinceyoungcollegestudentsareusuallyintelligent,well-educatedphenomenon,aspirantandeagertobringtheirtalentintofullplay.Thenwhatunderliesthestrangephenomenon?Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.Tobeginwith,nowadayscollegestudentsaimtoohigh.Alltheywantare“good”jobswhichcouldoffergoodsalary,comfortableworkingconditions,highsocialstatusamongothers.Consequently,mostcollegestudentsareunwillingtoacceptvacantjobstheyconsidernot“good”enough.Anotherreasonisthatthereisabiggapbetweenthemajorssomestudentsstudyinschoolandthedemandsofvacantjobs.Socompaniesthinksomestudentsarenotfitforthejobs.Solutiontotheproblemrequireseffortsonboththesocietyandthestudents.Thecompaniesshouldvaluethestudents,talentandknowledgewhilethelattershouldnotmerelyaimatmaterialgains.Theyshouldbedown-toearthinbuildinguptheircareer.Furthermore,theyshouldfacetheirweakpointssoastoimprovethemselvesandbemorecompetent.1.越来越多的人使用信用卡，信用卡有哪些好处2.信用卡的弊端3.你自己的观点点评：这是一篇议论文，关于信用卡的利弊。可以分成三部分：第一部分，信用卡的好处，比如说应急等；第二部分，信用卡的一些弊端，比如说鼓励一些无用的消费；第三部分：你自己的观点，理性使用。Credit Cards PersonalcreditcardsarebecomingmorecommoninChina.Banksandotherfinancialinstitutionsareencouragingtheircustomerstochangethewaytheybuythings.Creditcards,otherwiseknownas“plasticmoney”,arebeingofferedonverygoodtermstoencouragethechange.Consumerswillbeableto“buynow,paylater”,andmanyseethisasanadvantage.Butpeopleneedtobecareful.Therearedangersassociatedwithcreditcards.Somepeoplefinditveryeasytoexceedtheirbudget.Theyaretemptedtopurchasegoodsthattheydonotreallyneed,andcanbecomequicklyoverburdenedbydebt.Thecreditcardsoftenchargeahighrateofinterest,whichexacerbatestheproblemsforthesepeople.However,usedwiselycreditcardscanimprovethequalityofpeopleslives.Theycangivepeopleaccesstomoneytomeetsuddenunplannedexpenses.Properlyhandled,theycanletpeoplecontroltheirexpenditureandthemonthlystatementsprovidearecordofwheretheirmoneyhasgone.应用类应用类1.简要介绍自己并说明应征该职位2.告知公司为什么对此感兴趣3.简述你为何是合适人选点评：本文属于书信体应用文，要求写一封求职信。找工作是四级命题作文关注的话题之一，2001年1月和1995年6月都考查了求职面试的话题，本预测题要求写一封求职信，既与求职话题相关，又是书信体作文，符合四级作文命题思路和考查重点。An Application Letter DearSirorMadam,IamLiMing,awould-begraduatefromNinjingUniversity.MymajorisEnglish.Throughthejobadvertisement,IhavelearnedthatyouarehuntingaqualifiedindividualforapersonalsecretarytotheGeneralManagerofyouresteemedcompany.IamfullyconvincedthatIamtherightpersonforthejob.Irealizethatmyfuturebossisextremelybusy.However,itisexactlythechallengeofmyprospectivepositionthatattractsme.Iamsurethatmyhonesty,carefulness,patience,expertise,commitmentandextensiveknowledgewillproduceanexcellentjobperformance.Nextmonth,IamgoingtograduatefromtheEnglishDepartmentofNanjingUniversity,andIhaveovertwoyearsofsecretarialexperience.Ihaveenclosedthedetailsofmyacademicrecord,skills,andlanguageabilities.Thankyouforyourtimeinconsideringmyapplication.YoursSincerely,LiMing应用类应用类1.表明你的身份和事件2.对到场领导老师的支持予以感谢并阐述体育运动所带给大家的好处3.宣布运动会开幕并预祝此次运动会取得成功.点评：本预测题是一篇开幕词，与2005年1月竞选学生会主席演说词相仿，运动会也是在校大学生校园生活必不可少的一部分，是在校生比较熟悉的话题，有话可说，便于发挥。An Opening Speech LadiesandGentlemen,Goodmorning!IamOscar,thespokesmanoftheStudentsUnion.OnbehalfoftheStudentsUnion,themainorganizeroftodayssportsmeeting,Iwelcomeyoualltothebeautifulstadium.Aftertwomonthspreparation,ourannualsportsmeetingisheldonschedule.Thankstothesupportandhelpfromourschoolleadersandteachers.Thoughtheyhavemanyschoolresponsibilities,theyhavetakentimeofftotakepartinoursportsactivities.Letsgivethemabighand.Throughsports,wecannotonlydevelopourphysicalprowess,butalsopromotesocialandemotionalskills,andevenintellectualskills,whichwillmatterinourfuturelivessubstantially.Sohopeeverybodyherecherishthisopportunityandenjoyit.Atlast,bestwishesforthesuccessofthesportsmeetingandbestwishesforthegoodresultsofourathletes.Itismypleasuretoannouncetheopenofthesportsmeeting.Thankyouandgoodluck!L/O/G/OThank You!
