大学英语四级辅导(翻译).ppt

翻译部分翻译部分n n1.1.翻译主要考查考生对英语的综合运用能力，包括对翻译主要考查考生对英语的综合运用能力，包括对翻译主要考查考生对英语的综合运用能力，包括对翻译主要考查考生对英语的综合运用能力，包括对语法、词汇、单词拼写等多方面的考查。而改革后的语法、词汇、单词拼写等多方面的考查。而改革后的语法、词汇、单词拼写等多方面的考查。而改革后的语法、词汇、单词拼写等多方面的考查。而改革后的四级考试中的句子翻译由英译汉改为汉译英，这无疑四级考试中的句子翻译由英译汉改为汉译英，这无疑四级考试中的句子翻译由英译汉改为汉译英，这无疑四级考试中的句子翻译由英译汉改为汉译英，这无疑又增加了解题得难度。因此汉译英是改革后四级考试又增加了解题得难度。因此汉译英是改革后四级考试又增加了解题得难度。因此汉译英是改革后四级考试又增加了解题得难度。因此汉译英是改革后四级考试题型中难度相对较大的一种题型：补充英语句子，即题型中难度相对较大的一种题型：补充英语句子，即题型中难度相对较大的一种题型：补充英语句子，即题型中难度相对较大的一种题型：补充英语句子，即要求把括号中的汉语部分译成英语。如：要求把括号中的汉语部分译成英语。如：要求把括号中的汉语部分译成英语。如：要求把括号中的汉语部分译成英语。如：n n The finding of this study failed to _ The finding of this study failed to _(将人们得睡眠质量考虑在内将人们得睡眠质量考虑在内将人们得睡眠质量考虑在内将人们得睡眠质量考虑在内)。07/607/6（take peoples take peoples sleep quality into account/considerationsleep quality into account/consideration）n n此类题型已给出一定的提示，思考的范围大大的缩小，此类题型已给出一定的提示，思考的范围大大的缩小，此类题型已给出一定的提示，思考的范围大大的缩小，此类题型已给出一定的提示，思考的范围大大的缩小，但要特别注意所填内容和已给出部分是否统一。由于但要特别注意所填内容和已给出部分是否统一。由于但要特别注意所填内容和已给出部分是否统一。由于但要特别注意所填内容和已给出部分是否统一。由于该类题目大多已限定了某一句型，从某种程度来说，该类题目大多已限定了某一句型，从某种程度来说，该类题目大多已限定了某一句型，从某种程度来说，该类题目大多已限定了某一句型，从某种程度来说，又可能增加了翻译的难度。又可能增加了翻译的难度。又可能增加了翻译的难度。又可能增加了翻译的难度。n n 2.解题技巧n n解题步骤：n n步骤一、确定句型n n步骤二、确定时态n n步骤三、确定修饰成分n n步骤四、组句n n步骤五、审校n n技巧攻略技巧攻略技巧攻略技巧攻略n n一、翻译原则一、翻译原则一、翻译原则一、翻译原则n n二、翻译技巧和注意事项二、翻译技巧和注意事项二、翻译技巧和注意事项二、翻译技巧和注意事项n n1 1、确定谓语动词时要注意该动词及物和不及物的不同用法。、确定谓语动词时要注意该动词及物和不及物的不同用法。、确定谓语动词时要注意该动词及物和不及物的不同用法。、确定谓语动词时要注意该动词及物和不及物的不同用法。n n2 2、为了避免重复，再次提到名词或名词短语时可用代词、为了避免重复，再次提到名词或名词短语时可用代词、为了避免重复，再次提到名词或名词短语时可用代词、为了避免重复，再次提到名词或名词短语时可用代词it it，thisthis，thatthat，thesethese，thosethose，the onethe one，the onesthe ones等代替。等代替。等代替。等代替。n n3 3、形容词短语、介词短语修饰名词或名词结构时要放在被修、形容词短语、介词短语修饰名词或名词结构时要放在被修、形容词短语、介词短语修饰名词或名词结构时要放在被修、形容词短语、介词短语修饰名词或名词结构时要放在被修饰成分之后。饰成分之后。饰成分之后。饰成分之后。n n4 4、对于选用的动词，要考虑其时态和语态，包括其分词作定、对于选用的动词，要考虑其时态和语态，包括其分词作定、对于选用的动词，要考虑其时态和语态，包括其分词作定、对于选用的动词，要考虑其时态和语态，包括其分词作定语和状语的情况。语和状语的情况。语和状语的情况。语和状语的情况。n n5 5、记住一个简单句中，只能有一个真正的谓语，当给出的汉、记住一个简单句中，只能有一个真正的谓语，当给出的汉、记住一个简单句中，只能有一个真正的谓语，当给出的汉、记住一个简单句中，只能有一个真正的谓语，当给出的汉语句子有逗号连接两个或两个以上的句子时，分析其逻辑关语句子有逗号连接两个或两个以上的句子时，分析其逻辑关语句子有逗号连接两个或两个以上的句子时，分析其逻辑关语句子有逗号连接两个或两个以上的句子时，分析其逻辑关系，弄清哪部分是主句，哪部分是从句或者是用来充当修饰系，弄清哪部分是主句，哪部分是从句或者是用来充当修饰系，弄清哪部分是主句，哪部分是从句或者是用来充当修饰系，弄清哪部分是主句，哪部分是从句或者是用来充当修饰成分（状语、定语等），并考虑使用相应的连接词。成分（状语、定语等），并考虑使用相应的连接词。成分（状语、定语等），并考虑使用相应的连接词。成分（状语、定语等），并考虑使用相应的连接词。n n（如果我们早点出发），we wouldnt be walking in the rain.n nIf we had set out earliern nIt would be dangerous_n n(司机酒后在高速公路上开车).n nFor drivers to drive on expressways after drinkingn n四、真题练习及讲解四、真题练习及讲解四、真题练习及讲解四、真题练习及讲解;n n(04(04年年年年6 6月月月月)n n1.1.I am sure he will pass this exam_(I am sure he will pass this exam_(要是他多加注意要是他多加注意要是他多加注意要是他多加注意的话的话的话的话).).n nif only he would pay more attention to itif only he would pay more attention to itn n2.2.The young man was_(The young man was_(被指控偷了钱被指控偷了钱被指控偷了钱被指控偷了钱).n n accused of stealing the money/charged with stealing the accused of stealing the money/charged with stealing the moneymoneyn n3.3.The room is in a terrible mess;it_(The room is in a terrible mess;it_(不可能打扫过不可能打扫过不可能打扫过不可能打扫过).n ncant/couldnt have been cleanedcant/couldnt have been cleanedn n4.4.Not until the game had begun_(Not until the game had begun_(他才到达运动场他才到达运动场他才到达运动场他才到达运动场).n ndid he arrive at the sports grounddid he arrive at the sports groundn n5.5.You may keep the book a further week_(You may keep the book a further week_(倘若没有其他倘若没有其他倘若没有其他倘若没有其他人需要用的话人需要用的话人需要用的话人需要用的话).n nif no one else requires/needs itif no one else requires/needs itn n（0505年年年年1 1月）月）月）月）n n1.It _(1.It _(肯定下雨了肯定下雨了肯定下雨了肯定下雨了)last night!The road is still)last night!The road is still wet.wet.n nmust have been raining/must have rainedmust have been raining/must have rainedn n2.Only after I found out the truth_(2.Only after I found out the truth_(我才意识到我才意识到我才意识到我才意识到他是无辜的他是无辜的他是无辜的他是无辜的).).n ndid I realize he was innocentdid I realize he was innocentn n3.Come and see you teacher_(3.Come and see you teacher_(无论何时你方便无论何时你方便无论何时你方便无论何时你方便).n nwhenever you are convenient whenever you are convenient n n4.It is difficult for him to_(4.It is difficult for him to_(适应这里的生活适应这里的生活适应这里的生活适应这里的生活).).n nget used to the life here/adapt himself to the life hereget used to the life here/adapt himself to the life heren n5.I do not mind your delaying making the 5.I do not mind your delaying making the decision_(decision_(只要不算太晚只要不算太晚只要不算太晚只要不算太晚).).n n as long as it is not too late as long as it is not too laten n（0505年年年年6 6月）月）月）月）n n1.I hurried to the post office_(1.I hurried to the post office_(不料已经关门了不料已经关门了不料已经关门了不料已经关门了).).n nonly to find it closed/only to find that it was closedonly to find it closed/only to find that it was closedn n2.He made full preparation for the experiment_(2.He made full preparation for the experiment_(以便实验以便实验能顺利进行能顺利进行).n nso that it could be conducted/carried out/performed smoothlyso that it could be conducted/carried out/performed smoothlyn n3._(3._(尽量避免提及这个敏感话题尽量避免提及这个敏感话题尽量避免提及这个敏感话题尽量避免提及这个敏感话题)lest he be offended.)lest he be offended.n nTry to avoid mentioning this sensitive subject/topic Try to avoid mentioning this sensitive subject/topic n n4.She _(4.She _(对我们的警告充耳不闻对我们的警告充耳不闻对我们的警告充耳不闻对我们的警告充耳不闻)and got lost.)and got lost.n nturned a deaf ear to our warningsturned a deaf ear to our warningsn n5._(5._(听到他告诉我的消息听到他告诉我的消息听到他告诉我的消息听到他告诉我的消息)，I could not help I could not help laughing.laughing.n nOn/Upon hearing/As soon as I heard the news he told me On/Upon hearing/As soon as I heard the news he told me n n(05(05年年年年1212月月月月)n n1.The more preparation you do now,_(1.The more preparation you do now,_(你就越不会紧张你就越不会紧张你就越不会紧张你就越不会紧张)before the exam.)before the exam.n nthe less nervous you will be/feelthe less nervous you will be/feeln n2.You _(2.You _(本该一言不发就离开家的本该一言不发就离开家的本该一言不发就离开家的本该一言不发就离开家的)；your parents your parents worried a lot about you.worried a lot about you.n nshouldnt have left home without a word/saying anythingshouldnt have left home without a word/saying anythingn n3.But for the English exam,I_(3.But for the English exam,I_(就去听音乐会了就去听音乐会了就去听音乐会了就去听音乐会了)last)last Sunday.Sunday.n nwould have gone to the concertwould have gone to the concertn n4.Being somewhat short-sighted,she _(4.Being somewhat short-sighted,she _(有盯着人看的习有盯着人看的习有盯着人看的习有盯着人看的习惯惯惯惯).).n nhas the habit of gazing at/staring at people has the habit of gazing at/staring at people n n5._5._（遵守规定很必要）（遵守规定很必要）（遵守规定很必要）（遵守规定很必要）for the visitors to the tourist for the visitors to the tourist spots.spots.n nIts really/absolutely necessary to comply with/follow the Its really/absolutely necessary to comply with/follow the regulation.regulation.n n（0606年年年年6 6月）月）月）月）n n1.The substance does not dissolve in water_(1.The substance does not dissolve in water_(不管是否加不管是否加不管是否加不管是否加热热热热).).n nwhether it is heated or notwhether it is heated or notn n2.Not only _(2.Not only _(他向我收费过高他向我收费过高他向我收费过高他向我收费过高)，but he did not do a but he did not do a good repair job either.good repair job either.n ndid he charge me too much/did he overcharge medid he charge me too much/did he overcharge men n3.You losses in trade this year are nothing_(3.You losses in trade this year are nothing_(与我的相与我的相与我的相与我的相比比比比).).n ncompared with mine/in comparison with minecompared with mine/in comparison with minen n4.On average,it is said,visitors spend only _4.On average,it is said,visitors spend only _（一半的钱）（一半的钱）（一半的钱）（一半的钱）in a day in Leeds as in London.in a day in Leeds as in London.n nhalf as much(money)half as much(money)n n5.By contrast,American mothers were more likely_(5.By contrast,American mothers were more likely_(把孩把孩把孩把孩子的成功归因于子的成功归因于子的成功归因于子的成功归因于)natural talent.)natural talent.n nto attribute/owe their childrens success to to attribute/owe their childrens success to n n 0606年年年年6 6月月月月n n1.Having spent some time in the city,he had no trouble_1.Having spent some time in the city,he had no trouble_(找到去历史博物馆的路找到去历史博物馆的路找到去历史博物馆的路找到去历史博物馆的路).).n n(in)finding the way to the history museum(in)finding the way to the history museumn n2._(2._(为了挣钱供我上学为了挣钱供我上学为了挣钱供我上学为了挣钱供我上学)，mother often takes on more mother often takes on more work than in good for her.work than in good for her.n nIn order to finance my education/raise money to support my In order to finance my education/raise money to support my educationeducationn n3.The professor required that _(3.The professor required that _(我们交研究报告我们交研究报告我们交研究报告我们交研究报告)by)by Wednesday.Wednesday.n nwe(should)hand in our research reportwe(should)hand in our research reportn n4.The more you explain,_(4.The more you explain,_(我越糊涂我越糊涂我越糊涂我越糊涂).).n nthe more confused I am/feelthe more confused I am/feeln n5.Though a skilled worker,_(5.Though a skilled worker,_(他被公司解雇了他被公司解雇了他被公司解雇了他被公司解雇了)last week)last week because of the economic crisis.because of the economic crisis.n nhe was fired/dismissed/discharged by the companyhe was fired/dismissed/discharged by the companyn n0606年年年年1212月月月月n n 1.1.Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to _easy to _（适应不同文化中的生活（适应不同文化中的生活（适应不同文化中的生活（适应不同文化中的生活).n nadapt oneself to life/living in different culturesadapt oneself to life/living in different culturesn n2.2.Since my childhood I have found that Since my childhood I have found that n n(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).n nnothing is more attractive to me than readingnothing is more attractive to me than readingn n3.3.The victim_(The victim_(本来会有机会活下来本来会有机会活下来本来会有机会活下来本来会有机会活下来)if he had)if he had been taken to hospital in time been taken to hospital in time.n nwould have had a chance to survive/of survivalwould have had a chance to survive/of survivaln n4.4.Some psychologists claim that people _(Some psychologists claim that people _(出门出门出门出门在外时可能会感到孤独在外时可能会感到孤独在外时可能会感到孤独在外时可能会感到孤独).n nmight feel lonely when they are far from home/when they are might feel lonely when they are far from home/when they are travelingtravelingn n5.5.The nationThe nations population continues to rise_(s population continues to rise_(以以以以每年每年每年每年12001200万人的速度万人的速度万人的速度万人的速度).n nat a speed/rate of 12 million per/every yearat a speed/rate of 12 million per/every yearn n0707年年年年6 6月月月月n n1.1.The finding of this study failed to _(The finding of this study failed to _(将人们的睡将人们的睡将人们的睡将人们的睡眠质量考率在内眠质量考率在内眠质量考率在内眠质量考率在内).n ntake peoples sleep quality into account/considerationtake peoples sleep quality into account/considerationn n2.2.The prevention and treatment of AIDS is _(The prevention and treatment of AIDS is _(我我我我们可以合作的领域们可以合作的领域们可以合作的领域们可以合作的领域).n nthe field where/in which we can cooperate the field where/in which we can cooperate n n3.3.Because of the leg injury,the athlete _(Because of the leg injury,the athlete _(决定退决定退决定退决定退出比赛出比赛出比赛出比赛).n ndecided to quit the matchdecided to quit the matchn n4.4.To make donations or for more information,To make donations or for more information,please_(please_(按以下地址和我们联系按以下地址和我们联系按以下地址和我们联系按以下地址和我们联系).n ncontact/get in touch with us at the following addresscontact/get in touch with us at the following addressn n5.5.Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _(如果你方便的话如果你方便的话如果你方便的话如果你方便的话).n nif it is convenient for you/at your convenientif it is convenient for you/at your convenientn n0707年年年年1212月月月月 n n1.1._(_(多亏了一系列的新发明），多亏了一系列的新发明），多亏了一系列的新发明），多亏了一系列的新发明），doctors can treat this doctors can treat this disease successfully.disease successfully.n nOwing to/Thanks to a series of new inventionsOwing to/Thanks to a series of new inventionsn n2.2.In my sixties,one change I notice is that _(.In my sixties,one change I notice is that _(我比以前我比以前我比以前我比以前更容易累了更容易累了更容易累了更容易累了)。n n I am apt to/inclined to be/feel more easily tired than beforeI am apt to/inclined to be/feel more easily tired than beforen n3.3.I am going to pursue this course,_(I am going to pursue this course,_(无论我要作出什么无论我要作出什么无论我要作出什么无论我要作出什么样的牺牲）样的牺牲）样的牺牲）样的牺牲）.n nno matter what/whatever sacrifices I will makeno matter what/whatever sacrifices I will maken n4.4.I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because _ (store because _ (它更加方便和省时）它更加方便和省时）它更加方便和省时）它更加方便和省时）.n nthe latter is more convenient and time-savingthe latter is more convenient and time-savingn n5.5.Many Americans live on credit,and their quality of life is Many Americans live on credit,and their quality of life is _(_(是用他们能够借到多少来是用他们能够借到多少来是用他们能够借到多少来是用他们能够借到多少来 衡量的）衡量的）衡量的）衡量的）,not how much,not how much they can earn.they can earn.n nis weighed/measured upon/by how much they can borrow is weighed/measured upon/by how much they can borrow n n五、专项训练五、专项训练五、专项训练五、专项训练n n1.With the improvement of our living standards,1.With the improvement of our living standards,people are _(people are _(越来越重视健康了越来越重视健康了越来越重视健康了越来越重视健康了).).n nattaching more and more importance to their healthattaching more and more importance to their healthn n2.The improvement of the equipment 2.The improvement of the equipment _(_(带来很高的利润带来很高的利润带来很高的利润带来很高的利润).).n nhas brought a lot of profitshas brought a lot of profitsn n3.He finally realized _(3.He finally realized _(他们应当采他们应当采他们应当采他们应当采取有效措施来应付这个局面取有效措施来应付这个局面取有效措施来应付这个局面取有效措施来应付这个局面).).n n that they should take effective measures to cope that they should take effective measures to cope with/deal with/tackle the situationwith/deal with/tackle the situationn n4.We are getting more and more nervous_(随着考试周的临近随着考试周的临近).n nas the exam week approaches/draws near or:with the approaching of the exam weekn n5.（撒谎有什么用呢）（撒谎有什么用呢），if she has learned everything.n nWhats the good of lyingn n6._(为了身体的健康为了身体的健康)，measures are being taken to control and prevent pollution.n nFor/For the sake of peoples healthn n 7.Some developing countries cannot even support 7.Some developing countries cannot even support their present populations,their present populations,n n_(_(更不用说将来过多的人口了更不用说将来过多的人口了更不用说将来过多的人口了更不用说将来过多的人口了)。n nlet alone/much less/to say nothing of the let alone/much less/to say nothing of the overpopulation of the futureoverpopulation of the futuren n8.Only by being in good shape_(8.Only by being in good shape_(一个人才一个人才一个人才一个人才可能去学习、工作、享受可能去学习、工作、享受可能去学习、工作、享受可能去学习、工作、享受)。n ncan one expect to study,work and enjoy himselfcan one expect to study,work and enjoy himselfn n9.We must realize that TV itself is neither good or 9.We must realize that TV itself is neither good or bad,_(bad,_(它对人和社会的价值取决于我们如何它对人和社会的价值取决于我们如何它对人和社会的价值取决于我们如何它对人和社会的价值取决于我们如何看待它看待它看待它看待它).).n n and its value to people and society depends on how and its value to people and society depends on how we look at itwe look at itn n10.10.The most striking difference between home life The most striking difference between home life and dormitory life isand dormitory life is_ _（学生必须开始对（学生必须开始对自身的行为承担责任）。自身的行为承担责任）。n nthat students must begin to take responsibility for that students must begin to take responsibility for their own behaviortheir own behaviorn n11.However,the problem of environmental pollut