定语从句与插入语.ppt
定语从句定语从句语法讲解语法讲解 定语从句定语从句（the attributive clause）被定语从句限定的词是被定语从句限定的词是_，引导定语从，引导定语从句的词叫做句的词叫做 _ 或或 _。关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接连接（连接定语从句和主句）、（连接定语从句和主句）、替代替代（替代前面（替代前面的先行词）、的先行词）、成分成分（在定语从句中要充当一（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。定的句子成分）。在复合句中，在复合句中，充当充当_ 用的从句是定语从句用的从句是定语从句“先行词先行词”“关系代词关系代词”“关系副词关系副词”形容词形容词关系代词关系代词:who,whom,that which,that,whose as,关系副词关系副词:when,where,why关系词的作用：关系词的作用：1 1、连接作用：引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；、连接作用：引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；2 2、替代作用：在从句中代替在它前面的先行词；替代作用：在从句中代替在它前面的先行词；3 3、成、成分作用：在从句中总是充当一个句子成分分作用：在从句中总是充当一个句子成分;Who(做主语或宾语做主语或宾语)1.This is the man who helped me.2.The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.3.Thosewho wish to go to the museum must be at the gate by 7:50 a.m.Whom(做宾语可以省略做宾语可以省略)This doctor whom you are looking for is in the roomMrs.Smith whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.Whose(人或物，在从句中做定语人或物，在从句中做定语)1.Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen down.2.Do you know the man whose name is wang yu.3.Which(只指物，在从句中做主语或宾语只指物，在从句中做主语或宾语)4.Guilin is a city which has a history of 2000 years.5.The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.6.That(人或物，主或宾人或物，主或宾)7.The letter that I received was from my father.8.All that we have to do is to practice everyday.9.They talked of things and persons that they 10.remembered in the school.1.ShelookedatJeff_waswavinghisarms.关系代词关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose.2.Aplaneisamachine_canfly.3.Thenoodles_Icookedweredelicious.4.Thegirl_wesawyesterdayisJimssister.5.Harryistheboy_motherisourMathsteacher.6.Theroom_windowfacessouthisyours.that/whothat/whichthat/whichthat/who/whomwhosewhose1.All(that glitters)is not gold.2.You must do everything(that I do).3.He was the first(that arrived)and the last(that left).4.This is the third mistake(that he made).5.Is this the best film(that has been shown this year)?6.He is going to visit the most beautiful place(that lies in Japan).7.This is the very book(that Im looking for).8.We talked about the things and people(that we remembered in the school).9.China is not the country that it used to be.10.Which is the car that hit the boy?只能用只能用that1.先行词被先行词被everything,anything,nothing,all,much,little,few等时。等时。2.先行词被先行词被theonly,thevery,thejust,thefirst,thelast及序数词修饰时。及序数词修饰时。3.先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。4.先行词既包含人又包含物时。先行词既包含人又包含物时。5.先行词被先行词被all,any,few,litter,no等修饰时。等修饰时。6.当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。7.有时为避免重复。有时为避免重复。考点：介词考点：介词+关系词关系词1.Doyouknowtheboy_yourmotheristalking?2.Hegavemesomenovels_Iamnotveryfamiliar.3.Istillremembertheday_IfirstgottoParis.5.(06浙江浙江)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.whichto whomwithwhichon whichThisisthechildwhom/thatIwilltakecareof.4.译译：这这是我要照是我要照顾顾的小孩。的小孩。关系代词前介词的确定关系代词前介词的确定1.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如：e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichImsure.2.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.3.3.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?5.Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_istheYellowRiver.6.Theman_Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.7.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most_hadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichofwhichtowhomofwhich介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 练习练习There are many teachers over there,one of _ is an English teacher.all of _ _ maths teachers.and _考点考点:of which,of whom等结构引导的等结构引导的定语从句为非限制性定语从句。定语从句为非限制性定语从句。whomwhomareallofthemaremathsteachers.Iboughtadozeneggs,_(其中其中六个六个)brokedownwhenIdroppedthebox.sixofwhichIboughtadozeneggs,of_brokedownwhenIdroppedthebox.whichsixIboughtadozeneggs,and_brokedownwhenIdroppedthebox.sixofthemThejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_thesailingtimewas226days.（04广西，广西，28）A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhichADoyouknowthereason_youcamelateforschool?Doyouknowthereason_youcamelateforschool?Doyouremembertheday_weworkedtogether?Doyouremembertheday_weworkedtogether?Thisisthevillage_hewasborn.Thisisthevillage_hewasborn.Hehelpedhisfatheronthefarm_theylivedHehelpedhisfatheronthefarm_theylived.Timeschangeandsodoestheway_weliveonwhichwheninwhichwhereonwhichwhereforwhichwhyinwhich/that/不填不填关系副词引导定语从句：关系副词引导定语从句：when,where,why.1.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.先行词先行词关系副词关系副词关系副词关系副词指代指代先行词先行词，在从句中作成分，在从句中作成分在从句中作时间状语在从句中作时间状语2.Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.3.Hecouldntgivetheteacheragoodreasonwhyhewaslateforschool.定语从句解题步骤定语从句解题步骤:1.1.找主句找主句:2.2.先行词先行词:3.3.将将先行词先行词代入到从句当中，判断其在从句代入到从句当中，判断其在从句 中的成分，选用合适的关系词来替代先行词中的成分，选用合适的关系词来替代先行词 关键是关键是:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分完整完整填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略This is the factory _ produces TV._ we visited yesterday._ windows face south.the window _ faces south._ the window faces south._ his father works._ his father works in.in _ his father works.that/which(that/which)whoseofwhichwhere(that/which)whichofwhich填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略Is he the man _ wants to see you?_ I saw yesterday?_ car broke down on the way?who/that(whom/that)whoseTheprincewasthepersoninwhosehonortheballwasgiven.填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略Give me the reason _ you quarreled with him _ _ you quarreled with him.This is the reason _ he gave for being late.whyforwhich(that)填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略填入适当的关系词并判断是否可以省略I will never forget the days _ we studied together._ _ we studied together._ we spent together.whenin(during)which(which/that)实战训练实战训练:改错改错:1)This is the mountain village where I visited last year.2)I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.(which/that)(which/that)1)Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago?A.whereB.that 2)C.on which D.the one2)Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held.A.where B.that 3)C.on whichD.the one单选单选:DA考点考点7：as,which引导非限定性定语从句引导非限定性定语从句先行词是整个句子先行词是整个句子位置区别：位置区别：含义区别：含义区别：*This elephant is like a snake,as anybody can see.*As we all know,Tom is a good student.*Shakespeare,as you know,wrote many plays.*Bamboos are hollow,which makes them very light.which与与as的区别：的区别：as(was/is)expected,as already mentioned above,as reported in the newspaperas planned,As 常用的句式有：常用的句式有：as is said above,as is known to all,as is often the case,as you knowas we can see such/soas,the sameas,asas,not so as 考点考点8 8:用用as的其它情况的其它情况把下面两句话翻译成汉语把下面两句话翻译成汉语,注意注意which的的含义含义.The sun heats the earth,which is very important to us.Mary treats me just like a baby,which I cant bear.把下面每组的两个句子合并成含有定语从句把下面每组的两个句子合并成含有定语从句的句子。的句子。China is a developing country.It is known to all.We won the game.We all expected it.As is known to all,China is a developing country.We won the game,as we expected.需要注意的其它考点需要注意的其它考点He has made another wonderful discovery,_of great use.A.which I suppose are B.B.that I suppose it is C.I suppose which is D.which I suppose is句型：先行词句型：先行词+关系词关系词+插入语插入语+（主语）（主语）+谓语谓语+其他。其他。e.g.The debate was related on the Third Program which I have no idea everyone listened to.考点考点4:4:含有插入语的定语从句含有插入语的定语从句DHeisnottheman_heusedtobe.考点考点5 5:that充当表语充当表语(that)I didnt like the way that he eyed me.I didnt like the way in which he eyed me.I didnt like the way he eyed me.考点考点1010：当当way做先行词时，定语从句缺少状语做先行词时，定语从句缺少状语fact,hope,desire,thought,suggestion,idea,news 同位语从句与定语从句的区别：同位语从句与定语从句的区别：The news _ our football team won the world cup was encouraging.The news _/_ surprised us most was not true.The news _ he told me was not true.Doris success lies in the fact _ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.thatthatwhich(thatwhich)that请回忆请回忆:在这部分你学到了什么在这部分你学到了什么?
