定语从句(高二复习).ppt

定语从句定语从句Attributive ClausesThemanishandsome.HeiscalledJoong-kiSong.The man who is called Joong-ki Song is handsome.The man who is called Joong-ki Song is handsome.About“定语从句定语从句”修饰修饰名词名词或或代词代词的句子叫的句子叫定语从句定语从句。被修饰的成分叫被修饰的成分叫先行词先行词。删掉从句后剩下的部分为删掉从句后剩下的部分为主句主句。经常翻译成经常翻译成“的的”先行词先行词定语从句部分定语从句部分先行词先行词定语从句定语从句等同于等同于adj.先行词先行词可以不只是一个词可以不只是一个词一、单个名词一、单个名词Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisafamousdancer.二、短语二、短语Helikesclimbingmountains,whichisagoodexercise.三、一个分句三、一个分句Hesaidthathehadnotime,whichisnttrue.四、一个整句四、一个整句（先行词为一个句子时，（先行词为一个句子时，从句谓语动从句谓语动词为第三人称单数词为第三人称单数）Mygirlfriendlikesdancingwithotherguys,whichreallydrivesmecrazy.1)The boy who gave me a picture was Li Lei.(主句主句)The boy was Li Lei.(还原从句还原从句)The boy gave me a picture.2)The glasses which is blue belongs to Lily.(主句主句)The glasses belongs to Lily.(还原从句还原从句)The glasses is blue.关系代词的选用关系代词的选用主语主语(人人)主语主语(物物)thatthat在从句中在从句中充当的成分充当的成分关系代词关系代词(人人)关系代词（关系代词（物物）主语主语who/that(不可省略不可省略)which/that(不可省略不可省略)关系代词的选用关系代词的选用3)The boy whose book is new didnt study.(主句主句)The boy didnt study.(还原从句还原从句)The boys book is new.4)I hate the curtain whose color looks dusty.(主句主句)I hate the curtain.(还原从句还原从句)The curtains color looks dusty.定语定语(人人)定语定语(物物)在从句中在从句中充当的成分充当的成分关系代词关系代词(人人)关系代词（关系代词（物物）定语定语whose(不可省略不可省略)whose(不可省略不可省略)先行词先行词人人物物作主语作主语who/thatwhich/that作宾语作宾语who(m)/that作定语作定语whose+名词名词作状语作状语(不缺主宾不缺主宾)时间时间when地点地点wherereason后后why=(forwhich)关系代词关系代词/关系副词关系副词when,where,why=介词介词+which1)The factory where his father works is there(还原从句还原从句)2)The factory which we visited is there.(还原从句还原从句)选择关系副词的巧妙方法选择关系副词的巧妙方法His father works in the factory.We visited the factory.1）删掉关系词，看从句：）删掉关系词，看从句：句子句子完整完整的的 -作作状语状语句子成分句子成分缺失缺失的的-作作主语主语或或宾语宾语2）还原从句后：）还原从句后：先行词代入要先行词代入要加介词加介词的的-作作状语状语先行词代入先行词代入无无须须介词介词的的-作作主语主语或或宾语宾语 当先行词是表示当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因时间、地点或原因的词语时的词语时,不一定填关系副词不一定填关系副词when,where,why,只有当这些只有当这些词在定语从句中作状语时词在定语从句中作状语时,才会用关系副词才会用关系副词,否则否则要用关系代词要用关系代词which/that。特别提醒：特别提醒：I will never forget the day _ I first met you.I will never forget the days _ we spent together in Yangchun.when/on whichthat/which（缺状语）（缺状语）(缺宾语缺宾语)Beijing is the place_ I once worked.Beijing is the place_ I once visited.where/in whichthat/whichThe reason _ he was late was that he got up late.The reason _ he gave you was reasonable.why/for whichthat/which1.在限制性定语从句中在限制性定语从句中which,who,whom都都可用可用that代替。关系代词代替。关系代词作宾语时可以省略作宾语时可以省略。2.不能用不能用that的情况（的情况（双后不能用双后不能用that）在非限制性定语从句中（在非限制性定语从句中（逗号后逗号后）介词后介词后 考点警示：考点警示：3.只能用只能用that的情况（课本的情况（课本P96）3.只能用that的情况（课本P96）五字记忆法：代代高高序序双双特特当先行词是整个主句或主句的一部分时当先行词是整个主句或主句的一部分时,这这类非限制性定语从句只能由类非限制性定语从句只能由which或或 as来引来引导。两者的区别在于：导。两者的区别在于：which引导的定语从句只能位于引导的定语从句只能位于主句后主句后,而而as引导的定语从句可位于主句引导的定语从句可位于主句前、中、后前、中、后；4.which和和as引导非限制性定语从句的区别引导非限制性定语从句的区别 which常译作常译作“这这”;而而as常译作常译作“正如正如”,as常用于固定搭配中：常用于固定搭配中：as is often the case (这是常有的事这是常有的事),as we expected (不出所料不出所料);as often happens (正如经常发生的那样正如经常发生的那样);as is known to all (众所周知众所周知);as is mentioned above (正如上面所提到的正如上面所提到的)等等。等等。the same as(和和一样一样)suchas（像（像样的样的）。在在“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”中中,先行词指人时只能用先行词指人时只能用_,先行词指物时只能用先行词指物时只能用 _whomwhich5.“介词介词+关系代词关系代词(whom/which)”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句 先行词（人）先行词（人）介词介词+whom先行词（物）先行词（物）介词介词+which介词+关系词The person to _ you just talked is my English teacher.The school in _ he once studied is very famous.whomwhich 6.当先行词是当先行词是the way 只能用 in which/that /不填 I dont like the way _ he talks.in which/that /不填7.当一些类似case,position,situation,condition,point,stage,表示表示“情况，处境情况，处境”等意思的意思的名词作先行词时，常用常用where引导定语引导定语从句。从句。但并非总是由但并非总是由where来引导，只有当关系词在来引导，只有当关系词在从句中作状语时，才用关系副词从句中作状语时，才用关系副词where，否则，否则用关系代词。用关系代词。occasion表示表示“的时候的时候”时，常用时，常用when表示表示“场合场合”时，常用时，常用where。(2009福建福建)Itshelpfultoputchildreninasituation_theycanseethemselvesdifferently.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where解析：先行词是解析：先行词是situation，代入定语从句后为：，代入定语从句后为：theycanseethemselvesdifferentlyinthesituation.由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作状由此可见，先行词在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词。语，故用关系副词。真题例析真题例析历年高考试题历年高考试题1.We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people,most of_are healthy.（2007 北京北京）A.that B.which C.what D.whom2.Last week,only two people came to look at the house,_wanted to buy it.(2007安徽安徽)A.none of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom历年高考试题历年高考试题1.We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people,most of_are healthy.（2007 北京北京）A.that B.which C.what D.whom2.Last week,only two people came to look at the house,_wanted to buy it.(2007安徽安徽)A.none of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom历年高考试题历年高考试题1.We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people,most of_are healthy.（2007 北京北京）A.that B.which C.what D.whom2.Last week,only two people came to look at the house,_wanted to buy it.(2007安徽安徽)A.none of them B.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom3.-where did you get to know her?-it was on the farm_ we worked.A.that B.there C.which D.where(2007 山东)4._ I explain on the phone,you request will be considered at the meeting.A.when B.after C.as D.since (2005 浙江)专题专练专题专练1.Do you think such a place _ you speak of is worth visiting?2.He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday,_ I doubt very much.3.There is a lake near our schoolyard,_ depth is out of your expectation.4.-Do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper?-Well,anything is Ok for me.5.The house in _ he used to live has turned into a library.as which whose that which 6.Students in our school,most of _ are from the south of China,enjoy rice very much.7.Can you think of a situation _ this idiom is used?8._ is often the case,teachers in our school usually return to school on Sunday evenings.9.Which is the road _ leads to the village?10.The newcomer is from Jiangxi,_ I can tell from his accent.whom where As that which =in which 高考链接高考链接1.Maybeyouleaveahabit_isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.(2015）2.Nicksguests,_hadheardtheirconversation,askedwhytheyshouldnotbuysaltmorecheaplyiftheycould.(2013)3.Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim,theyhadtolookatMary,_madeherfeellikeastar.(2012)4.Behindhimwereotherpeopleto_hewastryingtotalk,.(2011)5.Janepausedinfrontofacounter_someattractivetieswereondisplay.（2009)that/whichwhowhichwhomwhere欣赏含有定语从句的谚语欣赏含有定语从句的谚语1.God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。自助者天助。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.笑到最后的人笑得最好笑到最后的人笑得最好 解定语从句试题的关键步骤解定语从句试题的关键步骤1.找出找出主句主句；2.确定确定先行词先行词名词或代词；名词或代词；3.将先行词放入从句中分析其将先行词放入从句中分析其句子成分句子成分；4.选择合适的选择合适的关系词关系词。