英语倒装句语法.pptx
在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了语是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了语法结构的需要，或者是为了强调，谓语法结构的需要，或者是为了强调，谓语的的全部全部或一或一部分部分却提到主语前面，这种却提到主语前面，这种语序叫做倒装。语序叫做倒装。倒装可分为倒装可分为:a.a.全部倒装全部倒装 b.b.部分倒装部分倒装 倒装倒装(Inversion):Inversion):第1页/共34页、部分谓语（情态动词、助动词、连系、部分谓语（情态动词、助动词、连系动词）在前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之动词）在前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后的句子，叫后的句子，叫部分倒装句部分倒装句。Onlythendidherealizethathewaswrong.英语倒装句分为两种英语倒装句分为两种：、整个谓语在前的句子，叫、整个谓语在前的句子，叫完全倒装完全倒装。Herecomesthecar.第2页/共34页Inversion(倒装句倒装句)若有主从句，哪句倒装。部分倒装还是完全倒装。第3页/共34页A.完全倒装There be+There be+主语主语There livedThere lived an old man in the mountain.an old man in the mountain.There stoodThere stood an old tree front of the house an old tree front of the houseThereThere still still existexist some problems some problems 1.第4页/共34页2.here/there/now/then+vi.+主语out/in/up/down/away在句首，表强调eg:1.Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell.Nowcomesyourturn.Outwentthechildren.注：代词做主语时，主谓语序不变Hereyouare.Hereitis.Inhecomes.副词+动词+主语副词+代词+动词第5页/共34页3.句首状语为表示地点的介词词组。eg:Fromthevalleycameafrighteningsound.Southofthecityliesabigsteelfactory.介词短语+谓语+主语谓语通常是谓语通常是be,stand,sit,lie等动词。等动词。4.直接引语的全部或一部分在句首时。“Do you think my clothes fit well?”asked the emperor.Mr smith said Mary,“May I borrow your pen?注意：注意：主语是代词时，不用倒装。主语是代词时，不用倒装。“Where are you going?”he askedWhere are you going?”he asked.第6页/共34页5.表语置于句首。1)形容词形容词+系动词系动词+主语主语PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhiteandmanyotherguests.2)过去分词+系动词+主语Gonearethedays.3)介词短语+be+主语AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowersandtoys.第7页/共34页6.为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语，为了使上下文紧密衔接。a.InsidethePyramidsaretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueens.b.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.第8页/共34页B.部分倒装1.用于疑问句用于疑问句Doyouunderstandit?2.用于省略if的虚拟语气条件状语从句。Hadyoureceivedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedtheexam.WereItodothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherway.ShouldIbefreetomorrow,Icouldgowithyou.第9页/共34页3.adj./n./v.+as引导的让步状语从句Tryashewould,hemightfailagain.Prettyassheis,sheisnotclever.=Thoughsheispretty,sheisnotclever.Childashewas,hehadtomakealiving.=Thoughhewasachild,hehadtomakealiving.4.So,Nor,Neither开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容，谓语时态，形式与前句一致。HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.Petercantanswerthequestion.NeithercanI.so/nor/neither+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语单数可数名词作表语提前不用冠词第10页/共34页当前面的句子中主语、谓语或肯否定形式不同时，则用soitiswith.句型来表示。Tomlikessinging,buthedoesntlikedancing.SoitiswithMary.Tomiscleverandhestudieshard.SoitiswithMary.如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的意思，则不倒装。“Itishottoday.”“Soitis.”“Hefinisheditontime.”“Sohedid.”第11页/共34页5.用于nosoonerthan;hardlywhen（只倒主句，主句一般用过去完成时而从句用过去时。）,notuntil（只倒主句）句型中。Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhiswork.Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanthetelephonerang.HardlyhadIsatwhenhesteppedin.第12页/共34页6.never,hardly,seldom,scarcely(几乎不),barely,little,often,atnotime,notonly（只倒前面）等词放在句首。Littledidheknowwhothewomanwas.NevershallIdothisagain.Notonlyisbettereducationimportantforimprovingourselvesbutalsoitisimportantfordevelopingoursociety.但是当连接主语时不倒装NotonlyhebutalsoIhavekeptthesecret.第13页/共34页7.用于only开头的句子；(修饰副词，介词短语或状语从句）,主句要倒装。OnlythisafternoondidIfinishthenovel.OnlyinthiswaycanyoumasterEnglish.OnlywhenhetoldmedidIrealizewhattroublehewasin.注：only修饰主语时，不倒装.Onlyhecandothiswork.第14页/共34页8.sothat/suchthat中 so+adj./adv或such提前到句首时，此部分用倒装语序.Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.Insuchahurrydidheleavethatheforgettolockthedoor.9.9.在以often,always,once,manyatime,nowandthen,everyotherday,等作状语的频度副词位于句首时。OftendidIspeakofhimbefore.Manyatimehashehelpedmewithmyexperiment.第15页/共34页Look at the following sentences1.Wewillnotbeabletoimprovethesituationuntilweknowmore.-Notuntilweknowmorewillwebeabletoimprovethesituation.2.ChinasthenPremierZhuRongji,whostressedtheneedforequalityandfairnessintheworldwasamongthespeakers.-AmongthespeakerswasChinasthenPremierZhuRongji,whostressedtheneedforequalityandfairnessintheworld.第16页/共34页3.Wewonthaveenoughdrinkingwateruntilwestoppollutingourlakesandrivers.4.Sustainabledevelopmentcanbepossibleonlywithinternationalcooperation.5.Weseldomthinkofthesmallchangesthatwecandotomakeabigdifference.-Notuntilwestoppollutingourlakesandriverswillwehaveenoughdrinkingwater.-Onlywithinternationalcooperationcansustainabledevelopmentbepossible.-Seldomdowethinkofthesmallchangesthatwecandotomakeabigdifference.第17页/共34页6.Wecansavetheearthonlybychangingthewaywelive.Onlybychangingthewaywelivecanwesavetheearth.7.TheEarthSummitisnotonlyaplacetotalkaboutproblems,butalsoaplacetofindsolutionsforthefuture.NotonlyistheEarthSummitaplacetotalkaboutproblems,butalsoaplacetofindsolutionsforthefuture.第18页/共34页强强化化练练习习1._theplane.A.DownflyingB.DownwasflyingC.DownflewD.Flewdown2.Underabigtree_,halfasleep.A.didsatafatmanB.afatmansatC.didafatmansatD.satafatmanCD第19页/共34页3.Sheplaysthepianoverywell._.A.SoeveryoneofusdoesB.EveryoneofusdoesC.SodoeseveryoneofusD.Sodoeveryoneofus4.Never_suchawonderfulplaceasHangzhou.A.arehangingB.hadIseenC.IhaveseenD.haveIseenCD第20页/共34页5.Notonly_apromise,butalsohekeptit.A.hashemadeB.doeshemakeC.hemadeD.didhemake6.Notuntilhegotoffthebus_thathehadgothiswalletstolen.A.hefoundB.didhefindC.hehadfoundD.hadhefound7.Onlyinthisway_progressinyourEnglish.A.youmakeB.canyoumakeC.youbeabletomakeD.willyouabletomakeDBB第21页/共34页8._andcaughtthemouse.A.UpthecatjumpedB.ThecatupjumpedC.UpjumpedthecatD.Jumpedupthecat9.-Whereisyourfather?-Oh,_.A.herehecomesB.heherecomesC.heredoeshecomeD.herecomesheCA第22页/共34页10._inwhichtheyhadcametotheisland.A.NearbyweretwocanoesB.NearbytwocanoeswereC.WeretwocanoesnearbyD.Twocanoesnearbywere11.Thedooropenedandthere_.A.entersanoldmanB.enteredanoldmanC.didanoldmanenter D.anoldmanenteredAB第23页/共34页12.Little_whenItookthetripand_didmybrother.A.haveIknown;soB.hadIknow;neitherC.doIknow;soD.didIknow;neither13.Wasitnot_youarrivedathishouse_youdiscoveredthathewasonholiday?A.when;thatB.until;didC.until;thatD.when;didDC第24页/共34页14.Manyatime_toseemewhile_inhospital.A.didhecome;wasIB.didhecome;IwasC.hecame;wasID.hewas;Iwas15.Nowandthen_uptoseewhathappened.A.didhewakeB.hewakeC.hewakesD.hedidwake16.Sheisnotfondofcooking,_I.A.soamB.noramC.neitherdoID.nordo17.Earlyinthemorning_thenews_theChineseTeamdefeatedtheJapaneseTeam.Acomes;whatB.came;thatCcomes;thatDcame;whatBABB第25页/共34页18.Atthefootofthemountain_.A.lieabeautifullakeB.doesabeautifullakelieC.liesabeautifullakeD.doabeautifullakelie19.Atnotime_hispersonalinterestfirst.A.shouldacommunistplaceB.acommunistshouldplaceC.acommunistplaceD.doesacommunistplaceCA第26页/共34页20.Onthewall_twolargeportraits.A.arehangingB.hangedC.hangD.hangs21.Notonce_theirplan.A.didtheychangeB.theychangedC.changedtheyD.theydidchanged22.IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.Neverinmylife_sohappy!(NMET2000春季)A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfeltCAD第27页/共34页23.Little_abouthisownsafety,thoughhewasingreatdangerhimself.(上海1994)A.doeshecareB.didhecareC.hecaresD.hecared24.Notonly_pollutedbut_crowded.(上海1991)A.wasthecity;werethestreetsB.thecitywas;werethestreetsC.wasthecity;thestreetswereD.thecitywas;thestreetswereBC第28页/共34页25._forthefreetickets,Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften.(上海1995)A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot26.So_thatnofishcanliveinit.(上海1992)A.thelakeisshallowB.shallowthelakeisC.shallowisthelakeD.isthelakeshallow27.Notasinglesong_atyesterdaysparty.(上海2000)A.shesangB.sangsheC.didshesingCCC第29页/共34页28.Hardly_whenitbegantorain.A.hadhearrivedB.arrivedheC.hehadarrivedD.didhearrive29.Mr.Smithpromisedtohelpmeand_thenextday.A.neitherhedidB.sohedidC.neitherdidheD.sodidheAB30.Notuntilthebellrang_in.A.dotheycomeB.cametheyC.didtheycomeD.theycameC第30页/共34页31.Onlyinthisway_thisMathsproblem.A.youcanworkoutB.canyouworkoutC.youwillbeabletoworkD.willyoucanworkout32.Mywifeisateacher,and_.A.soamIB.soIamC.alsoIamD.tooIam33._,theboyknowsalotaboutcomputer.A.ThoughisheyoungB.AsisheyoungC.YoungasisheD.Youngasheis.BAD第31页/共34页34.Afterthatwehaveneverseenheragain,nor_her.A.wehaveheardfromB.haveweheardfromC.didwehearfromD.weheardfrom35.Notuntilyesterdayevening_thepartyhadbeenputofftillnextSaturday.A.IknewB.didntIknowC.didIknowD.Ididntknow.BC36.Notonly_apromise,butalsohekeptit.A.didhemakeB.hadhemadeC.makeheD.hemadeA第32页/共34页37.Never_sucharobot.A.wehaveseenB.haveweseenC.wesawD.wehaventseen38._aletterforyou.A.ThereareB.IshereC.HereisD.Isthere39._abigpaper-makingfactorybythelake.A.TherestandsB.DoestherestandC.StandingthereisD.Itisstanding40.Lookout!_A.ThebuscomethereB.Therecomesthebus.C.Doesthebuscome?D.Comesthebusthere.BCAB第33页/共34页感谢您的观看！第34页/共34页
