英语状语从句复习2.pptx

定义：定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，来说明一件事称作状语从句，来说明一件事情发生的时间情发生的时间,地点地点,原因原因,条件条件,结果等结果等.它可以用来修饰谓语它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。状语，或是整个句子。第1页/共30页1 1、时间状语从句 2 2、地点状语从句3 3、原因状语从句 4 4、目的状语从句5 5、结果状语从句 6 6、条件状语从句7 7、方式状语从句 8 8、让步状语从句9 9、比较状语从句第2页/共30页一一 时间状语从句时间状语从句连接词while,when,as,whenever,before,after,since,till,until,once,as soon as,no soonerthan,hardly/scarcely/barely when,the moment,the second,the instant,every time,each time,next time,the first/last time,by the timedirectly,immediately,instantly等 第3页/共30页.when/wheneverWhen I came into the room,he was writing a letter.当我进屋时，他正在写当我进屋时，他正在写信。信。We shall go there whenever we are free.我们什么时间有空，我们就去那我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。里。第4页/共30页2.when/while/asWhen 既可指某一点时间既可指某一点时间,也可指一段时间也可指一段时间;When he returned,his wife was cooking.while指指“在某一段时间里在某一段时间里”，“在在期间期间”，引，引导的动作必须是持续性的导的动作必须是持续性的;While he was reading,his wife was cooking.as强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。,翻译成翻译成”一一边边一边一边”As he was reading,he was listening to the radio.第5页/共30页注意注意:when/while都可以做并列连词,连接并列句,when表示“就在这时”和“was doing”,“had just done”和“was about to do”连用;while则表示转折“然而”I was walking in the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.My father was cooking while my mother was playing cards.第6页/共30页3.“一一就就”1.As soon as I arrive in Shanghai,Ill write to you.2.upon/on+arriving 3.Immediately+句子句子4.The+时间名词时间名词(minute/moment)+句子句子5.hardlywhen6.no soonerthan第7页/共30页4.连接词连接词beforesince的小结：的小结：一、含义一、含义1 We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.2 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3 Please write it down before you forget it.4Before I could get in a word,he had measured me.“才才”“不到不到就就”“趁趁”“还没来得及还没来得及”二Before从句中谓语不用否定式。如：Before they reached the station,the train had gone.三三1）句型）句型It will be/was段时间段时间before“过多久才过多久才”如：如：It will be two years before he leaves the country.2）句型）句型It will be/was not一段时间一段时间before“没多久就没多久就”如：如：It wasnt two years before he left the country.3）句型）句型It is段时间段时间since时间的计算一律从时间的计算一律从since从句的从句的 动作完成或状态结束时算起。如：动作完成或状态结束时算起。如：It is three years since she was in the army.It is three years since she joined the army.延续性动词延续性动词:反反过来翻译过来翻译短暂性动词短暂性动词:直译直译第8页/共30页5 till/untilWe waited till(until)he came back.我们一直等到他回来。She didnt stop working until eleven oclock.她到11点钟才停止工作。如主句动词是延续性动作，常用肯定式，表示“直到为止”;如主句动词是瞬间动词，常用否定式，表示“直到才”第9页/共30页Not until 句型与强调句型结合I didnt go to sleep until he came back.与倒装句式结合It was not until he came back that I went to sleep.Not until he came back did I go to sleep.第10页/共30页二二 地点状语从句地点状语从句(where,everywhere,(where,everywhere,anywhere)anywhere)Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者，事竟成。You are free to go wherever you like.你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语。Anywhere he traveled,he was impressed by the friendliness of the people.第11页/共30页Where Where 到底引导的是地点状语从句还是到底引导的是地点状语从句还是定语从句？定语从句？1.The Winter Olympic Games are always held where there is plenty of snow.()2.The Winter Olympic Games are always held in the countries where there is plenty of snow.()地点状语从句地点状语从句定语从句定语从句第12页/共30页三三 原因状语从句原因状语从句语气语气（强到弱（强到弱)意义意义用法用法词性词性位置位置because因为因为强调未知原因强调未知原因1.回答回答why,2.强调句中强调句中3.与与not连用连用4.only,simply,just5后不可再用后不可再用so从属连词从属连词 前前,后后since now that既然既然表示已知、显然的表示已知、显然的从属连词从属连词 常前常前as由于由于表示已知、显然的表示已知、显然的从属连词从属连词 前前,后后for因为因为解释说明，常用于解释说明，常用于推断推断并列连词并列连词 后后第13页/共30页其他连接词还有其他连接词还有considering(that)considering(that)考虑到考虑到seeing(that)seeing(that)既然既然in thatin that 在在方面方面/因为因为 1.He distrusted me _ I was new.2._ you are going,I will go,too.3._ its raining,youd better take a taxi.4.It must have rained last night,_ the ground is wet.5._ you have come,you may as well stay.6._ he refused to help us,there is no reason why we should now help him.7.I like the city,but I like the country better _ I have more friends in the country.becauseSinceAsforNow thatSeeing thatin that第14页/共30页四四 条件状语从句条件状语从句连接词：连接词：If(如果),unless(除非)(if-not),as long as,so long as,on condition that,(只要)suppose/supposing(that),provided/providing(that),(假如)only if(只要),in case(万一),given(the fact)that(倘若考虑到)第15页/共30页注意点：注意点：1.分清真实条件句和非真实条件分清真实条件句和非真实条件句，非真实条件句中要用虚拟语气句，非真实条件句中要用虚拟语气If I were you,I would ask the police for help.2.条件状语从句用一般现在时表示条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来时将来时第16页/共30页练习1.Short hair styles make the face look longer,especially _there are curls on the top.2.Life continues _ the damage done to the body is too severe.3.There is hope _ life continues.4.Ill come _ John is invited,too.5._ the match is cancelled,what can we do for the weekend?ifunlessas long asIn caseon condition that第17页/共30页在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中,表示与表示与事事实相反的条件和结果。实相反的条件和结果。If 从句从句主句主句与现在事与现在事实不符实不符与过去事与过去事实不符实不符与将来事与将来事实不符实不符过去时过去时didbe动词用动词用were过去完成时过去完成时had done过去时过去时did/should do/were to dowould/should/could/might+dowould/should/could/might+have donewould/should/could/might+do第18页/共30页(五五)结果状语从句结果状语从句so that,soso that,sothat,that,suchsuchthatthat (六六)目的状语从句目的状语从句so that,suchso that,suchthat,in that,in order order that,that,lestlest(以免以免),),in casein case 和和for fear thatfor fear that(以防以防)区分so that引导的是目的状语从句（有might,may,can,could,should等情态动词）还是结果状语从句e.g.1)Speak clearly so that they may understand you.()2)He got on the train late so that he found all the seats occupied.()目的状语从句目的状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句第19页/共30页(七七)方式状语从句方式状语从句可用虚拟可用虚拟as ifas if,as thoughas though,(,(好象好象.仿佛仿佛)as()as(像像,犹如犹如,正如正如,the way,the way）(just)as(just)assoso 正如正如1It looks _ it is going to rain.2.The child talks _ he were a man.3.I want you to tell them your experience exactly as you have told it to me.4.the way(that/in which)e.g.Pay attention to your table manners.I dont like the way you eat soup.as ifas if5.e.g.As water is to fish,so air is to men.第20页/共30页 八八 让步状语从句让步状语从句though,although,as,while,even if,even though,wh-ever,no matter+wh-,whetheror（不管/不论还是）,in spite of/despite(the fact that）1.Whether the language is learned quickly or slowly,it is hard work.2.Something inside your body is always going on whether you are aware of it or not.第21页/共30页1.though,although,as 1.though,although,as 和和whilewhile引导的让步状语从句注意点引导的让步状语从句注意点 1)不能用but，但可以用still,yet,nevertheless2).though 能与even 连用，但although不可以3)Though引导的让步状语从句可顺装也可倒装Although只可以顺装as只能倒装e.g.Clever though/as he is,he cant learn a language in a week.=Although/Though he is clever,4).while用法同although,但while只能放于句首，且不可以倒装。第22页/共30页2.no matter wh-与 wh-ever 的联系及区别：no matter wh-只引导让步状语从句，此时与 wh-ever通用。如:No matter when/Whenever he comes back,he should be invited to the party.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句，No matter wh-不能。如：Whatever I can do for you will be nothing but paying a debt.Whoever can help us will be welcome.第23页/共30页 九九.比比 较较 状状 语语 从从 句句asas,not so as,the same assuchas,than,the more the more 1).He is taller than I(am)/me.2).She likes pop as much as he(does)/him.3)The more a man learns,the more he sees his ignorance.4)The higher the tree is,the stronger the wind is.第24页/共30页1.倍数表达法倍数表达法他们的房子是我们的两倍.Their room is twice bigger than ours.Their room is twice as big as ours.Their room is twice the size of ours.第25页/共30页2.比较状语从句中避免重比较状语从句中避免重复复1)than引导的从句中常省略与主句相同的部分e.g.Bill is taller than Bob(is).2).用do 代替e.g.Now we speak more English than we did last term.3).从句中one,that 或those代替相应主句中的可数名词单数，不可数名词及可数名词复数第26页/共30页状语从句注意事项1省略1)When(you are)in Rome,do as the Romans do.2)We will do that When/if(it is)necessary.2.as/while/since可引导哪些状语从句？As:时间,原因,比较,方式,让步While:时间,让步Since:时间,原因3.as far as引导表示程度，范围“至于就e.g.1)就我所知，he has gone to town.2)I will help you 尽我所能。3）就我来说，everything is going well.第27页/共30页4.时态主将从现：在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时e.g.The house could fall down soon if no one_(do)some quick repair work.does第28页/共30页5.倒装 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：否定词开头；so 加 adj.开头；as/though引导的让步状语从句。6.搭配Although/though 不能与but 连用；但可与yet，still,nevertheless连用Because 不能与so连用；Unless 不能与or/otherwise 连用第29页/共30页感谢您的观看！第30页/共30页