2021届上海永兴高级中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析.pdf

2021 届上海永兴高级中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A These wonderful NYC attractions offer pay what you wish days,free entry hours/days and other great stuff for local families.Staten IslandZoo There are plenty of creatures who call NYC homethe Staten Island Zoo is one of them.Once youve finished learning about the wildlife in the animal nursery,reptile(爬行动物)side rooms,horse barn and other areas of the attraction,make sure to mark your schedule for fun seasonal happenings,such as the Easter Egg Games and the scary,crazy Halloween Shows.Entry on Wednesdays is by suggested donation;children aged two and under free.Childrens Museum of the Arts The Childrens Museum of the Arts welcomes 135,000 little visitors each year through its doors.Once inside,the whole family can enjoy interactive programs,exhibitions(展览)and events that celebrate the changed power of the arts on youngsters and grown-ups alike.Pay-as-you-wish Thursdays,3-6 p.m.Wave Hill Everyone needs a few hours of calm now and then-kids included-and youd be hard-pressed to find a more peaceful spot within city limits than Wave Hill the broad grounds located above the river,covering 28 acres of public gardens,plus woodlands and grasses to wander.Jump in on nature walks,story times and family art projects often led by local artists and free with general admission.Pay as you wish Tuesdays and Saturdays,9 a.m noon.New York Hall of Science Naturally,kids love it when the New York Hall of Science pleases them with neat exhibits and fun hands-on activities.The museums playground is themost attractivetochildren A tube slide(管道滑梯)will give little ones the knowledge on science topics,while the climbing area mirrors a giant spider web.There are also wind pipes,metal drums,sand-boxes and much more.What better way to make the mostout of science?Free entry Sep-Jun on Fridays,2 5 p.m，and Sundays,10 11 a.m.1.What can children do in Staten Island Zoo?A.Feed injured animals.B.Join in seasonal activities.C.Build a home for creatures.D.Deal with the donations to the zoo.2.What do Childrens Museum of the Arts and Wave Hill have in common?A.They both have peaceful spots.B.They both are located by a river.C.They both have public gardens.D.They both have activities about arts.3.Which place can be free of charge for all?A.Wave Hill.B.Staten IslandZoo.C.New York Hall of Science.D.Childrens Museum of the Arts.B Sometimes people make history.George Washington became the first president of theUnited Statesand made history.Sometimes wars make history.The two World Wars are examples.Sometimes nature even becomes part of history.Shaking earthquakes are recorded in history books.Sixteen years ago,nature caused just such a history-making event.In September 2005,Hurricane Katrina came ashore inNew Orleans,Louisiana.The deadly storm floodedNew Orleans.Before Katrina,no other big American city had ever flooded in the history of the country.This natural disaster caused great harm and death.New Orleansis located below sea level.This location places it at great risk.Levees were built to protectNew Orleansfrom the ocean.(A levee is like a wall between the city and the ocean.)When Hurricane Katrina came ashore,water moved over the levees into the city.Flooding made it necessary for everyone to leave the city.Before Katrina,Creole food(a special kind of cooking only inLouisiana)filled the air with delicious smells.The sound of jazz music traveled through the streets.Now the city has to return to its former glory.Before Katrina,theU.S.government had never made everyone leave a city.People inNew Orleanshad to find shelter quickly.Some had to stay at theSuperdomeSportsCenter.Some rode on buses to other towns.Thousands drove their cars to get away from the storm.The roads and shelters filled up fast.The lesson learned from Katrina was that cities must be better prepared for big storms and other terrible disasters caused by nature.Being prepared might have kept more people safe.Hurricane Katrina is one of the history-making events that will be remembered forever.Today,history is still being made that will shape the future.4.What does the author tell us aboutNew Orleans?A.It was built above sea level.B.It had few jazz musicians after Katrina.C.It was the firstU.S.city that had been flooded.D.It created a wholly new way to cook after Katrina.5.What can we say about the levees?A.They were almost useless for fighting Katrina.B.They helped people leaveNew Orleansquickly.C.They made NewOrleansa special American city.D.They should be built to match the size ofNew Orleans.6.What might the author advise city governments to do?A.Put up more shelters in the city.B.Build more levees around the city.C.Teach people how to avoid floods.D.Try to get ready for natural disasters.7.What is the best title for the text?A.Storms are dangerous B.Katrina makes history C.Floods shapeLouisiana D.History must be remembered C Is renting clothes greener than buying them?Sustainable(可持续的)fashion expert Elizabeth Cline isnt sure.Clothing renting is a hot new industry and businessmen are trying to attract shoppers who care about the environment.Last summer alone,Urban Outfitters,Macys,Bloomingdales American EagleandBanana Republicall announced renting services a sure sign of changing times.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it?And if so,how much more?Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline researched this question in a feature article for Elle,and she concluded that its not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping for example,which has to go two ways if an item is rented receiving and returning.Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.Then theres the burden of washing,which has to happen for every item when its returned,regardless of whether or not it was worn.For most renting services,this usually means dry-cleaning,which is a polluting process.All the renting services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene,a carcinogenic(致癌的)air pollutants thats still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners,with hydrocarbon(碳氢化合物)alternatives,although these arent great either.They can produce harmful waste and air pollution if not handled correctly.Lastly,Cline fears that renting services will increase our appetite for fast fashion,simply because its so easily accessible.Theres something called“share-washing”that makes people have more wasteful behaviors because a product or service is shared and thus is considered more eco-friendly.Uber is one example of this:advertised as a way to share rides and reduce car ownership,and yet it has been proven to discourage walking,bicycling and public transportation use.Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after wearing them a few times,but we shouldnt let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied.Theres an even better step and thats wearing what we already have.8.What do we know about Elizabeth Cline from the passage?A.She is trying to attract shoppers.B.She is an expert and journalist.C.She has created“share-washing”.D.She never rents clothes.9.Why does renting services increase peoples appetite for fast fashion?A.Because it is handled correctly.B.Because it is transported easily.C.Because it is fairly eco-friendly.D.Because it is easily accessible.10.What can we infer from the passage?A.Clothing renting became popular ten years ago.B.Consumer transportation has the largest carbon footprint.C.Renting clothes deserves further consideration.D.Uber is a good example of sharing rides.11.Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from?A.Environment.B.Technology.C.Travel.D.Medicine.D Tofight for the conservation of forest ecosystem,several ecologists including Daniel Janzen convinced Del Oro,an orange juice producer,to donate part of their forestland to a national park.In return,Del Oro was allowed to throw large amounts of waste in the form of orangepeels(皮)on a 3-hectare piece of land within the national park at no cost.Dealing with tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill,so the proposal was very attractive.But a year later,another juice company challenged the deal in court,arguing that their competitor was polluting a national park.They ended up winning,and the deal between Del Oro and the national park fell through.Then in 2013,while discussing possible research avenues（途径，手段）with Timothy Treuer,Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange story.Feeling interested,Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier.What he found shocked him.While I would walk over exposed rock and dead grass in the nearby fields,Id have to climb through undergrowth and cut paths through walls ofvines(藤)in the orange peel site itself,said Timothy Treuer.Treuer and his team spent months picking upsamples(样品),analyzing and comparing them.They found great differences between the areas covered with orange peels and those that were not.The area withorange waste had richer soil.The effect that the orange peels had on the land is probably not that surprising to people familiar withcomposting(施肥),but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the waste of orange mined a national parkand stopped it from going forward.Now that Timothy Treuers study has received worldwide attention,this type of ruining is being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.12.What did Del Oro usually do with orange peels?A.Add them to fuel.B.Feed them to animals.C.Burn or bury them.D.Make them into cakes.13.What can we know about the deal between Del Oro and the national park?A.It lasted 15 years.B.It was signed by Treuer.C.It was made in about 1998.D.It was broken by Del Oro.14.What was Treuers finding?A.Orange peels contain much fibre.B.Orange peels can make soil richer.C.Orange peels rot away in a short time.D.Orange waste ruined the national park.15.What is the authors attitude toward the judge mentioned in the last paragraph?A.Disapproving.B.Positive.C.Worried.D.Admirable.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 _16_Well-designed office spaces help create a companys image.They motivate workers,and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential customers.They make business work better,and they are a part of the corporate culture to live in.As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one,office designers come up with designs different from the traditional ones of the past._17_ As employee hierarchies(等级制度)have decreased,the design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible management environments._18_Because of changes to methods of working,new design takes into account expansion or movement of desks,storage,and equipment within the workplace._19_Designers have improved by breaking the walls that separate workstations.Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees access to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.Office designers also face a number of demands,including fund limits,employees hierarchies and technological advances.These demands are often competing and must be well balanced,so that work spaces can enable employees to do their best.All these elements of office design are related._20_The well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.A.It is important that work spaces be well designed.B.Another important design goal is communication.C.The most successful office designs are like good marriage.D.Office and work spaces often are not given to a person forever.E.Designers also need to make sure that employees feel comfortable at work.F.These new solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.G.Whether designers ideas are put into practice depends on design approaches.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 While getting into Harvard Law School is not easy for anyone,Rehan,a sanitation worker(环卫工人)from Bowie,Maryland,worked hard to achieve it.And he doesnt take all the_21_either he gives most of it to the people around him.Whenhe was 8,his mother left the family and his father had to_22_to support it.Rehans grades dropped._23_,his high school grades were so poor that he was_24_by many colleges.So he took a job at Bates Trucking and Trash(垃圾).For many people,getting the job would feel like a low point._25_,for Rehan,it was a really_26_time when his life began to turn around.“It was the first time in my life that people who werent my father or my brother really just_27_me to feel confident,told me I was_28_.”His coworkers urged him to go back to school,and the company owner,Brent Bates,helped him get_29_inBowieStateUniversity.Rehan earned a 4.0-grade point_30_and was able to go to theUniversityofMarylandfor further_31_.During his junior year atMaryland,his father was ill.To_32_their family,Rehan had to return to work at Bates._33_dropping out of school,he woke each day at 4 a.m.to finish his_34_before class.He scored very well in his LSAT test,and_35_HarvardLawSchool.That school charges a high price.Luckily,the young man found another_36_.Carmie McCook,a communications coach,started a GoFundMe page to help him with the_37_.The goal was$75,000,but it rose to over$185,000 in_38_,which helped make his dream_39_.While most people heading toHarvardLawSchoolhave the grades and the financial support,Rehan just had his own_40_story to stand on the same story that makes him an inspiration.21.A.view B.credit C.emotion D.strategy 22.A.struggle B.compete C.organize D.suffer 23.A.Curiously B.Luckily C.Actually D.Obviously 24.A.investigated B.refused C.attracted D.preferred 25.A.Therefore B.Moreover C.However D.Anyway 26.A.amazing B.confusing C.plain D.anxious 27.A.recognized B.reminded C.forgave D.encouraged 28.A.smart B.worthwhile C.responsible D.unusual 29.A.admired B.registered C.promoted D.exchanged 30.A.challenges B.comments C.honor D.average 31.A.experiments B.contents C.studies D.arrangements 32.A.observe B.affect C.improve D.save 33.A.Because of B.Instead of C.Other than D.Rather than 34.A.work B.issue C.lecture D.summary 35.A.adapted to B.contributed to C.applied to D.referred to 36.A.partner B.volunteer C.master D.supporter 37.A.cost B.stress C.limit D.rent 38.A.accommodations B.donations C.sources D.means 39.A.work out B.fall apart C.come true D.give up 40.A.awkward B.graceful C.suitable D.painful 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 A Chinese saying goes that“Firewood,rice,cooking oil,salt,sauce,vinegar_41._tea are the seven necessities to begin a day.”Without doubt,tea_42._(welcome)all over the world.According to the UN,tea is_43._(much)than just a hot drink.